Вопросы безопасности最新文献

{"title":"Testing of the developed methodology of comparative analysis on the example of foreign and domestic documents of strategic planning in the sphere of energy security","authors":"N. Lapenkova, S. A. Pobyvaev, E. V. Zolotarev","doi":"10.25136/2409-7543.2021.4.36382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2021.4.36382","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Energy security is currently one of the key components of national security of any country. The object of this research is the basic documents of strategic planning of the European Union in sphere of ensuring energy security (Roadmap of the European Union “Final 10-year ETIP SNET R&I roadmap covering 2017-26”) in the context of comparative analysis of the existing approaches towards ensuring energy security of the Russian Federation (Energy Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation). The analysis is conducted from the perspective of comparison of two documents of strategic planning for the purpose of identification of threats and risks to the economic security. The subject of this research is the threats and risks to energy security of the countries, and thus, their national security. The scientific novelty consists in examination of the documents of strategic planning in the sphere of energy security using methodology of comparative analysis developed by the authors, which is based on the dynamic semantic network. In accordance with the aforementioned methodology, analysis is carried out on the structure of documents that encompasses the processes, the manifestation of which can be observed through objective and subjective methods of monitoring. The authors developed the expert analytical apparatus of comparative analysis, as well as the methodology for assessing the objectivity of comparative analysis. The developed methodology of comparative analysis is tested on the example of strategic planning documents in the sphere of energy security of the European Union and the Russian Federation. The conclusion is made on the need for further research of the methodological foundations of comparative analysis in order to detect the risks and threats to the economic security of the Russian Federation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":150406,"journal":{"name":"Вопросы безопасности","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125202757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensuring economic security of the municipalities: best practices","authors":"V. Starovoitov","doi":"10.25136/2409-7543.2021.4.36552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2021.4.36552","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of this research is the best practices of ensuring economic security of municipalities of the Russian Federation. The object of this research is the process of ensuring economic security of the municipalities. The author meticulously examines the state of economic security of municipalities of the Russian Federation. Special attention is given to monotowns, whose economy is dominated by a single industry or company. It is underlined that the critical state of backbone enterprises usually leads to deterioration of economic security and emergence of crisis phenomena in socioeconomic sphere of the municipalities. The article presents practical experience of restoring the role of the Russian textile factory during bankruptcy proceedings. Rendering support to the backbone enterprises in overcoming crisis situations, the municipalities simultaneously address the issues of ensuring their economic security and socioeconomic development. The novelty of this research consists in the statement that restoration of the activity of backbone enterprises and ensuring economic security in the Russian municipalities is possible, even in the conditions of bankruptcy proceedings of the backbone enterprises. Ensuring the economic security of Russian municipalities is achieved by active support of the backbone enterprises by local communities; implementation of modern management methods in assessment of the state of economic objects, initiation of measures for overcoming crisis phenomena in the economy of municipalities; development of constructive principles as the foundation for supporting the backbone enterprises and ensuring economic security of the municipality. Positive experience acquired by the municipality “Kirzhachsky District of Vladimir Region” in ensuring its economic security by supporting and restoring the role of the backbone enterprise of the district remains relevant, and can be implemented by other Russian municipalities in their management practice.\u0000","PeriodicalId":150406,"journal":{"name":"Вопросы безопасности","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128706606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative legal mechanism for ensuring cyberspace security of Thailand","authors":"E. Gorian","doi":"10.25136/2409-7543.2021.3.36255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2021.3.36255","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The object of this research is the legal relations that emerge in the context of implementation of measures for ensuring cybersecurity. Characteristic is given to the provisions of the normative legal acts of Thailand in the sphere of cybersecurity. The article author explores the peculiarities of such policy and regulatory documents as Thai National Cybersecurity Strategy for 2017–2021, Policy and Plan for National Security (2019–2022), Cyber Crime Act of 2007 (revised in 2017), Criminal Code of 1956 (revised in 2019), Personal Data Protection Act of 2017, and Cybersecurity Act of 2019. The author reveals the peculiarities of normative legal mechanism for ensuring cyberspace security in Thailand. In its policy documents, Thailand does not determine the major information threats in domestic and foreign spheres or the priorities in the development of cybersecurity system, but rather outlines the range of national interests and sets the tasks may propel it to the regional leadership. The laws are elaborated with consideration of the latest trends in the sphere of information technologies,, and include in the scope of regulation such questions as the protection of personal data, computer and information systems, and critical information infrastructure. The vertical framework of state administration and monitoring, as well as the range of powers of the competent bodies are established on the legislative level. In the sphere of protection of personal data, Thai legislation extensively duplicates the provisions of the General Data Protection Regulation of the European Union. A distinctive feature of the normative legal acts consists in legal substantiation of restriction of human rights and freedoms in the context of implementation of such provisions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":150406,"journal":{"name":"Вопросы безопасности","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122851366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflection of the category “security” and derivative concepts in the Constitution of the Russian Federation (in the light of the amendments of 2020)","authors":"D. Iroshnikov","doi":"10.25136/2409-7543.2021.3.35699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2021.3.35699","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article examines security as the constitutional-legal category through the prism of its consolidation alongside the derivative concepts (national security, public security, environmental safety, and other) in the text of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Special attention is given to the evolution of the category of “security” in the Constitution of the Russian Federation in the context of amendments introduced in 2020, which also affected constitutional framework of ensuring security. However, the subject of research does not include the question on the need and feasibility of amending the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020, as well as implementation of such significant changes without its full revision. The author concludes that from the perspective of improving the constitutional framework of security, it is difficult to assess the constitutional amendments unambiguously. On the one hand, question od security was left out, and some of its aspects were reflected in the text of the Constitution, although the pivotal questions of ensuring security could have been regulated by the constitutional norms in more detail. The author notes that according to the Constitution, the major threat to the individual, society and the state regardless the introduced amendments, is the threat of military nature. In that context, the fundamentals of countering security threats of nonmilitary nature should be reflected in the Constitution more constructively. \u0000","PeriodicalId":150406,"journal":{"name":"Вопросы безопасности","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116158519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criminal law protection of certain principles of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation","authors":"A. Pastushenko, Elena Yuryevna Antonova","doi":"10.25136/2409-7543.2021.3.36091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2021.3.36091","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of this research is the criminal law guarantees for the implementation of the principles of appropriate and targeted spending of budgetary resources as an element of ensuring national security of the Russian Federation. The author conducts the assessment of normative and law-enforcement material that determines the legal essence of the indicated principles of budgetary system of the Russian Federation. The article explores case law of implementation of certain norms of criminal legislation of the Russian Federation associated with contravention of the principle of appropriate use of budgetary allocations. This article is first to juxtapose the measures of criminal law protection of the principles of appropriate and targeted spending of budgetary resources. Based on the acquired results, the current position on the absence of penalties for the inappropriate use of budgetary allocations is being disputed. The conducted comparative analysis of the measures of criminal responsibility reveals large disparity with regards to protection of the two key principles of budgetary system of the Russian Federation. The author also established the presence of criminal elements that carry out preclusive function, which narrows down the capabilities of criminal law of the Russian Federation. The article offers an optimal and effective method for eliminating this problem and improving protective capabilities of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, including the tasks of ensuring national security.\u0000","PeriodicalId":150406,"journal":{"name":"Вопросы безопасности","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127382882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune-like procedure for functionality of the system of information security in automated data processing systems in the context of countering internal threats","authors":"Simon Zhorzhevich Simavoryan, A. Simonyan, G. Popov, E. Ulitina","doi":"10.25136/2409-7543.2021.3.36228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2021.3.36228","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of this research is the system of creating mechanisms of information from internal threats in automated data processing systems similar to the mechanism of human immunity. The object of this research is the mechanism of human immunity and systems of ensuring information security in automated data processing systems. The goal of this work lies in the development of the universal scheme of functionality of the mechanism of human immunity against internal threats in form of the procedure, and develop on its basis the immune-like scheme for countering internal threats applicable to the systems of ensuring information security. Methodological research on the development of procedure for detecting internal threats in the mechanism of human immunity is carried out via the methods of systemic analysis in area of ensuring information security. Special attention is given to such aspects as consistency and adaptability of the mechanisms of human immunity applicable to the systems of ensuring information security. This article introduces the new solution to the task of adapting the universal scheme of functionality of the immune system in countering internal threats in the systems of ensuring information security based on the principle of demarcation of the elements to “known/alien” and implementation of the procedure to “destroy” threat, the so-called “Trogotcytosis” (“gnaw”). The developed procedures may serve as the basic schemes in further practical studies of the immune-like systems of ensuring informations security.\u0000","PeriodicalId":150406,"journal":{"name":"Вопросы безопасности","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117213669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State legal mechanism for ensuring environmental and technogenic safety","authors":"E. Chuklova","doi":"10.25136/2409-7543.2021.3.36378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2021.3.36378","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the light of the ongoing state administration reform, it is relevant to examine the state legal mechanism for ensuring environmental and technogenic security as the types of national security. The subject of this research is the definition of the concept and structure of such mechanism, which is an essential condition for ensuring the protection of favorable environment; observance of the interests of citizens and legal entities, society and the state; prevention of threats of natural and technogenic emergency situations; and minimization of the consequences of such situations. On the institutional level, the state legal mechanism for ensuring environmental safety represents the system of governing institutions assigned with the implementation of the key directions and mechanisms for ensuring environmental and technogenic safety; as well as private and legal entities, whose legal status includes the rights and responsibilities in the sphere of ensuring environmental and technogenic safety. On the technological level, the state legal mechanism is characterized by the types of legal activity. On the instrumental level, it represent a set of means and methods at the disposal of the entities. The scientific novelty of this research lies in examination of the essential aspects of the state legal mechanism for ensuring certain types of national security, as well as in formulation of the concept of the state legal mechanism applicable to ensuring environmental and technogenic safety, the absence of which impedes the assessment of the effectiveness of such mechanism in relation to protection of identity, society, and the state from environmental and technogenic hazards, threats and conflicts. The conclusion is made that a range of problems arises in the context of formation of the state legal mechanism for ensuring environmental safety: the existing model of state regulation of greenhouse gas emissions, which is based on voluntary inventory, obstructs the acquisition of information on the volume of greenhouse gas emissions by the administrative authorities; the created information systems in the sphere of environmental security are not an effective mechanism for achieving the goals of the Strategy of Environmental Security; there is certain inconsistency in environmental surveillance regulation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":150406,"journal":{"name":"Вопросы безопасности","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132529066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investment multiplier as a risk generator for economic security of the Russian Federation","authors":"V. Eremin","doi":"10.25136/2409-7543.2021.1.34283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2021.1.34283","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of this research is the risks generated by multiplicative processes that accompany private and public investment projects in the sphere of ensuring economic security of the country. The author examines the inflationary component of multiplicative processes, which can cause rise in the cost of the investment projects implemented in the sphere of economic security, up to their cancellation. Particular attention is given to multiplicative transfer of income gains from purposefully developed industries to adjacent or loosely related industries. Such a transfer boost the competition for resources between the industries and complicates the implementation of projects in the sphere of ensuring economic security. The following conclusions were made:   - The structure of the process of interaction between the investment multiplier and investment accelerator is self-similar, which simplifies its modeling;   - Multiplicative processes may generate risks in sphere of ensuring economic security of the country;   - In order to substantiate the need for implementing large investment projects, the consideration of generated multiplicative processes is required;   - Modeling and taking into account the multiplicative processes allows transforming them from a risk generator into an instrument that amplifies the steps of the government and private investors on ensuring economic security of the country.   The novelty of this research consists in the approach towards analyzing multiplicative process as a risk generator, which complicates the implementation of investment projects by shifting the impact upon the trajectory of their development.      \u0000","PeriodicalId":150406,"journal":{"name":"Вопросы безопасности","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134338063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global terrorism threat: current situation and preventive measures","authors":"Lyubov' Popova","doi":"10.25136/2409-7543.2021.1.34913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2021.1.34913","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article conducts a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of global terrorism threats, as well as provides scientific definition of its key elements that pose challenges to the modern systems of state and national security. The goal of this research is to examine the various aspects of manifestations of terrorism as a threat to international security, and discuss ways of countering terrorism. Relying on numerous empirical research, the author employs innovative approaches towards formulating the definitions of terrorism as a global phenomenon. The article considers the socioeconomic, regional, historical-legal, and customs aspects of modern international terrorism are considered; as well as provides research provisions on the methods for detecting terrorist threats. The article uses various approaches towards definition of the concept of terrorism, and identifies the problems of terminology. The author touches upon the question of correlation between different types of criminal activity for the organization and execution of terrorist acts; describes the trends of modern terrorism; reveals the essence, prerequisites and objectives of terrorism as a global threat. The empirical part of research is based on the secondary data. The author summarizes the results of sociological surveys; examines the characteristics and evolution of personality of a terrorist; defines the criteria for comparison of the world’s countries by the level of terrorist activity. The average index of terrorist activity for macrogeographic regions and member-states of the Eurasian Economic Union is calculated. Special attention is given to the relevant questions of financing of terrorism, classification of the sources of funds received by the terrorist organizations and allocation of these funds. The article determines the role of customs in counteracting the manifestations of terrorism, and the key measures for observance of the UN resolution. The author substantiates the use of comprehensive approach towards the methods and means of counteracting the manifestations of terrorism; and formulates recommendations on the development of concerted strategies for countering terrorism in the EAEU member-states.\u0000","PeriodicalId":150406,"journal":{"name":"Вопросы безопасности","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121908335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the results of rendering first aid in case of maxillofacial injuries suffered in road traffic accidents","authors":"V. Maslyakov, Yu. E. Barachevskii, O. Pavlova, D. A. Polikarpov, A. Pimenov, A. G. Proshin, A. A. Pimenova","doi":"10.25136/2409-7543.2021.1.35438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2021.1.35438","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 For achieving the set goal, the author conducted a retrospective research. The study involved the victims of road traffic accidents aged from 18 to 70 years, who suffered maxillofacial injuries; total of 150 victims over the period from 2010 to 2020. The selected topic is a pressing medical and social problem. It is observed that the number of close and open injuries received in road traffic accidents is roughly the same. However, the open injuries qualified as moderate and severe were determined in 45 (30%) cases. The data analysis indicates that in 30.7% of cases, first aid was rendered by bystanders and/or relatives of the victims, who do not have the necessary competence and knowledge for providing such aid; in another 19.3% of cases, first aid was rendered by operational services personnel (traffic police, fire and rescue divisions), who have the necessary knowledge and skills. The absence of necessary skills for rendering first aid to the victims of road traffic accident with such type of injury explains high percentage of mistakes, which amounted to 41.3%. At the same time, the operational services personnel demonstrated good results in rendering first aid; no mistakes were detected. The analysis of the common mistakes indicates the application of physical efforts in the process of removing victims from the vehicle; no special means while the victim's head was not fixated, which causes additional injuries. In six (4.0%) cases, the spoor condition of the victims was mistaken with comatose.\u0000","PeriodicalId":150406,"journal":{"name":"Вопросы безопасности","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125314271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}