{"title":"Tailoring Polymeric Binder of Permselective Gas Diffusion Electrode for Low-Concentration CO<sub>2</sub> Electrolysis.","authors":"Hadi Shaker Shiran, Shariful Kibria Nabil, Tareq Al-Attas, Karthick Kannimuthu, Soumyabrata Roy, Md Golam Kibria","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202501145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202501145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction (eCO<sub>2</sub>R) offers a promising route to convert industrial CO<sub>2</sub> emissions into value-added chemicals. However, direct electrolysis of low-concentration CO<sub>2</sub> streams from flue gas suffers from mass transport limitation, resulting in poor Faradaic efficiency (FE). To address this challenge, a gas diffusion electrode featuring a permselective layer is developed that selectively concentrates CO<sub>2</sub> at the catalyst interface. The permselective layer integrates a hybrid CO<sub>2</sub>-philic metal-organic framework Calgary Framework-20 (CALF-20) filler embedded within a tailored polymer matrix. Three polymers-Nafion, polysulfone (PSF), and styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene-as the polymer matrix to optimize CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> selectivity and permeability are systematically tested. The CALF-20/PSF composite in the permselective layer achieves a CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> selectivity of ≈40, enabling a threefold increase in CO partial current density (j<sub>CO</sub> of -42.7 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>) with a dilute CO<sub>2</sub> feed (10 volume percentage) compared to unmodified electrodes at an applied current density of -50 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>. In a membrane electrode assembly, the optimized electrode maintains a stable FE<sub>CO</sub> of ≈70% for over 20 h. CO<sub>2</sub> uptake studies and structural characterization reveal that strong interactions between the triazole ligands of CALF-20 and the sulfonyl/ether groups of PSF enhance both CO<sub>2</sub> transport and electrode durability.</p>","PeriodicalId":149,"journal":{"name":"ChemSusChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202501145"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable Recovery of Silicon from End-of-Life Solar Panels for Next-Generation Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries and Capacitors with Robust Cycle Life.","authors":"Manohar Akshay, Shaji Gayathri, Kadam Vikram Ravindra, Yun-Sung Lee, Vanchiappan Aravindan","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202501921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202501921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lithium-based energy storage devices such as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are efficient and widely used electrochemical energy storage technologies. However, these lack an anode with high practical capacity/energy density to store energy for a long period. Herein, a combined intercalation and alloying mechanism is introduced in the anode to enhance the specific capacity and energy density without compromising cycling performance. The work explores graphite with recovered silicon (from discarded solar panels) as an anode for both LIBs and LICs. The commercial graphite-recovered silicon (CG-Si) composite displays better electrochemical performance than the pristine graphite, as it is observed that even 5 wt.% of silicon can increase the specific capacity over 150 mAh g<sup>-1</sup>. The LIB fabricated with CG(95):Si(5) composite as anode and lithium manganese oxide (LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) cathode exhibits a maximum energy density of 242 Wh kg<sup>-1</sup> with stable cycling performance for more than 750 cycles. On the other hand, the LIC with the same anode and activated carbon cathode displays a maximum energy density of 196 Wh kg<sup>-1</sup> with stable cycling performance over 10,000 cycles. Above all, both LIB and LIC are adaptable and display excellent electrochemical performance at various climatic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":149,"journal":{"name":"ChemSusChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202501921"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Azo-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks.","authors":"Chao Liu, Wen-Zhuang Wang, Hui-Hui Sun, Xin Zhao, Qiao-Yan Qi, Shun-Qi Xu, Xin Zhao","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202501756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202501756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) linked by azo bonds (-NN-), termed as azo-linked COFs, represent a novel class of crystalline porous polymers, in which small organic units are covalently connected into ordered frameworks via azo bonds. Endowed with the inherent stability and photoactive/electroactive properties of azo units, azo-linked COFs hold significant promise for high-performance applications. However, their development has been substantially hindered by their synthesis, for which the low reversibility of the azo bonds typically results in amorphous polymers rather than crystalline frameworks. Recently, by employing the \"COF-to-COF\" structural transformation strategy developed in 2017, this approach has successfully overcome this limitation, enabling the construction of crystalline azo-linked COFs with exceptional optoelectronic properties and photocatalytic efficiency. This concept introduces the emerging azo-linked COFs, focusing on their synthesis and photocatalytic applications. Furthermore, future efforts to accelerate the development of azo-linked COFs are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":149,"journal":{"name":"ChemSusChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202501756"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing Photoelectrochemical Oxygen Demand Detection by Superhydrophobic and Surface-Passivated Cocatalyst Engineering.","authors":"Jieyu Li, Xiaoxin Chen, Xiaoqi Chen, Haoxian Shao, Yushen Xiao, Wenhao Zou, Junwei Chen, Hengjun Xie, Sitong Ge, Chunli Xie, Chunjian Huang, Shaojue Lai, Kai-Hang Ye, Changyu Liu, Shanqing Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202501758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202501758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photoelectrochemical oxygen demand (PeCOD) technology has attracted significant attention in water quality monitoring due to its advantages of rapid analysis and avoidance of highly toxic reagents. However, the increasing diversity of water pollutants (including biomass derivatives, petroleum byproducts, and plastics byproducts) poses a new challenge to the broad-spectrum detection capability of photoanodes. Herein, calcination transformed the BiVO<sub>4</sub> photoanode modified with polytrithiophene (pTTh) and NiOOH cocatalysts, yielding a superhydrophobic BiVO<sub>4</sub> photoanode with amorphous nickel oxide (NiO<sub>x</sub>) and sulfur-incorporated carbon cocatalysts (NiO<sub>x</sub>/SC). The NiO<sub>x</sub>/SC/BiVO<sub>4</sub> photoanode not only has higher photovoltage through surface defect passivation, but also enhances the selectivity for organic oxidation reactions by suppressing competitive water splitting. The NiO<sub>x</sub>/SC/BiVO<sub>4</sub> photoanode shows excellent detection performance in biomass, petroleum byproducts and plastic byproducts represented by glucose, glycerol, and ethylene glycol, with a linear detection range of 192-19200 ppm (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9953) and a detection limit of 1 mm (S/N = 14). The synergistic effect of the surface defect passivation and the hydrophobic modification provides an efficient and stable solution for broad-spectrum pollutant detection. This study not only provides material design strategies for the practical application of the PeCOD detection sensor, but also establishes a novel approach for rapid monitoring of complex aqueous systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":149,"journal":{"name":"ChemSusChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202501758"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemSusChemPub Date : 2025-10-20DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202501779
Darío Adsuar, Xavier Marset, Diego J Ramón, Néstor Guijarro
{"title":"Electrochemical Sulfonylation in Deep Eutectic Solvents Enables the Sustainable Synthesis of 2-Quinoline Sulfones.","authors":"Darío Adsuar, Xavier Marset, Diego J Ramón, Néstor Guijarro","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202501779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202501779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organic electrosynthesis is gaining momentum, driven by the inherent advantages of using electricity in place of stoichiometric chemical oxidants, such as the improved atom efficacy, the minimization of waste, and the lower cost. However, electrosynthesis methods rely on volatile organic solvents such as acetonitrile to solubilize the reagents, combined with expensive and nonrecyclable electrolytes, which compromise the environmental and economic viability of the approach. Taking the electrosynthesis of 2-arylsulfonylquinolines as representative case, the aforementioned issues by incorporating a deep eutectic solvent that functions simultaneously as the reaction medium and supporting electrolyte are addressed. The method delivers excellent yields, and products are isolated at gram scale via simple water washing and filtration. Interestingly, the eutectic solvent is recovered and reused for up to five cycles without significant loss in reaction yields. In a more general vein, this strategy not only eliminates volatile organic solvents throughout both the reaction and purification stages, but also integrates a recyclable solvent-electrolyte system, there for enabling a fully sustainable electrosynthetic process.</p>","PeriodicalId":149,"journal":{"name":"ChemSusChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202501779"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemSusChemPub Date : 2025-10-17DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202501279
Saša Opačak, Sergey Tin
{"title":"Ru(II)-Catalyzed Transfer Vinylation of Alcohols.","authors":"Saša Opačak, Sergey Tin","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202501279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202501279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ruthenium catalysts are investigated for the transfer vinylation of alcohols using alkyl vinyl ethers as the vinylating agents. Bis(2-methylallyl)(1,5-cycloocta-diene)ruthenium(II) is found to perform the reaction efficiently on many primary alcohols and affords average yields in the transfer vinylation of secondary alcohols. A recycling experiment carried out shows that all reaction components can be separated and that the isolated ethyl vinyl ether can be reused as the vinylating agent without detrimental effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":149,"journal":{"name":"ChemSusChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202501279"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemSusChemPub Date : 2025-10-16DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202501297
Tam T Nguyen, Maria Nelly Garcia Gonzalez, Jonas Engqvist, Jan Wahlberg, Gangjin Liu, Jing Liu, Patric Jannasch, Baozhong Zhang
{"title":"Lignin-Sourced Aromatics for Biodegradable Flexible Copolyesters Mimicking Poly(Butylene Adipate-co- Terephthalate).","authors":"Tam T Nguyen, Maria Nelly Garcia Gonzalez, Jonas Engqvist, Jan Wahlberg, Gangjin Liu, Jing Liu, Patric Jannasch, Baozhong Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202501297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202501297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is an important commercial biodegradable flexible copolyester, which is dependent on the fossil-based terephthalates for production. In the present work, two series of PBAT-mimicking copolyesters are synthesized using lignin-sourced aromatic monomers, i.e., methyl 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) vanillate and methyl 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) benzoate, aliphatic dimethyl adipate, and 1,4-butanediol. The greenhouse gas emissions associated with the monomer synthesis are investigated by life cycle assessment, and the solvent usage is evaluated. The copolyesters show reasonably high thermal stability, and tunable glass transition temperature and crystallinity upon varying the aromatic-aliphatic ratio. Aerobic biodegradation experiments of the obtained copolyesters over 90 days show a comparable or even faster biodegradation rate compared to the benchmark polymer PBAT. The oxygen gas barrier of the obtained terephthalate-free copolyester films is effectively enhanced compared to that of PBAT, indicating their potential in flexible food packaging applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":149,"journal":{"name":"ChemSusChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202501297"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145297778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Valorizing Lignin to Bioactive Natural Compounds.","authors":"Siyu Qi, Xiaowang Zhang, Zhiyu Zhang, Qi Na, Zhuotao Tan, Hanjie Ying, Chenjie Zhu","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202501617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202501617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lignin, as the most abundant renewable aromatic polymer in nature, holds significant potential for the sustainable synthesis of high-value natural bioactive compounds (NBCs). However, current research exhibits a disjointed approach, in which upstream lignin depolymerization processes remain disconnected from downstream catalytic synthesis of these medicinally and nutritionally valuable chemicals. Consequently, most studies are limited to using lignin model derivatives as substrates. Furthermore, existing literature on synthesizing natural active components from lignin and its derivatives is fragmented and lacks comprehensive reviews. To address this gap, this review first outlines lignin depolymerization methods and their resulting primary aromatic monomers. Subsequently, following the classification framework of NBCs, it systematically evaluates recent advances in synthesizing high-value natural products (e.g., flavonoids, curcumin analogs, and tetrahydroisoquinolines) from lignin and its derived feedstocks using chemo-catalytic, biocatalytic, and chemo-bio cascade strategies. This integrated analysis aim is to bridge upstream depolymerization with downstream conversion processes, providing theoretical guidance and technical references for enhancing lignin valorization and enabling accelerated synthesis of NBCs from lignin.</p>","PeriodicalId":149,"journal":{"name":"ChemSusChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202501617"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145297858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemSusChemPub Date : 2025-10-16DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202501327
Xu Han, Cancan Peng, Sebete Mabaleha, Yao Zheng, Xiaoyong Xu
{"title":"Recent Development and Modification of Perovskite-Based CO<sub>2</sub> Electrolysis Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Cathode.","authors":"Xu Han, Cancan Peng, Sebete Mabaleha, Yao Zheng, Xiaoyong Xu","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202501327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202501327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrochemical reduction reaction of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) to carbon monoxide (CO) via high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) offers a promising pathway for reducing carbon dioxide emissions and achieving carbon neutrality, addressing critical challenges in climate change mitigation and sustainable energy transition. However, the commercialization of this technology is still hindered by poor cathode activity and cathode degradation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the cathode materials for CO<sub>2</sub>RR to CO in SOECs, with a particular focus on perovskite-based cathodes, their modification strategies, and recent research advances. The thermodynamic fundamentals of CO<sub>2</sub> reduction and the mechanistic pathways of CO<sub>2</sub> conversion on perovskite surfaces are summarized. Various perovskite cathode materials and their corresponding electrochemical performances achieved through different modification approaches are reviewed. Furthermore, the influence factors, including temperature, applied potential, CO<sub>2</sub> feeding concentration, and electrode thickness, on SOEC performance highlighted in detail. Recent progress in the exploration of large-scale applications for high-temperature CO<sub>2</sub> electrolysis is also discussed. Finally, the major challenges and future perspectives in this field are outlined. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the current state of research on perovskite-based SOEC cathodes and offers valuable insights into the further development and practical application of SOEC technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":149,"journal":{"name":"ChemSusChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202501327"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemSusChemPub Date : 2025-10-16DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202502122
Moritz Lukas Krebs, Anil Kumar Sihag, Eko Budiyanto, Harun Tüysüz, Christian M Pichler, Ferdi Schüth
{"title":"Efficient Integration of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Oxidation to 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid with Electrochemical Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to Tunable Syngas Production in a Flow Cell.","authors":"Moritz Lukas Krebs, Anil Kumar Sihag, Eko Budiyanto, Harun Tüysüz, Christian M Pichler, Ferdi Schüth","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202502122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202502122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pairing electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) with the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) significantly limits overall system efficiency due to the high energy demand of the OER and low product value. Here, a scalable electrochemical platform is present that couples CO<sub>2</sub>RR with the oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to the high-value product 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). Using a bimetallic FeCo-modified Ni-anode, prepared via a Fenton-like surface treatment, achieves >95% FDCA yield and Faradaic efficiency under industrially relevant conditions by oxidizing stable Cannizzaro-derived intermediates. Integration with CO<sub>2</sub>RR in an electrochemical flow cell enables syngas production with tunable H<sub>2</sub>/CO ratios (0.1-4) and >92% overall Faradaic efficiency. Simultaneously, FDCA is produced at the anode with ≈89% Faradaic efficiency and yields exceeding 90%. Economic analysis indicates an 11-12% improvement in overall energy efficiency, with FDCA contributing more than 96% of the system revenue. This work establishes a scalable, energy-efficient platform for concurrent CO<sub>2</sub> utilization and biomass upgrading, advancing sustainable electrochemical production.</p>","PeriodicalId":149,"journal":{"name":"ChemSusChem","volume":" ","pages":"e202502122"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145297791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}