Journal of Aging Research最新文献

{"title":"Effects of a Multicomponent Exercise Program on Groups of Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Low Schooling: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Neildja Maria da Silva, Monalisa Silva de França, Dellis Kariny Freitas Holanda de Almeida, Evelin Suyany Guedes de Lima, Vinícius Hugley Brito Dos Santos, João Victor de Araújo Souza, Ana Rodriguez Larrad, Débora de Almeida Aloise, Núbia Maria Freire Vieira Lima","doi":"10.1155/2021/8829332","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/8829332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of a multicomponent exercise program on the physical and hemodynamic functions of community-dwelling older adults with low schooling levels in relation to simple multicomponent group exercises. Twenty-one older people were randomly assigned to two groups: G1 (<i>n</i> = 11) and G2 (<i>n</i> = 10); sixteen of whom completed the sixteen sessions over a six-week period, three times a week. During eight sessions, G1 performed adapted dual-task multicomponent exercises (strengthening, balance, and cognition) and G2 simple multicomponent exercises (strengthening and balance), and both groups engaged in eight additional sessions of simple multicomponent exercises. The dual-task multicomponent exercises exhibited similar effects to those of their simple multicomponent counterparts. The older adults from both groups improved mobility, frailty, static postural control, balance, and hemodynamic stability. The adapted program was beneficial to the community-dwelling older people with low schooling in the group intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging Research","volume":"2021 ","pages":"8829332"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8195653/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39119397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Definitions of Frailty in Qualitative Research: A Qualitative Systematic Review.","authors":"Deborah A Lekan,&nbsp;Susan K Collins,&nbsp;Audai A Hayajneh","doi":"10.1155/2021/6285058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6285058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this qualitative systematic review was to examine how frailty was conceptually and operationally defined for participant inclusion in qualitative research focused on the lived experience of frailty in community-living frail older adults. Search of six electronic databases, 1994-2019, yielded 25 studies. Data collection involved extracting the definition of frailty from the study aim, background, literature review, methods, and sampling strategy in each research study. Quality appraisal indicated that 13 studies (52%) demonstrated potential researcher bias based on insufficient information about participant recruitment, sampling, and relationship between the researcher and participant. Content analysis and concept mapping were applied for data synthesis. Although frailty was generally defined as a multidimensional, biopsychosocial construct with loss of resilience and vulnerability to adverse outcomes, most studies defined the study population based on older age and physical impairments derived from subjective assessment by the researcher, a healthcare professional, or a family member. However, 13 studies (52%) used objective or performance-based quantitative measures to classify participant frailty. There was no consistency across studies in standardized measures or objective assessment of frailty. Synthesis of the findings yielded four themes: Time, Vulnerability, Loss, and Relationships. The predominance of older age and physical limitations as defining characteristics of frailty raises questions about whether participants were frail, since many older adults at advanced age and with physical limitations are not frail. Lack of clear criteria to classify frailty and reliance on subjective assessment introduces the risk for bias, threatens the validity and interpretation of findings, and hinders transferability of findings to other contexts. Clear frailty inclusion and exclusion criteria and a standardized approach in the reporting of how frailty is conceptually and operationally defined in study abstracts and the methodology used is necessary to facilitate dissemination and development of metasynthesis studies that aggregate qualitative research findings that can be used to inform future research and applications in clinical practice to improve healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":14933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging Research","volume":"2021 ","pages":"6285058"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8189777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39023014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies to Locate Lost Persons with Dementia: A Case Study of Ontario First Responders.","authors":"N A Neubauer,&nbsp;A Miguel-Cruz,&nbsp;L Liu","doi":"10.1155/2021/5572764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5572764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Information on strategies and practices in the search of missing persons with dementia is inconsistent which creates challenges for first responders, such as police, when they choose appropriate search and rescue approaches. The purpose of this study was to describe current strategies among police services in Ontario. Telephone interviews with police were conducted. Questions included what strategies were used for locating missing persons living with dementia, and what gaps exist in search practices. Participants described they used high- and low-tech solutions in search and rescue. They identified gaps in education and awareness, proactive strategies, resources, and funding. Information collected from the interviews was used to develop a practice guideline for police in partnership with the Alzheimer Society of Ontario.</p>","PeriodicalId":14933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging Research","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5572764"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8140831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39068843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of Lower Extremity Muscle Power and Functional Performance in Healthy, Older Women.","authors":"Konstantina Katsoulis,&nbsp;Sunita Mathur,&nbsp;Catherine E Amara","doi":"10.1155/2021/8817231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8817231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evaluation of the long-term reliability of muscle power and functional performance tests in older, healthy adults is warranted since determining whether performance is consistent over longer durations is more relevant for intervention studies. <i>Objective</i>. To assess the long-term test-retest reliability of measures of muscle power and lower body functional performance in healthy, nonexercising, older women. <i>Methods</i>. Data were derived from a nonexercising control group (<i>n</i> = 18; age = 73.3 (3.4) years; height = 159.6 (7.7) cm; body mass = 69.5 (12.7) kg; BMI = 27.3 (4.8)) of a randomized controlled trial of muscle power training in older women. Participants underwent lower extremity muscle power (Biodex) and functional testing (Short Physical Performance Battery, gait speed, 30-second chair stands, stair climbing, and 400-meter walk) at week 0 (baseline), 9, and 15. <i>Results</i>. For the upper leg, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were very high for knee extension power (0.90-0.97) and high to very high for knee flexion power (0.83-0.96). For lower-leg power, ICCs were high to very high for plantar flexion and dorsiflexion (0.83-0.96). ICCs for functional performance were moderate to very high (0.64-0.93). Coefficient of variation of the typical error (CV_TE) was <10.5% for knee extension/flexion power, 9.9-20.0% for plantar flexion/dorsiflexion power, and 1.9-14.9% for functional performance. Knee extension power and stair climb power demonstrated the highest reliability for muscle power and function, respectively. Mean values did not change over time, with the exception of the chair stands (<i>p</i> < 0.05); however, these changes were not considered clinically meaningful. <i>Conclusions</i>. The current study provides evidence supporting the long-term reliability of performance assessments of muscle power and lower body functional capacity over a period of up to 15 weeks in healthy, older women.</p>","PeriodicalId":14933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging Research","volume":"2021 ","pages":"8817231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7904351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25453649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaps in Hospice and Palliative Care Research: A Scoping Review of the North American Literature.","authors":"Rebecca Antonacci, Carol Barrie, Sharon Baxter, Sarah Chaffey, Srini Chary, Pamela Grassau, Chad Hammond, Mehrnoush Mirhosseini, Raza M Mirza, Kate Murzin, Christopher A Klinger","doi":"10.1155/2020/3921245","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/3921245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The demand for hospice and palliative care is growing as a result of the increase of an aging population, which is most prominent in North America. Despite the importance of the topic and an increase in hospice and palliative care utilization, there still are gaps in research and evidence within the field.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine what gaps currently exist in hospice and palliative/end-of-life care research within the context of a North American setting to ensure that future directions are grounded in appropriate evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework, six peer-reviewed, and four grey electronic literature databases in healthcare and the social sciences were searched in mid-2019. 111 full-text articles were retrieved, with 25 articles and reports meeting the inclusion criteria. Major themes were identified through thematic context analysis: (1) clinical, (2) system access to care, (3) research methodology, and (4) caregiving-related research gaps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings include strategies for engaging stakeholder organizations and funding agencies, implications for other stakeholder groups such as clinicians and researchers, and highlight implications for policy (e.g., national framework discussion) and practice (e.g., healthcare provider education and training and public awareness).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reviewing and addressing targeted research gaps is essential to inform future directions in Canada and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":14933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging Research","volume":"2020 ","pages":"3921245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7661142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38623562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating Interleukin-6 (but Not Other Immune Mediators) Associates with Criteria for Fried's Frailty among Very Old Adults.","authors":"Gilberto Santos Morais Junior,&nbsp;Diego Ignacio Valenzuela Perez,&nbsp;Audrey Cecília Tonet-Furioso,&nbsp;Lucy Gomes,&nbsp;Karla Helena Coelho Vilaça,&nbsp;Vicente Paulo Alves,&nbsp;Clayton Franco Moraes,&nbsp;Otávio Toledo Nóbrega","doi":"10.1155/2020/6831791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6831791","url":null,"abstract":"Methods One hundred and sixty-one very old patients (aged ≥80 years) devoid of cognitive decline were eligible for analyses. Clinical and biochemical data along with physical and cognitive assessments encompassing dual-energy X-ray scans and hand dynamometry were adopted to investigate frailty criteria, while circulating immune mediators (IFNγ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα) were assessed using high-throughput flow cytometry. Results Preliminarily, IL-6 correlated positively with waist-to-hip ratio and C-reactive protein and negatively with glycemia. In analyses controlled for these factors, serum levels of IL-6 were comparatively augmented among the very old participants with reduced grip strength (OR = 3.299; 95% CI 1.08–6.09; p=0.032) and among those with slow walk speed (OR = 2.460; 95% CI 1.16–7.05; p=0.022). Conclusions Our study shows a strong negative correlation of IL-6 levels with Fried's frailty components of grip strength and walk speed in very old adults, regardless of confounding factors.","PeriodicalId":14933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging Research","volume":"2020 ","pages":"6831791"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/6831791","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38854575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loneliness Relates to Functional Mobility in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: The Look AHEAD Study.","authors":"Jeanne M McCaffery,&nbsp;Andrea Anderson,&nbsp;Mace Coday,&nbsp;Mark A Espeland,&nbsp;Amy A Gorin,&nbsp;Karen C Johnson,&nbsp;William C Knowler,&nbsp;Candice A Myers,&nbsp;W Jack Rejeski,&nbsp;Helmut O Steinberg,&nbsp;Andrew Steptoe,&nbsp;Rena R Wing","doi":"10.1155/2020/7543702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7543702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Little is known about the impact of loneliness on physical health among elderly individuals with diabetes. Here, we examined the relationship of loneliness with disability, objective physical function, and other health outcomes in older individuals with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data are drawn from the Look AHEAD study, a diverse cohort of individuals (ages 61-92) with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes measured 5-6 years after a 10-year weight loss randomized, controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Loneliness scores were significantly associated with greater disability symptoms and slower 4-meter gait speed (<i>ps</i> < 0.01). Loneliness did not differ across treatment arms. <i>Discussion</i>. Overall, these results extend prior findings relating loneliness to disability and decreased mobility to older individuals with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging Research","volume":"2020 ","pages":"7543702"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7543702","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38591221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Physical Activity between Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease and Healthy Subjects.","authors":"Sumiko Shiba,&nbsp;Akiko Shiba,&nbsp;Atsutoshi Hatada","doi":"10.1155/2020/5093528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5093528","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a significant prognostic marker of poor long-term survival due to limited physical activity associated with various functional problems, such as intermittent claudication. A physically active lifestyle has the potential to modify peripheral artery risk factors and promote general health. While low daily physical activity levels have been recognized in the population of PAD, the exact level has yet to be quantified due to lack of research. The aim of the present study was to compare physical activity level (PAL) and time spent at activities of different intensity levels between patients with PAD and healthy individuals. The study subjects were 10 patients with PAD and 10 age-matched healthy control subjects. We measured the time spent at light, moderate, or vigorous physical activity using triaxial accelerometer and calculated PAL. Intermittent claudication onset distance and maximum walking distance were defined as the distance walked at which the subject first reported leg pain and the distance at which the subject was unable to continue walking because of leg pain, respectively. Results Our results showed (i) lower PAL in patients with PAD compared with the controls; (ii) while there was no significant difference in the high-intensity activity between the two groups, the light- and moderate-intensity activities of the PAD group were significantly lower than the controls, the time spent at moderate-intensity activity was approximately 50% less; and (iii) among patients with PAD, low PAL did not correlate directly with intermittent claudication. Conclusions PAD patients limit the amount of their physical activity, especially light and moderate intensities. Our study highlights the importance of spending more time walking in daily life.","PeriodicalId":14933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging Research","volume":"2020 ","pages":"5093528"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/5093528","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38564341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Fall Risk Reduction Program Paired with a Transportation Program in an Underserved, Urban Minority Community: A Qualitative Evaluation\".","authors":"Thelma J Mielenz,&nbsp;Laura Durbin,&nbsp;Fern Hertzberg,&nbsp;Diana Noble-Hernandez,&nbsp;Julie A Sorensen","doi":"10.1155/2020/4721683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4721683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2019/2719290.].</p>","PeriodicalId":14933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging Research","volume":"2020 ","pages":"4721683"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2020-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/4721683","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38640776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Vitamin D with the TaqI Polymorphism of the VDR Gene in Older Women Attending the Basic Health Unit of the Federal District, DF (Brazil).","authors":"Renata de Souza Freitas,&nbsp;Caroline Ferreira Fratelli,&nbsp;Calliandra Maria de Souza Silva,&nbsp;Luciano Ramos de Lima,&nbsp;Marina Morato Stival,&nbsp;Izabel Cristina Rodrigues da Silva,&nbsp;Silvana Schwerz Funghetto","doi":"10.1155/2020/7145193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7145193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is accompanied by various functional modifications determined by their environment, lifestyle, nutrition, and genetics. Based on these factors, it is essential to verify the vitamin deficiency in the elderly population. Hypovitaminosis D is commonly present in human aging, increasing the chances of developing noncommunicable chronic diseases. The VDR gene TaqI polymorphism may modify the vitamin D metabolic pathway by altering the interaction between the vitamin D receptor and the active circulating vitamin D. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between serum vitamin D and biochemical and genetic factors, considering the TaqI polymorphism of the VDR gene, in an elderly population of the Federal District. The study was a descriptive, case-control, quantitative, and cross-sectional type and was conducted in two basic health units in the administrative region of Ceilândia, Federal District, DF, Brazil, with women aged 60 years or older. Anthropometric, biochemical, and genetic parameters (VDR TaqI polymorphism) were evaluated. The adopted significance level was 5%, and statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS version 20.0 program. The study consisted of 128 participants. The most prevalent age was from 60 to 65 years (<i>N</i> = 53; 41.4%). 66 elderly (51.6%) were part of the case group (hypovitaminosis D), while 62 were in the control group. In the case group, 30.2% had grade I obesity, 77.3% were hypertensive, and 51.5% were diabetic. The TT genotype was present in 47% of the case group and 54.8% in the control group (<i>p</i>=0.667). There was no association between serum vitamin D levels and the VDR gene variant TaqI polymorphism in an elderly Brazilian population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aging Research","volume":"2020 ","pages":"7145193"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7145193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38470013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}