Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Effects of hypoxia stress on the milk synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells","authors":"Yanshan Jin, Zhuolin Liu, Ziyan Yang, Lizhu Fang, Feng-Qi Zhao, Hongyun Liu","doi":"10.1186/s40104-025-01174-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01174-0","url":null,"abstract":"Milk synthesis is an energy-intensive process influenced by oxygen availability. This study investigates how hypoxia affects milk synthesis in BMECs, focusing on key genes involved in lactation and energy metabolism. BMECs were cultured in a normoxic environment and then transferred to a hypoxia chamber with 1% O2 for specified durations. The study evaluated cellular responses through various molecular experiments and RNA sequencing. Small interfering RNA was employed to knock down HIF-1α to investigate whether the lactation-related phenotype alteration depends on HIF-1α. Hypoxia disrupted milk protein production by reducing mTOR/P70S6K/4EBP1 signaling and downregulating genes critical for amino acid transport and protein synthesis. Triglyceride synthesis increased due to enhanced fatty acid uptake and the upregulation of regulatory proteins, including FASN and PPARγ. Although glucose uptake was elevated under hypoxia, key enzymes for lactose synthesis were downregulated, suggesting a redirection of glucose toward energy production. Mitochondrial function was impaired under hypoxia, with reduced gene expression in TCA cycle, ETC, cytosol-mitochondrial transport, decreased ATP levels, increased ROS levels, and structural alterations. Additionally, lipid synthesis and glucose uptake depend on HIF-1α, while milk protein synthesis alterations occurred independently of HIF-1α. Hypoxia alters milk synthesis in BMECs by disrupting milk protein synthesis, enhancing lipid metabolism, and impairing energy production. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of oxygen deprivation on lactation efficiency, offering potential targets for mitigating hypoxic stress in the mammary glands of dairy animals.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive characterization of lncRNA N6-methyladenosine modification dynamics throughout bovine skeletal muscle development","authors":"Cui Mao, Wei You, Yuta Yang, Haijian Cheng, Xin Hu, Xianyong Lan, Enliang Song","doi":"10.1186/s40104-025-01164-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01164-2","url":null,"abstract":"N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is a key epigenetic modification that can modulate gene expression and strongly affect mammalian developmental processes. However, the genome-wide methylation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and its implications for the development of skeletal muscle remain poorly understood. Bovine skeletal muscle samples from five developmental stages were analyzed in this study to establish lncRNA methylome and transcriptomic maps. Globally, 59.67% of lncRNAs in skeletal muscle with m6A modifications, and this percentage decreased progressively during development. lncRNA expression levels were positively associated with the number of m6A peaks, with lncRNAs possessing 3 or more peaks showing significantly higher expression levels than those with 1 or 2 peaks. Specific lncRNAs involved in skeletal muscle development were identified through two analytical approaches. The first approach employed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of transcriptomic data to identify correlations between annotated lncRNAs and growth-related traits, resulting in 21 candidate hub lncRNAs. The intersection of these 21 hub lncRNAs with 151 differentially methylated lncRNAs (DM-lncRNAs) identified 10 shared candidate lncRNAs. The second approach integrated MeRIP-seq and RNA-seq data to identify 36 lncRNAs that were both differentially m6A modified and differentially expressed (dme-lncRNAs). GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of cis-target genes associated with these dme-lncRNAs identified eight candidate lncRNAs. Combining the results from the two approaches identified 16 key m6A-modified lncRNAs likely involved in skeletal muscle development. These findings highlight the regulatory and functional significance of dynamic lncRNA methylation in skeletal muscle development.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial PGAM5 modulates methionine metabolism and feather follicle development by targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in broiler chickens","authors":"Sheng Zhang, Yijun Chen, Yaxue Lv, Yuqing Feng, Chunqi Gao","doi":"10.1186/s40104-025-01176-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01176-y","url":null,"abstract":"Poor feather growth not only affects the appearance of the organism but also decreases the feed efficiency. Methionine (Met) is an essential amino acid required for feather follicle development; yet the exact mechanism involved remains insufficiently understood. A total of 180 1-day-old broilers were selected and randomly divided into 3 treatments: control group (0.45% Met), Met-deficiency group (0.25% Met), and Met-rescue group (0.45% Met in the pre-trial period and 0.25% Met in the post-trial period). The experimental period lasted for 56 d, with a pre-trial period of 1–28 d and a post-trial period of 29–56 d. In addition, Met-deficiency and Met-rescue models were constructed in feather follicle epidermal stem cell by controlling the supply of Met in the culture medium. Dietary Met-deficiency significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the ADG, ADFI and F/G, and inhibited feather follicle development. Met supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) improved growth performance and the feather growth in broilers. Met-rescue may promote feather growth in broilers by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (GSK-3β, CK1, Axin1, β-catenin, Active β-catenin, TCF4, and Cyclin D1). Compared with Met-deficiency group, Met-rescue significantly (P < 0.05) increased the activity of feather follicle epidermal stem cell and mitochondrial membrane potential, activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and decreased the content of reactive oxygen species (P < 0.05). CO-IP confirmed that mitochondrial protein PGAM5 interacted with Axin1, the scaffold protein of the disruption complex of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and directly mediated Met regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and feather follicle development. PGAM5 binding to Axin1 mediates the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and promotes feather follicle development and feather growth of broiler chickens through Met supplementation. These results provide theoretical support for the improvement of economic value and production efficiency of broiler chickens.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional validation to explore the protective role of miR-223 in Staphylococcus aureus-induced bovine mastitis","authors":"Xueqin Liu, Siyuan Mi, Gerile Dari, Siqian Chen, Jiuzhou Song, David E. MacHugh, Ying Yu","doi":"10.1186/s40104-025-01152-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01152-6","url":null,"abstract":"Mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most intractable problems for the dairy industry, causing significantly reduced milk yields and early slaughter of cows worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and studies in recent years have shown the importance of miRNA-associated gene regulation in S. aureus-induced mastitis. In this study, to investigate the role of miR-223 in mastitis, we performed experiments to overexpress and suppress miR-223 in an immortalized bovine mammary epithelial cell line (MAC-T) infected with S. aureus. Overexpression of miR-223 in MAC-T cells repressed cell apoptosis and necrosis induced by S. aureus infection, whereas suppression of miR-223 had the opposite effect. Transcriptome expression profiling with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) showed that miR-223 affects apoptosis and inflammation-related pathways. Furthermore, differentially expressed (DE) genes were evaluated, and genes exhibiting contrasting expression trends in the miR-223 overexpressed and suppressed groups were assessed as potential target genes of miR-223. Potential target genes, including CDC25B, PTPRF, DCTN1, and DPP9, were observed to be associated with apoptosis and necroptosis. Finally, through integrative analysis of genome-wide association study (GWAS) data and the animal quantitative trait loci (QTL) database, we determined that target genes of miR-223 were significantly enriched in single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and QTLs related to somatic cell count (SCC) and mastitis. In summary, miR-223 has an inhibitory effect on S. aureus-induced cell apoptosis and necrosis by regulating PTPRF, DCTN1, and DPP9. These genes were significantly enriched in QTL regions associated with bovine mastitis resistance, underscoring their relevance in genetic regulation of disease resilience. Our findings provide critical genetic markers for enhancing mastitis resistance, particularly S. aureus-induced mastitis, through selective breeding. This work offers valuable insights for developing cattle with improved resistance to mastitis via targeted genetic selection.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide landscape of genetic diversity, runs of homozygosity, and runs of heterozygosity in five Alpine and Mediterranean goat breeds","authors":"Sara Pegolo, Vittoria Bisutti, Lucio Flavio Macedo Mota, Alessio Cecchinato, Nicolò Amalfitano, Maria Luisa Dettori, Michele Pazzola, Giuseppe Massimo Vacca, Giovanni Bittante","doi":"10.1186/s40104-025-01155-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01155-3","url":null,"abstract":"Goat breeds in the Alpine area and Mediterranean basin exhibit a unique genetic heritage shaped by centuries of selection and adaptability to harsh environments. Understanding their adaptive traits can aid breeding programs target enhanced resilience and productivity, especially as we are facing important climate and agriculture challenges. To this aim the genomic architecture of 480 goats belonging to five breeds (i.e., Saanen [SAA], Camosciata delle Alpi [CAM], Murciano-Granadina [MUR], Maltese [MAL], Sarda [SAR]) reared in the Sardinia Island were genotyped and their genomic architecture evaluated to find molecular basis of adaptive traits. Inbreeding, runs of homozygosity (ROH) and runs of heterozygosity (ROHet) were identified. Finally, candidate genes in the ROH and ROHet regions were explored through a pathway analysis to assess their molecular role. In total, we detected 10,341 ROH in the SAA genome, 11,063 ROH in the CAM genome, 12,250 ROH in the MUR genome, 8,939 ROH in the MAL genome, and 18,441 ROH in the SAR genome. Moreover, we identified 4,087 ROHet for SAA, 3,360 for CAM, 2,927 for MUR, 3,701 for MAL, and 3,576 for SAR, with SAR having the highest heterozygosity coefficient. Interestingly, when computing the inbreeding coefficient using homozygous segment (FROH), SAA showed the lowest value while MAL the highest one, suggesting the need to improve selecting strategies to preserve genetic diversity within the population. Among the most significant candidate genes, we identified several ones linked to different physiological functions, such as milk production (e.g., DGAT1, B4GALT1), immunity (GABARAP, GPS2) and adaptation to environment (e.g., GJA3, GJB2 and GJB6). This study highlighted the genetic diversity within and among five goat breeds. The high levels of ROH identified in some breeds might indicate high levels of inbreeding and a lack in genetic variation, which might negatively impact the animal population. Conversely, high levels of ROHet might indicate regions of the genetic diversity, beneficial for breed health and resilience. Therefore, these findings could aid breeding programs in managing inbreeding and preserving genetic diversity.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ruminal-buccal microbiota transmission and their diagnostic roles in subacute rumen acidosis in dairy goats","authors":"Tao Liu, Jingyi Xu, Xiaodong Chen, Jianrong Ren, Jinhui He, Yue Wang, Yangchun Cao, Le Luo Guan, Junhu Yao, Shengru Wu","doi":"10.1186/s40104-025-01162-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01162-4","url":null,"abstract":"Subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) is a common metabolic disorder in ruminants that disrupts the rumen microbiome and animal health, but diagnosis is challenging due to subtle symptoms and invasive testing requirements. This study explores the potential of the buccal (oral) microbiome as a diagnostic indicator for SARA, hypothesizing an interaction with the rumen microbiome. The study involved 47 dairy goats, including 11 on a control diet and 36 on high-concentrate diets with increasing rumen-degradable starch. Animals were grouped based on dietary exposure and ruminal pH: Control, Low-RDS Tolerance/SARA (LRDST/LRDSS), and High-RDS Tolerance/SARA (HRDST/HRDSS). Transcriptomics of rumen epithelium showed heightened inflammatory pathway gene expression in SARA-susceptible goats compared to controls and tolerant groups. Alpha diversity of ruminal bacteria showed lower Shannon diversity in HRDSS goats compared to HRDST whereas buccal bacteria displayed significantly lower Chao1 diversity in LRDSS goats compared to HRDST. Beta diversity analyses revealed distinct patterns between SARA-affected goats and healthy controls in both ruminal and buccal microbiomes. Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 emerged as a candidate biomarker, with reduced abundance in SARA-susceptible goats in both rumen and buccal samples. Machine learning classifiers achieved high accuracy in distinguishing SARA-susceptible goats using this genus (rumen AUC = 0.807; buccal AUC = 0.779). Source tracking analysis illustrated diminished cross-population of bacteria from the buccal to rumen (2.86% to 0.25%) and vice versa (8.59% to 1.17%), signifying compromised microbial interchange in SARA-affected goats. A microbiota transplant experiment verified SARA microbiota's ability to induce pH decline, escalate inflammation-related gene expression (MAPK10, IL17B, FOSB, SPP1), disrupt microbial transfer, and reduce Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 in recipients. Our findings highlight SARA’s dual impact on ruminal and buccal microbiota, exacerbating epithelial inflammation gene expression. Shifts in the buccal microbiome, specifically reductions in Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, mirror ruminal changes and can be influenced by inter-compartmental bacterial transmission, thereby offering a non-invasive diagnostic approach for SARA.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of creatine on fetal development in gilts at d 60 and d 90 of gestation","authors":"Arianna N. Lopez, Maddison A. Olivarez, Claire Stenhouse, Robyn M. Moses, Makenzie G. Newton, Nirvay Sah, Heewon Seo, Joseph Cain, Carli Lefevre, Alexandria Ross, Patrick Ryan, Jeffrey G. Wiegert, Guoyao Wu, Gregory A. Johnson, Fuller W. Bazer","doi":"10.1186/s40104-025-01166-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01166-0","url":null,"abstract":"The creatine-creatine kinase-phosphocreatine (Cr-CK-PCr) system maintains intracellular ratios of ATP/ADP for support of cellular functions and has been characterized at the placental-uterine interface of rodents, primates, swine and sheep, and thus may support fetal development. This study determined effects of dietary supplementation of creatine (Cr) to gestating gilts on fetal development, the number and ratio of primary and secondary muscle fibers, and on protein expression in endometrium and fetal biceps-femoris muscle, respectively in fetal pigs on d 60 and d 90 of gestation. Reproductively mature gilts were synchronized to estrus using Matrix, observed for estrus (d 0), and artificially inseminated 12 h and 36 h later. Gilts were individually housed and fed 0.86 kg of 14% crude protein diet twice daily that meets nutritional requirements for pregnant gilts. Gilts were assigned to either basal diet control (CON) group, or Cr supplemented group (provided 30 g Cr monohydrate daily) from d 10 to either d 60 or d 90 of gestation. Gilts were euthanized and hysterectomized on either d 60 or d 90 of gestation. These protocols were completed in two replicates, as gilts were bred in spring and euthanized in summer or bred in fall and euthanized in winter (n = 20 gilts/replicate). Litter size, crown-rump length, sex, and fetal weight was recorded. Three female and male fetuses closest to mean litter weight were selected to assess effects of treatment on weight of fetal brain, kidney, liver, spleen, and biceps-femoris muscle. Data were analyzed to determine effects of treatment, days of gestation, replicate, and sex on litter size, fetal measurements, and incidence of intrauterine growth restriction. Dietary Cr supplementation increased fetal brain weight to body weight ratios on d 90 of gestation (P < 0.05) and fetal kidney weight to body weight ratios on d 60 of gestation (P < 0.01), while days of gestation had significant effect on expression of mitochondrial CK isoform in gilt endometria (P $$<$$ 0.05). Results suggest that dietary supplementation of Cr in gestating gilts enhanced development of select fetal organs and contribute to understanding roles of the Cr-CK-PCr system in pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of partially defatted black soldier fly larvae meal on coccidia-infected chickens: effects on growth performance, intestinal health, and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations","authors":"Jing Yuan, Kolapo M. Ajuwon, Olayiwola Adeola","doi":"10.1186/s40104-025-01167-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01167-z","url":null,"abstract":"Black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) stands out as a promising nutritional resource due to its rich bioactive substances and favorable protein profile. Nonetheless, its potential to mitigate coccidia infection in broilers remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of partially defatted BSFLM (pBSFLM) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal health, focusing on morphology, immunology, and cecal fermentation in coccidia-infected broilers. Over the initial 13 d, 480 newly-hatched Cobb 500 male birds were allocated to three diets with increasing pBSFLM concentrations (0, 60, or 120 g/kg). At d 13 post hatching, chicks within each dietary group were further allotted to non-challenge or challenge subsets, generating six treatments in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Challenged birds were orally administered oocysts of E. maxima, E. acervulina, and E. tenella (25,000:125,000:25,000). During the infection phase (d 13 to 19), linear interactions between Eimeria and pBSFLM were observed in gain to feed ratio (G:F) (P < 0.05) and cecal interferon-γ (IFN-γ, P < 0.05), with a tendency in cecal acetate concentration (P = 0.06). A quadratic interaction was observed in crypt depth (CD, P < 0.05). Incremental pBSFLM inclusion negatively affected G:F, CD, IFN-γ, and acetate productions in the ceca under coccidia challenge. Conversely in non-challenged birds, the impact of pBSFLM varied from neutral (e.g. G:F) to potentially advantageous (e.g. acetate). Challenged birds exhibited decreased (P < 0.01) BW, BW gain, feed intake (FI), and the apparent ileal digestibility and total tract nutrient utilization of DM, gross energy, and nitrogen (N). Eimeria challenge reduced (P < 0.01) serum carotenoid concentrations, decreased the villus height to crypt depth ratio (VH:CD, P < 0.01), and increased concentrations of branched-chain fatty acids, specifically isobutyrate (P = 0.059) and isovalerate (P < 0.05) in the cecum. Dietary pBSFLM addition linearly reduced (P < 0.05) BW, FI, and N utilization. Tendencies (P < 0.06) were observed where pBSFLM linearly decreased VH:CD and reduced goblet cell density. Increasing pBSFLM supplementation, particularly at 12%, adversely affected growth, ileal morphology, cecal acetate production, and downregulated key cytokine expression in response to coccidia infection.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The multifaceted role of ferroptosis in infection and injury and its nutritional regulation in pigs","authors":"Bei Zhou, Junjie Guo, Kan Xiao, Yulan Liu","doi":"10.1186/s40104-025-01165-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01165-1","url":null,"abstract":"Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death (RCD) characterized by iron overload and excessive lipid peroxidation. To date, numerous studies in human and mouse models have shown that ferroptosis is closely related to tissue damage and various diseases. In recent years, ferroptosis has also been found to play an indispensable and multifaceted role in infection and tissue injury in pigs, and nutritional regulation strategies targeting ferroptosis show great potential. In this review, we summarize the research progress of ferroptosis and its role in infection and tissue injury in pigs. Furthermore, we discuss the existing evidence on ferroptosis regulation by nutrients, aiming to provide valuable insights for future investigation into ferroptosis in pigs and offer a novel perspective for the treatment of infection and injury in pigs.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malic enzyme 3 mediated the effects of malic acid on intestinal redox status and feed efficiency in broilers","authors":"Hongfeng Jiang, Genghui Li, Xue Yang, Xiaohua Feng, Penglin Li, Huisi Yang, Demin Cai, Qingyan Jiang, Gang Shu","doi":"10.1186/s40104-025-01163-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01163-3","url":null,"abstract":"Intestinal oxidative stress serves as an endogenous host defense against the gut microbiota by increasing energy expenditure and therefore decreasing feed efficiency (FE). Several systems coordinately regulate redox balance, including the mitochondrial respiratory chain, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, and different antioxidants. However, it remains unclear which redox balance compartments in the intestine are crucial for determining FE. In this study, we first screened the key targets of different metabolites and redox balance-related gene expression in broiler ceca. We then constructed a mouse colitis model to explore malic acid (MA) ability to alleviate intestinal inflammation. We further used controlled release technology to coat MA and investigated its effects on the intestinal redox status and FE in vivo. Finally, we examined the underlying mechanism by which MA modulated redox status using a porcine intestinal epithelial cell jejunum 2 (IPEC-J2) cell model in vitro. Our results demonstrated that the MA/malic enzyme 3 (ME3) pathway may play an important role in reducing oxidative stress in the broiler cecum. In addition, colon infusion of MA attenuated inflammatory phenotypes in the dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) induced mouse colitis model. Then, dietary supplementation with controlled-release MA pellet (MAP) reduced the feed to gain (F/G) ratio and promoted chicken growth, with reduced oxidative stress and increased bacterial diversity. Finally, the in vitro IPEC-J2 cell model revealed that ME3 mediated the effect of MA on cellular oxidative stress. In summary, our study firstly revealed the important role of the MA/ME3 system in the hindgut of broiler chickens for improving intestinal health and FE, which may also be crucial for the implications of colon inflammation associated diseases.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}