2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy最新文献_第4页

Smart electricity distribution for sustainable development in Southern Africa sub-urban settlements 智能配电促进南部非洲郊区住区的可持续发展

2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Pub Date : 2014-09-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904209

S. A. Ilupeju, F. Inambao

{"title":"Smart electricity distribution for sustainable development in Southern Africa sub-urban settlements","authors":"S. A. Ilupeju, F. Inambao","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904209","url":null,"abstract":"Energy availability is enormous, but the challenge of converting from its existing form to useful form in the form of electricity has to be addressed if power for all is going to be a reality. Majority of people in Africans live in rural areas using traditional biomass for cooking and live below 1 USD. Hydropower, wind power and solar power resources are adequately obtainable. An efficient harnessing technologies needs to be put in place to make electricity for all in Africa obtainable by having mini installations to serve local communities to overcome a number of socio-economic challenges posed by inadequate and or no power supply. Generation of electricity from some RE sources such as wind and sunlight fluctuates as a result of the variability in resource volume available per time. The ability of the existing grid to support high levels of variable renewable generation is uncertain. This makes it difficult to maintain turbine frequency therefore destabilising electricity generation volume. A grid that will overcome the challenges of integrating more RE sources by ensuring reliability, safety, security, profitability and small private enterprises participation is needed. Intermittent nature and partially predictable availability of some renewable sources (wind, sun) pose a great challenge to balance energy production and consumption in real time, as required for grid stability. Smart grid is proposed as a tool to provide insight to policies maker, grid operators and end users for sustainable energy efficiency.","PeriodicalId":149169,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129754793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Optimal energy saved using variable air ventilation for cold rooms 使用可变空气通风为冷房间节省最佳能源

2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Pub Date : 2014-09-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904170

N. J. Mulobe, Z. Huan

引用次数: 0

Insulator leakage current monitoring: Challenges for high voltage direct current transmission lines 绝缘子漏电流监测:高压直流输电线路面临的挑战

2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Pub Date : 2014-09-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904201

Morne Roman, R. Zyl, N. Parus, N. Mahatho

{"title":"Insulator leakage current monitoring: Challenges for high voltage direct current transmission lines","authors":"Morne Roman, R. Zyl, N. Parus, N. Mahatho","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904201","url":null,"abstract":"Power transmission using HVDC transmission technology has existed for several years. As part of the design specification for such schemes, transmission line and substation insulator selection is crucial to ensure good operational performance. Leakage current may occur on insulators due to contamination, ageing of insulation materials and aggressive weather conditions, amongst others. If not mitigated, these currents can lead to line faults which occur as flashover of the insulator and the degradation of the insulator material. Monitoring leakage current on alternating current transmission lines may be accomplished using current transformer devices. However, this cannot be used in direct current transmission lines due to static magnetic fields. Toughened glass insulators are generally preferred for HVDC schemes, but composite insulators are proving to be cost-effective alternatives. However, because of its relatively new application in HVDC schemes, little has been published relating to operational data on typical leakage current magnitudes, waveforms and consequential effects thereof. ESKOM currently operates and maintains the South African sections of the Cahora Bassa HVDC scheme. At present, the utility does not have an in-situ, non-intrusive solution for monitoring the leakage currents on this scheme. This paper presents an overview of leakage current and the options available for measuring it. In-situ and non-intrusive sensors have the benefit of being used for real time monitoring as well as for live line work.","PeriodicalId":149169,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131965732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Carbon dioxide pollution reduction through load shift projects 通过负荷转移项目减少二氧化碳污染

2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Pub Date : 2014-09-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904164

H. Brand, J. Vosloo, G. Bolt

引用次数: 2

Evaluation of four building energy analysis computer programs against ASHRAE Standard 140-2007 四种建筑能耗分析计算机程序对ASHRAE标准140-2007的评价

2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Pub Date : 2014-09-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904185

S. Szewczuk, D. Conradie

引用次数: 16

Design and implementation of a low cost Distribution Transformer monitoring system for remote electric power grids 远程电网低成本配电变压器监控系统的设计与实现

2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Pub Date : 2014-09-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904200

E. Kolyanga, E. S. Kajuba, R. Okou

{"title":"Design and implementation of a low cost Distribution Transformer monitoring system for remote electric power grids","authors":"E. Kolyanga, E. S. Kajuba, R. Okou","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904200","url":null,"abstract":"The main utility company in Uganda owns and operates over 8,000 Distribution Transformers (DTs) and loses over 700 DTs annually due to various reasons. At present, the distribution company uses a peak load analysis scheme to determine the transformer load conditions and effect the load growth, which is a tedious task and doesn't solve the problem of DT failure resulting from; load unbalance, over load, vandalism among others. In order to achieve better DT performance, a low cost monitoring system was sought as most commercially available systems with SCADA integration potential are costly. This paper presents a distribution transformer (DT) monitoring system designed and implemented with GSM functionality capable of monitoring load variations and relaying information concerning transformer load state. Furthermore, the system was able to store and analyse information received from the monitoring device concerning the transformer state. The system was able to benchmark the DT measurements to abnormal operation and take action before failure and was built at less than $200. The cost can be further lowered with large scale production. The future system will be integrated with a condition monitoring plug to ensure loss of life prediction.","PeriodicalId":149169,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123659057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Combined electricity and water supply strategy for the department of water affairs 水务部门的水电结合供应战略

2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Pub Date : 2014-09-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904172

C. Scheepers, G. Bolt, J. V. Rensburg

{"title":"Combined electricity and water supply strategy for the department of water affairs","authors":"C. Scheepers, G. Bolt, J. V. Rensburg","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904172","url":null,"abstract":"In the recent years various Demand Side Management (DSM) projects were successfully completed on Department of Water Affairs (DWA) pump schemes. Each pump scheme consists of a number of pump stations which transfer water to power stations in the Mpumalanga Highveld area and municipal off-takes. The pump stations in a scheme are interconnected via rivers and pipe lines in order to transfer water from national key-point dams to different water users. Therefore, to manage the Highveld's water balance, all the interconnecting schemes work together to keep the important dams at a maximum operating level. Introducing load management on these sites, local- and regional strategies were developed and rolled out. Local strategies involve upgrades to existing pump stations, while regional strategies involve the interactions of the different pump schemes. With the completion of the local strategies, regional strategies for combined water balance and energy optimisation can be developed. By building a system that is more `visible', data is automatically collected. This will then be used to develop an advanced management strategy for the DWA. Therefore, in this article an overview is given on completed load management projects, planned future projects and the strategy to develop a combined electricity and water supply strategy for the DWA.","PeriodicalId":149169,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128816963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy efficiency through variable speed drive control on a cascading mine cooling system 级联矿井冷却系统变速驱动控制的节能效果

2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Pub Date : 2014-09-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904175

D. V. van Greunen, A. Schutte, M. Kleingeld

{"title":"Energy efficiency through variable speed drive control on a cascading mine cooling system","authors":"D. V. van Greunen, A. Schutte, M. Kleingeld","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904175","url":null,"abstract":"An ever-expanding global industry focuses on energy supply and use. Cost-effective electrical energy production and reduced consumption pave the way for this expansion. Eskom's demand-side management (DSM) initiative provides the opportunity to reduce electricity consumption with cost-effective implementations for their respective clients. South African gold mines extend their operations to up to 4000 m below the surface to remain profitable. Deep-level mining therefore requires large and energy-intensive cooling installations to provide safe working conditions. This paper investigates the improved energy efficiency and control of a South African gold mine's cascade cooling plant. Variable speed drives (VSDs) were installed on the chiller evaporator and condenser water pumps to provide variable flow control of the water through the chillers. This results in reduced motor electricity usage and improves chiller efficiencies. The results indicate that effective control and utilisation of energy efficient technology can produce substantial electricity cost savings. This indicates the potential for reducing energy inefficiencies and operating costs on technologically outdated machinery.","PeriodicalId":149169,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126999951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Optimisation of mine ventilation fan speeds on demand 矿井通风机转速按需优化

2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Pub Date : 2014-09-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904187

A. Chatterjee, X. Xia, L. Zhang

{"title":"Optimisation of mine ventilation fan speeds on demand","authors":"A. Chatterjee, X. Xia, L. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904187","url":null,"abstract":"In today's energy crisis, the mining industry has been identified as a promising area for application of energy efficiency techniques. This paper investigates potential for energy/cost saving, by implementation of variable speed drives (VSDs) on ventilation fans underground. In particular, ventilation on demand is considered in the study i.e. in cases when a mine's ventilation demand may vary throughout the day. By modelling the network with application of Kirchhoff's Laws and Tellegen'sTheorem, a non-linear constrained minimisation model was developed. The objective was to minimise the cost of energy for the fan which is directly related to the fan's power consumption. The model also adheres to certain constraints pertaining to the variable demand. Also, fan laws were integrated in the model to find the correct operating point of the fan driven by VSDs to obtain more realistic results. A case study is shown, which is solved using the fmincon function in MatLab. The study suggests if Eskom's Megaflex time of use tariff (TOU) was followed, an annual energy saving of 459 535 kWh was possible, leading to an annual cost saving of R372 300.","PeriodicalId":149169,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126877540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Direct current in public lighting for improvement in LED performance and costs 用于改善LED性能和成本的公共照明直流电

2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy Pub Date : 2014-09-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904186

M. Hulsebosch, P. Willigenburg, J. Woudstra, B. Groenewald

{"title":"Direct current in public lighting for improvement in LED performance and costs","authors":"M. Hulsebosch, P. Willigenburg, J. Woudstra, B. Groenewald","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2014.6904186","url":null,"abstract":"Public lighting's primary purpose is nighttime visibility for security and safety. How to meet so many requirements of so many stakeholders? The key to developing a good plan is to relate lighting to functions of public spaces, because street lighting is more than a technical requirement, a security need, or a design element. It can be thought of and utilized in terms of how the type, placement, and wattage affect how a street is perceived and used. With present-day used street lighting systems however, flexibility is expensive, as is maintenance and energy consumption. A new solution is to use LED lighting with a Direct Current power system. Advantages are a decrease in: energy conversions; material use; amount of switch-boxes; components; labour costs and environmental comfort. The overall implementation of LED and DC will result in better control and efficient maintenance due to integrated bidirectional communication. A challenge is the relatively high investment for these new solutions. Another challenge; DC is not a standard yet in rules and regulations. In the paper the transition to direct current public lighting system will be described with all the pros and cons. A new concept of public ownership, to overcome financial challenges will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":149169,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on the Eleventh industrial and Commercial Use of Energy","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122323208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9