Journal of Air Transport Management最新文献

{"title":"Ramp-up in the air: Impairing or repairing aviation crews’ working conditions? A mixed-methods survey study on working conditions, health, and safety among cabin crew and pilots in Europe","authors":"Filippa Folke,&nbsp;Marika Melin","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Organizational changes, such as downsizing, can have profound implications for organizations, working conditions, and individual well-being. Similarly, rapid expansion also carries potential risks to individual health. During the Covid-19 pandemic, airlines experienced substantial organizational changes, such as downsizing and furloughs, followed by rapid expansion during the ramp-up phase of flying, posing risks to the health and safety of aviation personnel in the new post-pandemic aviation landscape.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>This cross-sectional and mixed-method survey study aimed to identify what post-pandemic challenges pilots (N = 6379) and cabin crew (N = 2679) face regarding working conditions, health, and flight safety.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results indicate deteriorated working conditions, health, and perceived safety among crew in the new aviation landscape. One in two cabin crew and one in three pilots report a decline in mental health. Whilst most pilots and cabin crew report no change in overall safety, 29% of cabin crew and 36% of surveyed pilots state that safety has deteriorated since the onset of the pandemic. This development is connected to an increased sense of industry instability, job insecurity, imbalanced job design, and management distrust among aviation crew. Furthermore, the uncertainties surrounding the industry have not only impacted job security and induced job-related worry but have also intensified operational pressures, with perceived impacts on flight and passenger safety.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The organizational framework, e.g., financial pressures, may have an effect on safety, either directly or indirectly by financial worry impeding crew performance. Hence, safety cannot be examined in isolation from employee health but must be understood in relation to the complex dynamics and competing objectives within aviation. Further, crew experiences across Europe are largely homogeneous, suggesting that identified risks may not be airline specific. Therefore, it is important to further examine the industry framework for inherent risk factors that could impact employee health and flight safety.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102642"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969699724001078/pdfft?md5=b7964c058ac71ad6bb1438598fdc8a1a&pid=1-s2.0-S0969699724001078-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141606190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of DME network capability using combination of rule-based model and gradient boosting regression","authors":"Tereza Topkova ,&nbsp;Stanislav Pleninger ,&nbsp;Jakub Hospodka ,&nbsp;Jakub Kraus","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The future development of aeronautical navigation foresees an infrastructure rationalization of radionavigation aids with the aim of maintaining only the Minimum Operational Network, which brings benefits in terms of operational cost savings, promotes sustainability and optimal use of the radio spectrum. To ensure that the necessary navigation performance is preserved, the Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) plays a significant role, as DME/DME navigation is a short-term contingency solution when Global Navigation Satellite System is unavailable. Therefore, new DME ground stations are put into operation even though other navigation aids are being decommissioned at the same time. This paper addresses a question of possible DME network rationalization by developing a software model using a combination of a rule-based model, approximating of airborne DME interrogators interacting with DME ground transponders, with the implementation of the Gradient Boosting Regression to predict load of DME ground stations. The model is validated by comparing the results with the real load data obtained from an Air Navigation Service Provider. Several test cases are performed to evaluate the capability of the European DME network, simulating a reduction in the number of en-route DME stations and increases in air traffic using clustering methods. The results show that the ground station load limit was rarely reached, demonstrating the robustness and the potential for rationalization of the DME infrastructure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102637"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969699724001029/pdfft?md5=aebed64e6fea9015bb9fee0ae5067a18&pid=1-s2.0-S0969699724001029-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141607137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of the COVID-19 on the aircraft emissions from international routes from and to China","authors":"Ye Li,&nbsp;Jin-kun Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the civil aviation exchange between China and foreign countries. But few studies have focused on the effects of COVID-19 on aviation emissions. This paper seeks to calculate the emissions of six pollution (CO₂, CO, HC, NOx, SO₂, and PM2.5) from the international routes from and to China during 2019–2021 and discusses the impacts of COVID-19 on the emission change. The Modified BFFM2-FOA-FPM method is proposed to unify the CO₂ and non-CO₂ calculations. The error rate between the calculated results and the official data from Civil Aviation Administration of China is about 2.74%. The results show that the COVID-19 has resulted in a reduction in overall emissions of the international routes from and to China, but the intensity of the unit passenger turnover has increased, and the overall emissions of some airlines have increased. Moreover, compared with 2020, there is no apparent recovery of international routes from and to China in 2021.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102640"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of air travel shopping for non-aeronautical revenue streams: A cross-national empirical analysis","authors":"Suyang Li ,&nbsp;Jacek Pawlak ,&nbsp;Aruna Sivakumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic dealt a significantly heavy blow to the already competitive air travel industry. As air travel demand is recovering post-pandemic, both airports and airlines are seeking to establish a steady stream of non-aeronautical/ancillary revenues, especially retail, to aid financial recovery. However, a rigorous analysis of passengers' purchasing behaviour during the whole air travel process has been lacking to date. To investigate this matter, we analyse data from a cross-national survey administered in four multi-airport cities (London in the UK, New York City in the US, Shanghai in China, and Sao Paulo in Brazil) in 2020, asking about the respondent's most recent air trip before the pandemic. A Multiple Discrete-Continuous Extreme Value (MDCEV) model was estimated to jointly analyse the discrete decision (to purchase or not) and continuous aspect (of how much is spent) during three stages of travel: at the departure airport, in flight, and at the transfer airport (if applicable). Six hypotheses, about the stage of travel, product and service type, passenger attributes, context of travel, and presence of companions are postulated and examined empirically. The results demonstrate how such factors shape shopping decisions during different stages of travel. The modelling results point towards the need for better pre-flight product information and more tailored offers. Airport retail requires more flexibility in terms of locations, operating hours and channels (in-store, deliveries) to improve shopping convenience. Use of digital tools and passenger data can aid in realising retail revenue improvement. Proposed future research directions include a focus on the transfer airport (where most spending is observed), post-pandemic behaviour changes, the role of product and service attributes, use of non-survey data and environmental impacts of the evolution in air travel retail.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102638"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969699724001030/pdfft?md5=b3836e5506fa7f12e862d39d4f315e1b&pid=1-s2.0-S0969699724001030-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flight passes do stimulate consumers’ spending: A case study of China Eastern Airlines’ “Wild Your Weekends”","authors":"Zhi Dou,&nbsp;Volodymyr Bilotkach,&nbsp;Yi Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the effect of <em>Wild Your Weekends</em>, an “all-you-can-fly” flight pass program launched by China Eastern Airlines during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–2021. We leverage the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method to estimate the causal effect of the flight pass on travelers’ spending behavior based on observational data. To reduce confounding bias, the PSM method pairs flight pass holders with individuals who are very similar to them but did not purchase the flight pass and compares the expenditures of the two groups. This study is one of the few studies that directly addresses flight passes and lays the groundwork for understanding the socioeconomic effects of the flight pass. The results could not only help the airlines to understand the utility of flight passes for travelers, but also provide policymakers with guidance to make policies that sustainably promote travels to underdeveloped regions with the help of refined flight pass programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102635"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of global airlines incorporating sustainability objectives: A Malmquist-DEA approach","authors":"Augusto Voltes-Dorta ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Britto ,&nbsp;Bradley Wilson","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, airline managers are still expected to look beyond financial and operational metrics to include sustainability goals that address key environmental, social, and governance aspects of the airline business. While there is a considerable body of literature addressing airline efficiency in terms of environmental performance, studies that integrate the various dimensions of sustainability are notably scarce. This paper aims to fill this gap by estimating technical efficiency using a sample of 34 airline groups between 2019 and 2022, with a Malmquist-Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology that includes financial, operational, and sustainability scores (Environmental and Social). Our results show a productivity loss between 10% and 14% during the COVID-19 period, with a better performance once the carriers are credited for their sustainability achievements. Using a second-stage bootstrapped truncated regression, we confirm the positive impact of hubbing operations and also find significant differences across geographical regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102634"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modular vehicles can reduce greenhouse gas emissions for departure flight baggage transportation","authors":"Xiaowei Shi ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Li ,&nbsp;Xiaobo Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rapid and on-time baggage transportation plays a crucial role in ensuring customer satisfaction and is an important source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the aviation sector. Modular Vehicle (MV) is an emerging transportation technology that allows vehicles to adjust their capacity flexibly by assembling or disassembling identical detachable units. This innovative technology offers a new perspective to decarbonize the aviation sector, as it holds promise for reducing GHG emissions in flight baggage transportation. To investigate this possibility, this study proposes an MV operation paradigm and a corresponding “greenest” MV scheduling problem that aims to minimize MV-relevant GHG emissions while transporting baggage from the terminal to the aircraft without delay. To solve the problem efficiently, a fast construction-merging heuristic is proposed based on the theoretical properties of the problem. A series of case studies at the Tampa International Airport were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed MV operation and the construction-merging heuristic. The results indicate that the proposed MV operation effectively reduces GHG emissions, and the heuristic solves near-optimal solutions to the investigated problem much faster than Gurobi, a state-of-the-art commercial solver for integer programs, without much loss of the optimality of the solutions. Results from this study provide important managerial and operational insights into decarbonizing baggage transportation for airport operators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102633"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141486678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of air traffic complexity through a dynamic complexity indicator and machine learning models","authors":"Francisco Pérez Moreno,&nbsp;Fernando Ibáñez Rodríguez,&nbsp;Víctor Fernando Gómez Comendador,&nbsp;Raquel Delgado-Aguilera Jurado,&nbsp;María Zamarreño Suárez,&nbsp;Rosa María Arnaldo Valdés","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, there has been an increase in traffic demand. This means that the balance between the capacity of the Air Traffic Control system and traffic demand is affected. As demand exceeds capacity, measures such as the Air Traffic Flow and Capacity Management regulations have emerged to reduce the number of flights in the airspace. Complexity is a topic widely studied by researchers all over the world. For this reason, the objective of this paper is to develop a complexity indicator that can be used to predict complexity of Air Traffic Control sectors with help of Machine Learning models. The structure of complexity prediction is based on different machine learning models predicting operational variables using Random Forest Algorithms, and then predicting the complexity combining the results of the Machine Learning models. With this artificial intelligence application, the objective is to predict a complex variable by structuring the problem and dividing it in simpler models. Thanks to the application of the methodology, the Air Traffic Control service can see which possible flows or sectors will be congested and thus allocate resources optimally, but also simulations of different scenarios can be made to analyse how the operation changes, and thus structure the traffic prior to the operation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969699724000978/pdfft?md5=c472a533186de604e8a72b531b84ed4c&pid=1-s2.0-S0969699724000978-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the impact of economic conditions on passenger aircraft orders and deliveries using the Fourier transform","authors":"Kazuaki Katagiri ,&nbsp;Toshio Takiya ,&nbsp;Masayuki Tanigawa ,&nbsp;Masaharu Furutera","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growth of air passenger and cargo volumes is the result of innovations in aviation technology but is also significantly affected by the global economy. Various studies have been conducted to forecast the air transportation demand. In particular, for the management of passenger aircraft manufacturers and airlines, it is necessary to understand the trends in the number of orders and deliveries of passenger aircrafts. In this study, the Fourier transform was used to analyze the correlation between economic conditions and the number of orders and deliveries of passenger aircrafts. The results indicate that the fluctuations in the amplitudes of the numbers of orders and deliveries have been increasing. Furthermore, local peaks in the number of orders and deliveries tended to occur several years later than peaks in economic growth. However, the delay has shortened in recent years, the trend is assumed to synchronize with the growth of the global economy. At the same time, the introduction of next-generation passenger aircrafts does not necessarily result in immediate increases in orders and deliveries. Therefore, the impact of technological innovation is likely to be relatively small compared with that of economic conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102631"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141429568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passenger satisfaction assessment in the aviation industry using Type-2 fuzzy TOPSIS","authors":"Sezin Ozturk Usun ,&nbsp;Sema Akin Bas ,&nbsp;Busra Meniz ,&nbsp;Beyza Ahlatcioglu Ozkok","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2024.102630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Assessment of passenger satisfaction (PS) ratings is a noteworthy component of evaluating the service quality metrics used by airline companies. One of the most popular ways for airline companies to gauge customer satisfaction (CS) and determine what needs to be improved is by conducting surveys of their customers. In this study, we used an extended version of the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) technique, which is one of the most important multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods, with type-2 fuzzy sets to evaluate PS for the first time in the literature. Using this systematic technique, we have reflected to the model the uncertainty that may affect the evaluations of the passengers when making their assessments. Our study is considerably beneficial since it enables not only the PS evaluation of airline companies but also it is a generalization to analyze any type of CS that may be found in the aviation sector. We used our technique on questionnaires answered by 129,880 US Airlines passengers concerning 14 criteria and compared our results with studies in the literature using the same dataset. Unlike the literature, in this paper, passenger segmentation has been done to obtain effective results. Different scenarios are created for each emerging segment. While creating the scenarios, the passenger profiles of overall satisfaction, flight class, and customer loyalty are considered and different priorities are given to these variables in each scenario. We have utilized these scenarios to help airlines determine the demands of each consumer segment to improve service quality. Our study provides airline companies with an integrated decision system, with a holistic perspective, in which they can take into account not only their customers as one type, but also the differences they may experience in evaluating both their flight habits and flight experiences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102630"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141325311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}