Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals最新文献_第7页

Vegetarian Diet and Their Effect on Viral Diseases, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India 素食及其对病毒性疾病的影响，印度拉贾斯坦邦，阿杰梅尔

Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/19485964.20.12.200

Rashmi Sharma, A. Sharma, Amogh Bhardwaj, D. Bhardwaj, Garima Choumal, A. Gupta

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Risky Sexual Behaviors and Associated Risk Factors among Students of Arsi University, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚阿尔西大学学生危险性行为及相关危险因素评估

Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/1948-5964.20.12.199

M. Segni, Sime Degefa

{"title":"Assessment of Risky Sexual Behaviors and Associated Risk Factors among Students of Arsi University, Ethiopia","authors":"M. Segni, Sime Degefa","doi":"10.35248/1948-5964.20.12.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/1948-5964.20.12.199","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Risky sexual behavior remains a critical health concern among the general population of Ethiopia. The occurrence of risky sexual behaviors and associated factors for HIV infections is the core of sexuality matters in adolescents and youths. The aim of this study was to assess the risky sexual behavior among students of Arsi University. Methods: A cross sectional institutional based study among Arsi University students to assess risky sexual behavior. Six hundred twenty two randomly selected students were included in the study from three colleges. Structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information. Data was entered to Epi-enfo version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 622 students were included in the study. About 261 (72.2%) students had sexual intercourse previously, and the mean age at first sexual intercourse was 18.6 ± 0.122. Among the sexually active students, 175 (67%) used condom during sexual intercourse. Students who wore fashion clothes, chewing chat and prefer premarital sex were more likely to use condom inconsistently. Conclusion and recommendation: Almost half of the study participants had been engaged in sexual intercourse and the level of consistent condom use was low. Therefore, there is a need to enhance the awareness of students about the effect of addiction and other potential factors on developing risky sexual behavior.","PeriodicalId":15020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84288615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Viral Diseases and Antiviral Activity of Some Medicinal Plants with Special Reference to Ajmer 一些药用植物的病毒病害及其抗病毒活性，尤以菊苣为例

Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/1948-5964.19.11.186

Rashmi Sharma

引用次数: 8

Derivatized Extracts from Aframomium melegueta K. Schum. and Vernonia amygdalina Delile Contain Organic Compounds that Showed Antiviral Effects against Atypical Fowl Pox Virus (FPV Kabete) 非洲香衍生提取物。含有抗病毒非典型禽痘病毒(FPV)的有机化合物

Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5964.1000181

Oladunmoye Mk, Olufemi Ifeoluwa Afolami, Oladejo Bo, Amoo Ia, Osho Bi

{"title":"Derivatized Extracts from Aframomium melegueta K. Schum. and Vernonia amygdalina Delile Contain Organic Compounds that Showed Antiviral Effects against Atypical Fowl Pox Virus (FPV Kabete)","authors":"Oladunmoye Mk, Olufemi Ifeoluwa Afolami, Oladejo Bo, Amoo Ia, Osho Bi","doi":"10.4172/1948-5964.1000181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5964.1000181","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we tested for the antiviral potentials of derivatized extracts from two plants Aframomium melegute K. Schum. and Vernonia amygdalina Delile against atypical Fowl pox virus (FPV Kabete). Preliminary study on derivatized extracts from the plants showed that A. melegute extract contain two abundant phenols (benzaldehyde-3-hydroxy-4methoxy and butan-2-one-4-(3-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl) while the V. amygdalina extract contained Phytol and a nucleoside analogue Methyl-2-O-benzyl-d-arabinofuranoside as most abundant compounds. We determined the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of the derivatized extracts against the FPV in Embryonated Chick Eggs (ECEs) and also linked their antiviral properties to the activity of the most abundant compounds they contain. Results showed that the extracts had strong therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy against FPV. Summarily, the extract from A. melegueta had stronger prophylactic efficacy against the FPV with an inhibition concentration (IC50) of 159.49 ± 2.16 µm, it reduced the mortality of embryos (from 21.46 ± 2.31% to 6.89 ± 0.29%), diminished the FPV Log10EID50 titer from 3.86 to 2.78 and its percentage viral reduction index for prophylactic assay was at 91.7%. However, the V. amygdalina extract showed better therapeutic potential with inhibition concentration (IC50) of 179.90 ± 2.74 µm, it strongly reduced the embryo mortality (from 21.46 ± 2.31% to 7.72 ± 0.34%) and the FPV Log10EID50 titer diminished from 3.86 to 3.08 while it had a viral percentage reduction index of 83.4% for the therapeutic assay. This study demonstrated the antiviral efficacy of derivatized extracts from the two test plants against FPV and that compounds contained in the extracts can serve as molecular leads in subsequent study for biosynthesis of novel antipoxvirus inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":15020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals","volume":"126 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78523898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Non-Structural Proteases as a Target of Dengue Virus 非结构蛋白酶作为登革热病毒的靶点

Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/1948-5964.19.11.188

L. Ganji, Menna A. Kanyalkar

引用次数: 8

Comparative Study of Phylogenetic Analysis of S1 Gene of Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolates from Iraq with the Selected Strains (genebank) 伊拉克传染性支气管炎病毒分离株与选定菌株(基因库)S1基因系统发育分析的比较研究

Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/1948-5964.19.11.183

Noor R Abady, Firas Al-bawi

引用次数: 0

Cloning, Expression and Purification of Recombinant Forms of Full Length and Extracellular Domain EBOV Glycoprotein within Mammalian Cell-Lines 哺乳动物EBOV全长和胞外结构域糖蛋白重组形式的克隆、表达和纯化

Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/1948-5964.19.11.187

M. Wayengera, Peace Babirye, Carol Musubika, S. Kirimunda, M. Joloba

{"title":"Cloning, Expression and Purification of Recombinant Forms of Full Length and Extracellular Domain EBOV Glycoprotein within Mammalian Cell-Lines","authors":"M. Wayengera, Peace Babirye, Carol Musubika, S. Kirimunda, M. Joloba","doi":"10.35248/1948-5964.19.11.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/1948-5964.19.11.187","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Full length Ebolavirus glycoprotein (GP) intersperses the outer most lipid membrane to form spikes, where it mediates virus-host cell interaction. A secretory form of GP (sGP) is also produced by all 5 known Ebolavirus species. These attributes make GP an ideal target for research and development (R and D) of Ebolavirus and possibly pan-filovirus targeted Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs), bio-therapeutics and vaccines. Prior cloning of recombinant Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) GP has majorly used insect (baculovirus ) expression systems. We report the cloning, expression and purification of the full length and extracellular domain (ECD) forms of recombinant EBOV GP in mammalian cell-lines. Methods and results: 2034 and 1956 base-pair (bp) coding DNA sequences corresponding to the 669 and 643 amino acids (aa) residues of full length and ECD forms of EBOV GP were sub-cloned into the pTGE plasmids. Recombinant pTGE-plasmids were used to transfect 293-6E HEK mammalian cells grown in serum-free FreeStyleTM 293 Expression Medium. Cell lysates and or culture supernatants were used to obtain purified protein, followed by analysis on SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Purified full length GP was detected as membrane bound protein in cell lysates with estimated molecular weight of ~100 kDa (Cal.M.W.~71.67 kDa) on Western blot; and 0.02 mg GP (Concentration: 0.2 mg/mL, Purity: ~50%) derived. On the contrary, ECD GP was detected in supernatants of cell culture broth with estimated molecular weights of ~116 kDa based on SDS-PAGE and Western blot; and 1.6 mg (Concentration: 0.4 mg/ml, Purity: ~70%) of GP_ECD was obtained. Conclusion: Within mammalian cells, recombinant full length EBOV GP is predominantly expressed as transmembrane protein (tGP), while ECD GP is eluted into the culture medium. Both recombinant forms of GP are critical for the R and D of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs).","PeriodicalId":15020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73819624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antiviral Immunity Evoked Post Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) Infection and Vaccination 口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)感染和接种后引起的抗病毒免疫

Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/1948-5964.19.11.185

Anuj Tewari, B. Jain

引用次数: 2

The Botanical Glycoside Oleandrin Inhibits Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type-1 Infectivity and Env-Dependent Virological Synapse Formation. 植物糖苷夹竹桃素抑制人t细胞白血病病毒1型感染和环境依赖的病毒学突触形成。

Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-08-21 DOI: 10.35248/1948-5964.19.11.184

Tetiana Hutchison, Laçin Yapindi, Aditi Malu, Robert A Newman, K Jagannadha Sastry, Robert Harrod

{"title":"The Botanical Glycoside Oleandrin Inhibits Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type-1 Infectivity and Env-Dependent Virological Synapse Formation.","authors":"Tetiana Hutchison, Laçin Yapindi, Aditi Malu, Robert A Newman, K Jagannadha Sastry, Robert Harrod","doi":"10.35248/1948-5964.19.11.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/1948-5964.19.11.184","url":null,"abstract":"At present, there are no antiretroviral drugs that inhibit incorporation of the envelope glycoprotein into newly-synthesized virus particles. The botanical glycoside, oleandrin, derived from extracts of Nerium oleander, has previously been shown to reduce the levels of the gp120 envelope glycoprotein on human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) particles and inhibit HIV-1 infectivity in vitro. We therefore tested whether oleandrin or an extract from N. oleander could also inhibit the infectivity of the human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1): A related enveloped retrovirus and emerging tropical infectious agent. The treatment of HTLV-1+ lymphoma T-cells with either oleandrin or a N. oleander extract did not significantly inhibit viral replication or the release of p19Gag-containing particles into the culture supernatants. However, the collected virus particles from treated cells exhibited reduced infectivity on primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (huPBMCs). Unlike HIV-1, extracellular HTLV-1 particles are poorly infectious and viral transmission typically occurs via direct intercellular interactions across a virological synapse. We therefore investigated whether oleandrin or a N. oleander extract could inhibit virus transmission from a GFP-expressing HTLV-1+ lymphoma T-cell-line to huPBMCs in co-culture assays. These results demonstrated that both oleandrin and the crude phytoextract inhibited the formation of virological synapses and the transmission of HTLV-1 in vitro. Importantly, these findings suggest oleandrin may have broad antiviral activity against enveloped viruses by reducing the incorporation of the envelope glycoprotein into mature particles, a stage of the infection cycle not targeted by modern HAART.","PeriodicalId":15020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6904119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37447112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Cerebellar Ataxia in HIV Patient due to Suspected Efavirenz Associated Neurotoxicity 疑似依非韦伦相关神经毒性引起的HIV患者小脑共济失调

Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5964.1000180

R. Chawla, S. An, A. Chatterjee

{"title":"Cerebellar Ataxia in HIV Patient due to Suspected Efavirenz Associated Neurotoxicity","authors":"R. Chawla, S. An, A. Chatterjee","doi":"10.4172/1948-5964.1000180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5964.1000180","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To report a rare presentation of efavirenz associated cerebellar ataxia in a patient of HIV/AIDS. Background: A 35-year-old gentleman presented with one week history of acute onset cerebellar atxaia. Neurological examination revealed scanning speech, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia, gait ataxia and irrelevant talking. No sensory or motor deficit was present. Patient was a known case of Pulmonary kochs and HIV AIDS, already on antiretroviral and anti-tubercular treatment. Patient was taking Efavirenz 600 mg daily along with Tenofovir and Lamivudine for HIV. No abnormality was found on MRI brain with contrast. Chest X-ray and abdominal ultrasonography was normal. CD4 count was 520 cells/microlitre. CSF examination revealed mildly elevated protein (62 mg/dl), normal sugar (68 mg/dl) and normal cell count. CSF for AFB, bacterial culture, GenXpert, fungal culture, India ink was negative. Discussion and Conclusion: For a known case of HIV AIDS on antiretroviral treatment, in the absence of any structural abnormality on MRI brain, a possibility of cerebellar dysfunction as a result of efavirenz associated neurotoxic side effect can be considered.","PeriodicalId":15020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Antivirals & Antiretrovirals","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82066506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0