Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Improving the nutritional values of yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae as an animal feed ingredient: a review","authors":"Linggawastu Syahrulawal, Magnhild Oust Torske, Rumakanta Sapkota, Geir Næss, Prabhat Khanal","doi":"10.1186/s40104-023-00945-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-023-00945-x","url":null,"abstract":"Yellow mealworm larvae (YML; Tenebrio molitor) are considered as a valuable insect species for animal feed due to their high nutritional values and ability to grow under different substrates and rearing conditions. Advances in the understanding of entomophagy and animal nutrition over the past decades have propelled research areas toward testing multiple aspects of YML to exploit them better as animal feed sources. This review aims to summarize various approaches that could be exploited to maximize the nutritional values of YML as an animal feed ingredient. In addition, YML has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial or bioactive agent to improve animal health and immune function in production animals. The dynamics of the nutritional profile of YML can be influenced by multiple factors and should be taken into account when attempting to optimize the nutrient contents of YML as an animal feed ingredient. Specifically, the use of novel land-based and aquatic feeding resources, probiotics, and the exploitation of larval gut microbiomes as novel strategies can assist to maximize the nutritional potential of YML. Selection of relevant feed supplies, optimization of ambient conditions, the introduction of novel genetic selection procedures, and implementation of effective post-harvest processing may be required in the future to commercialize mealworm production. Furthermore, the use of appropriate agricultural practices and technological improvements within the mealworm production sector should be aimed at achieving both economic and environmental sustainability. The issues highlighted in this review could pave the way for future approaches to improve the nutritional value of YML.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":" 993","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138475673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into genetic diversity and phenotypic variations in domestic geese through comprehensive population and pan-genome analysis","authors":"Guangliang Gao, Hongmei Zhang, Jiangping Ni, Xianzhi Zhao, Keshan Zhang, Jian Wang, Xiangdong Kong, Qigui Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40104-023-00944-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-023-00944-y","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic goose breeds are descended from either the Swan goose (Anser cygnoides) or the Greylag goose (Anser anser), exhibiting variations in body size, reproductive performance, egg production, feather color, and other phenotypic traits. Constructing a pan-genome facilitates a thorough identification of genetic variations, thereby deepening our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic diversity and phenotypic variability. To comprehensively facilitate population genomic and pan-genomic analyses in geese, we embarked on the task of 659 geese whole genome resequencing data and compiling a database of 155 RNA-seq samples. By constructing the pan-genome for geese, we generated non-reference contigs totaling 612 Mb, unveiling a collection of 2,813 novel genes and pinpointing 15,567 core genes, 1,324 softcore genes, 2,734 shell genes, and 878 cloud genes in goose genomes. Furthermore, we detected an 81.97 Mb genomic region showing signs of genome selection, encompassing the TGFBR2 gene correlated with variations in body weight among geese. Genome-wide association studies utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and presence-absence variation revealed significant genomic associations with various goose meat quality, reproductive, and body composition traits. For instance, a gene encoding the SVEP1 protein was linked to carcass oblique length, and a distinct gene-CDS haplotype of the SVEP1 gene exhibited an association with carcass oblique length. Notably, the pan-genome analysis revealed enrichment of variable genes in the “hair follicle maturation” Gene Ontology term, potentially linked to the selection of feather-related traits in geese. A gene presence-absence variation analysis suggested a reduced frequency of genes associated with “regulation of heart contraction” in domesticated geese compared to their wild counterparts. Our study provided novel insights into gene expression features and functions by integrating gene expression patterns across multiple organs and tissues in geese and analyzing population variation. This accomplishment originates from the discernment of a multitude of selection signals and candidate genes associated with a wide array of traits, thereby markedly enhancing our understanding of the processes underlying domestication and breeding in geese. Moreover, assembling the pan-genome for geese has yielded a comprehensive apprehension of the goose genome, establishing it as an indispensable asset poised to offer innovative viewpoints and make substantial contributions to future geese breeding initiatives.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138432838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Maternal supply of cysteamine alleviates oxidative stress and enhances angiogenesis in porcine placenta","authors":"Shuangbo Huang, Zifang Wu, Zihao Huang, Xiangyu Hao, Longmiao Zhang, Chengjun Hu, Jianfu Wei, Jinping Deng, Chengquan Tan","doi":"10.1186/s40104-023-00955-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-023-00955-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000<b>Correction: J Anim Sci Biotechnol 12, 91 (2021)</b>\u0000</p><p>\u0000<b>https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-021-00609-8</b>\u0000</p><p>Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported the images for the 2 mmol/L CS group of the trans-well assay panel in Fig. 8C was incorrectly presented. This error does not affect the conclusion of the study. The correct Fig. 8 should read:</p><figure><figcaption><b data-test=\"figure-caption-text\">Fig. 8</b></figcaption><picture><source srcset=\"//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs40104-023-00955-9/MediaObjects/40104_2023_955_Fig1_HTML.png?as=webp\" type=\"image/webp\"/><img alt=\"figure 1\" aria-describedby=\"Fig1\" height=\"715\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs40104-023-00955-9/MediaObjects/40104_2023_955_Fig1_HTML.png\" width=\"685\"/></picture><p>Cysteamine (CS) pretreatment attenuates the effects of H₂O₂ on angiogenesis. <b>A</b>, <b>E</b> The levels of ROS. PVECs were pretreated with various concentrations of CS (0.5, 1 or 2 mmol/L) for 2 h and then treated with 200 μmol/L H₂O₂ for 24 h (<i>n</i> = 6; bar = 100 μm). <b>B</b>, <b>F</b> Scratch healing assay of migratory distance. PVECs were pretreated with various concentrations of CS (0.5, 1 or 2 mmol/L) for 2 h and then treated with 200 μmol/L H₂O₂ for 24 h (<i>n</i> = 3; bar = 500 μm). <b>C</b>, <b>G</b> Trans-well migration assay of the migratory number of PVECs. After different treatments as described above, PVECs were added to the upper chamber of a trans-well and incubated for 48 h, followed by quantifying PVECs that invaded through the chamber (<i>n</i> = 3; bar = 500 μm). <b>D</b>, <b>H</b> Representative images of tube formation of PVECs after different treatments as described above (<i>n</i> = 5; bar = 100 μm). I CCK8 assay was used to measure cell viability after different treatments as described above (<i>n</i> = 6). Data are presented as mean ± SEM (<i>n</i> = 3). Different letters indicate significant differences at <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05</p><span>Full size image</span><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" role=\"img\" width=\"16\"><use xlink:href=\"#icon-eds-i-chevron-right-small\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"></use></svg></figure><p>The original article [1] has been updated.</p><ol data-track-component=\"outbound reference\"><li data-counter=\"1.\"><p>Huang S, Wu Z, Huang Z, et al. Maternal supply of cysteamine alleviates oxidative stress and enhances angiogenesis in porcine placenta. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2021;12:91. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-021-00609-8.</p><p>Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar </p></li></ol><p>Download references<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" role=\"img\" width=\"16\"><use xlink:href=\"#icon-eds-i-download-medium\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"></use></svg></p><h3>Authors and Affiliations</h3><ol><","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"24 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138432837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell sequencing reveals the reproductive variations between primiparous and multiparous Hu ewes","authors":"Ting Ge, Yifan Wen, Bo Li, Xiaoyu Huang, Shaohua Jiang, Enping Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s40104-023-00941-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-023-00941-1","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern sheep production systems, the reproductive performance of ewes determines the economic profitability of farming. Revealing the genetic mechanisms underlying differences in the litter size is important for the selection and breeding of highly prolific ewes. Hu sheep, a high-quality Chinese sheep breed, is known for its high fecundity and is often used as a model to study prolificacy traits. In the current study, animals were divided into two groups according to their delivery rates in three consecutive lambing seasons (namely, the high and low reproductive groups with ≥ 3 lambs and one lamb per season, n = 3, respectively). The ewes were slaughtered within 12 h of estrus, and unilateral ovarian tissues were collected and analyzed by 10× Genomics single-cell RNA sequencing. A total of 5 types of somatic cells were identified and corresponding expression profiles were mapped in the ovaries of each group. Noticeably, the differences in the ovary somatic cell expression profiles between the high and low reproductive groups were mainly clustered in the granulosa cells. Furthermore, four granulosa cell subtypes were identified. GeneSwitches analysis revealed that the abundance of JPH1 expression and the reduction of LOC101112291 expression could lead to different evolutionary directions of the granulosa cells. Additionally, the expression levels of FTH1 and FTL in mural granulosa cells of the highly reproductive group were significantly higher. These genes inhibit necroptosis and ferroptosis of mural granulosa cells, which helps prevent follicular atresia. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the high fecundity of Hu sheep. The differences in gene expression profiles, particularly in the granulosa cells, suggest that these cells play a critical role in female prolificacy. The findings also highlight the importance of genes such as JPH1, LOC101112291, FTH1, and FTL in regulating granulosa cell function and follicular development.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"58 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92158480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition, function, and timing: exploring the early-life gut microbiota in piglets for probiotic interventions","authors":"Jianping Quan, Cineng Xu, Donglin Ruan, Yong Ye, Yibin Qiu, Jie Wu, Shenping Zhou, Menghao Luan, Xiang Zhao, Yue Chen, Danyang Lin, Ying Sun, Jifei Yang, Enqin Zheng, Gengyuan Cai, Zhenfang Wu, Jie Yang","doi":"10.1186/s40104-023-00943-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-023-00943-z","url":null,"abstract":"The establishment of a robust gut microbiota in piglets during their early developmental stage holds the potential for long-term advantageous effects. However, the optimal timeframe for introducing probiotics to achieve this outcome remains uncertain. In the context of this investigation, we conducted a longitudinal assessment of the fecal microbiota of 63 piglets at three distinct pre-weaning time points. Simultaneously, we gathered vaginal and fecal samples from 23 sows. Employing 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing methodologies, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the fluctuation patterns in microbial composition, functional capacity, interaction networks, and colonization resistance within the gut microbiota of piglets. As the piglets progressed in age, discernible modifications in intestinal microbial diversity, composition, and function were observed. A source-tracking analysis unveiled the pivotal role of fecal and vaginal microbiota derived from sows in populating the gut microbiota of neonatal piglets. By D21, the microbial interaction network displayed a more concise and efficient configuration, accompanied by enhanced colonization resistance relative to the other two time points. Moreover, we identified three strains of Ruminococcus sp. at D10 as potential candidates for improving piglets' weight gain during the weaning phase. The findings of this study propose that D10 represents the most opportune juncture for the introduction of external probiotic interventions during the early stages of piglet development. This investigation augments our comprehension of the microbiota dynamics in early-life of piglets and offers valuable insights for guiding forthcoming probiotic interventions.","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91398624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms underlying the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the placental injury and fetal growth restriction in an ovine gestation model.","authors":"Hao Zhang, Xia Zha, Yi Zheng, Xiaoyun Liu, Mabrouk Elsabagh, Hongrong Wang, Honghua Jiang, Mengzhi Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40104-023-00919-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-023-00919-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental pollutant known for its endocrine-disrupting properties, during gestation has been reported to increase the risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR) in an ovine model of pregnancy. We hypothesized that the FGR results from the BPA-induced insufficiency and barrier dysfunction of the placenta, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). However, precise mechanisms underlying the BPA-induced placental dysfunction, and subsequently, FGR, as well as the potential involvement of placental ERS in these complications, remain to be investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In vivo experiment, 16 twin-pregnant (from d 40 to 130 of gestation) Hu ewes were randomly distributed into two groups (8 ewes each). One group served as a control and received corn oil once a day, whereas the other group received BPA (5 mg/kg/d as a subcutaneous injection). In vitro study, ovine trophoblast cells (OTCs) were exposed to 4 treatments, 6 replicates each. The OTCs were treated with 400 μmol/L BPA, 400 μmol/L BPA + 0.5 μg/mL tunicamycin (Tm; ERS activator), 400 μmol/L BPA + 1 μmol/L 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA; ERS antagonist) and DMEM/F12 complete medium (control), for 24 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In vivo experiments, pregnant Hu ewes receiving the BPA from 40 to 130 days of pregnancy experienced a decrease in placental efficiency, progesterone (P4) level and fetal weight, and an increase in placental estrogen (E2) level, together with barrier dysfunctions, OS, inflammatory responses, autophagy and ERS in type A cotyledons. In vitro experiment, the OTCs exposed to BPA for 24 h showed an increase in the E2 level and related protein and gene expressions of autophagy, ERS, pro-apoptosis and inflammatory response, and a decrease in the P4 level and the related protein and gene expressions of antioxidant, anti-apoptosis and barrier function. Moreover, treating the OTCs with Tm aggravated BPA-induced dysfunction of barrier and endocrine (the increased E2 level and decreased P4 level), OS, inflammatory responses, autophagy, and ERS. However, treating the OTCs with 4-PBA reversed the counteracted effects of Tm mentioned above.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In general, the results reveal that BPA exposure can cause ERS in the ovine placenta and OTCs, and ERS induction might aggravate BPA-induced dysfunction of the placental barrier and endocrine, OS, inflammatory responses, and autophagy. These data offer novel mechanistic insights into whether ERS is involved in BPA-mediated placental dysfunction and fetal development.</p>","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"14 1","pages":"117"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10494380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10211649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary supplementation of laminarin improves the reproductive performance of sows and the growth of suckling piglets.","authors":"Pengguang Zhang, Guoyuan Jiang, Chenghong Ma, Yubo Wang, Enfa Yan, Linjuan He, Jianxin Guo, Xin Zhang, Jingdong Yin","doi":"10.1186/s40104-023-00920-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-023-00920-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal nutrition is essential in keeping a highly efficient production system in the pig industry. Laminarin has been shown to improve antioxidant capacity, reduce the inflammatory response, and favor the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota. However, the effect of dietary supplementation of laminarin on the reproductive performance of sows and the growth of suckling offspring remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 40 Landrace × Yorkshire multiparous sows on d 85 of gestation, similar in age, body weight (BW), parity and reproductive performance, were randomly divided into four dietary treatments with 10 sows per treatment, receiving a control diet (basal pregnancy or lactating diets) and a basal diet supplemented with 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.10% laminarin, respectively. The experiment lasted from d 85 of gestation to d 21 of lactation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Laminarin supplementation linearly increased number born alive per litter (P = 0.03), average daily feed intake (ADFI, P < 0.01), and total milk yield of sows during the lactation of 1-21 d (P = 0.02). Furthermore, maternal laminarin supplementation increased the average daily gain (ADG) of piglets while tending to reduce the culling and death rate before weaning. In addition, alterations to the composition of colostrum and milk, as well as to serum inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulins of sows were observed. The fecal microbiota profile of sows supported the improvement of reproductive performance in sows and the growth performance in suckling offspring.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dietary supplementation of laminarin during late pregnancy and lactation could significantly improve reproductive performance of sows and growth performance of piglets.</p>","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"14 1","pages":"114"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10493022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10211048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete observation data with an application to age at puberty in dairy cattle.","authors":"Melissa A Stephen, Chris R Burke, Jennie E Pryce, Nicole M Steele, Peter R Amer, Susanne Meier, Claire V C Phyn, Dorian J Garrick","doi":"10.1186/s40104-023-00921-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-023-00921-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many phenotypes in animal breeding are derived from incomplete measures, especially if they are challenging or expensive to measure precisely. Examples include time-dependent traits such as reproductive status, or lifespan. Incomplete measures for these traits result in phenotypes that are subject to left-, interval- and right-censoring, where phenotypes are only known to fall below an upper bound, between a lower and upper bound, or above a lower bound respectively. Here we compare three methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete data using age at first elevation (> 1 ng/mL) in blood plasma progesterone (AGEP4), which generally coincides with onset of puberty, as an example trait.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We produced AGEP4 phenotypes from three blood samples collected at about 30-day intervals from approximately 5,000 Holstein-Friesian or Holstein-Friesian × Jersey cross-bred dairy heifers managed in 54 seasonal-calving, pasture-based herds in New Zealand. We used these actual data to simulate 7 different visit scenarios, increasing the extent of censoring by disregarding data from one or two of the three visits. Three methods for deriving phenotypes from these data were explored: 1) ordinal categorical variables which were analysed using categorical threshold analysis; 2) continuous variables, with a penalty of 31 d assigned to right-censored phenotypes; and 3) continuous variables, sampled from within a lower and upper bound using a data augmentation approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Credibility intervals for heritability estimations overlapped across all methods and visit scenarios, but estimated heritabilities tended to be higher when left censoring was reduced. For sires with at least 5 daughters, the correlations between estimated breeding values (EBVs) from our three-visit scenario and each reduced data scenario varied by method, ranging from 0.65 to 0.95. The estimated breed effects also varied by method, but breed differences were smaller as phenotype censoring increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate that using some methods, phenotypes derived from one observation per offspring for a time-dependent trait such as AGEP4 may provide comparable sire rankings to three observations per offspring. This has implications for the design of large-scale phenotyping initiatives where animal breeders aim to estimate variance parameters and estimated breeding values (EBVs) for phenotypes that are challenging to measure or prohibitively expensive.</p>","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"14 1","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10492402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10208604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrins and their potential roles in mammalian pregnancy.","authors":"Gregory A Johnson, Robert C Burghardt, Fuller W Bazer, Heewon Seo, Joe W Cain","doi":"10.1186/s40104-023-00918-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-023-00918-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that, when expressed on the surface of cells, can mediate reciprocal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) that initiate many signaling functions both at the membrane and deeper within the cytoplasm to coordinate processes including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, survival, differentiation, and metabolism. All metazoan organisms possess integrins, and it is generally agreed that integrins were associated with the evolution of multicellularity, being essential for the association of cells with their neighbors and surroundings, during embryonic development and many aspects of cellular and molecular biology. Integrins have important roles in many aspects of embryonic development, normal physiology, and disease processes with a multitude of functions discovered and elucidated for integrins that directly influence many areas of biology and medicine, including mammalian pregnancy, in particular implantation of the blastocyst to the uterine wall, subsequent placentation and conceptus (embryo/fetus and associated placental membranes) development. This review provides a succinct overview of integrin structure, ligand binding, and signaling followed with a concise overview of embryonic development, implantation, and early placentation in pigs, sheep, humans, and mice as an example for rodents. A brief timeline of the initial localization of integrin subunits to the uterine luminal epithelium (LE) and conceptus trophoblast is then presented, followed by sequential summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs, sheep, humans, and rodents. As appropriate for this journal, summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs and sheep are in depth, whereas summaries for humans and rodents are brief. Because similar models to those illustrated in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are present throughout the scientific literature, the illustrations in this manuscript are drafted as Viking imagery for entertainment purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"14 1","pages":"115"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10486019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10197001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ochratoxin A induces abnormal tryptophan metabolism in the intestine and liver to activate AMPK signaling pathway.","authors":"Weiqing Ma, Yang Fu, Shanshan Zhu, Daiyang Xia, Shuangshuang Zhai, Deqin Xiao, Yongwen Zhu, Michel Dione, Lukuyu Ben, Lin Yang, Wence Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40104-023-00912-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-023-00912-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin widely present in raw food and feed materials and is mainly produced by Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium verrucosum. Our previous study showed that OTA principally induces liver inflammation by causing intestinal flora disorder, especially Bacteroides plebeius (B. plebeius) overgrowth. However, whether OTA or B. plebeius alteration leads to abnormal tryptophan-related metabolism in the intestine and liver is largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the metabolic changes in the intestine and liver induced by OTA and the tryptophan-related metabolic pathway in the liver.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 30 healthy 1-day-old male Cherry Valley ducks were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group was given 0.1 mol/L NaHCO₃ solution, and the OTA group was given 235 μg/kg body weight OTA for 14 consecutive days. Tryptophan metabolites were determined by intestinal chyme metabolomics and liver tryptophan-targeted metabolomics. AMPK-related signaling pathway factors were analyzed by Western blotting and mRNA expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Metabolomic analysis of the intestinal chyme showed that OTA treatment resulted in a decrease in intestinal nicotinuric acid levels, the downstream product of tryptophan metabolism, which were significantly negatively correlated with B. plebeius abundance. In contrast, OTA induced a significant increase in indole-3-acetamide levels, which were positively correlated with B. plebeius abundance. Simultaneously, OTA decreased the levels of ATP, NAD⁺ and dipeptidase in the liver. Liver tryptophan metabolomics analysis showed that OTA inhibited the kynurenine metabolic pathway and reduced the levels of kynurenine, anthranilic acid and nicotinic acid. Moreover, OTA increased the phosphorylation of AMPK protein and decreased the phosphorylation of mTOR protein.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OTA decreased the level of nicotinuric acid in the intestinal tract, which was negatively correlated with B. plebeius abundance. The abnormal metabolism of tryptophan led to a deficiency of NAD⁺ and ATP in the liver, which in turn activated the AMPK signaling pathway. Our results provide new insights into the toxic mechanism of OTA, and tryptophan metabolism might be a target for prevention and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"14 1","pages":"125"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10486098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10549516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}