Journal of applied biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Atorvastatin prevents the development of diabetic neuropathic nociception by possible involvement of nitrergic system.","authors":"Reyhaneh Akbarian,&nbsp;Mohsen Chamanara,&nbsp;Amir Rashidian,&nbsp;Alireza Abdollahi,&nbsp;Shahram Ejtemaei Mehr,&nbsp;Ahmad Reza Dehpour","doi":"10.32725/jab.2021.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/jab.2021.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Diabetic neuropathy has been identified as a common complication caused by diabetes. However, its pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood yet. Statins, also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, alleviate the production of cholesterol. Despite this cholesterol-reducing effect of statins, several reports have demonstrated their beneficial properties in neuropathic pain. In this study, we used streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic model to investigate the possible role of nitric oxide (NO) in the antineuropathic-like effect of atorvastatin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ. Male rats orally received different doses of atorvastatin for 21 days. To access the neuropathy process, the thermal threshold of rats was assessed using hot plate and tail-flick tests. Moreover, sciatic motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) studies were performed. To assess the role of nitric oxide, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), aminoguanidine (AG), and 7-nitroindazole (7NI) were intraperitoneally administered along with some specific doses of atorvastatin.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Atorvastatin significantly reduced the hyperalgesia in diabetic rats. L-NAME pretreatment with atorvastatin showed the antihyperalgesic effect, suggesting the possible involvement of the NO pathway in atorvastatin protective action. Furthermore, co-administration of atorvastatin with AG and 7NI resulted in a significant increase in pain threshold in diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Our results reveal that the atorvastatin protective effect on diabetic neuropathy is mediated at least in a part via the nitric oxide system.</p>","PeriodicalId":14912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied biomedicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39838062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GC-MS Metabolomics profiling and HR-APCI-MS characterization of potential anticancer compounds and antimicrobial activities of extracts from Picrorhiza kurroa roots.","authors":"Qudsia Tabassam,&nbsp;Tahir Mehmood,&nbsp;Sibtain Ahmed,&nbsp;Shagufta Saeed,&nbsp;Abdul Rauf Raza,&nbsp;Farooq Anwar","doi":"10.32725/jab.2020.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/jab.2020.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study explores pharmacological potential and phytochemicals profiling of Picrorhiza kurroa extracts against mammalian cancer cell lines and pathogenic microbes. Bioactive extracts from roots of Picrorhiza kurroa were recovered in the methanol, 50% aqueous dichloromethane (50 : 50 v/v) and n-hexane. Antimicrobial activity of the bioactive extracts was assessed against selected strains of bacteria and pathogenic fungi. Aqueous dichloromethane extract showed highest zone of growth inhibition (39.06 ± 1.0 mm) towards Staphylococcus aureus bacteria while methanolic extract showed the lowest inhibition (6.3 ± 4.1 mm) to Escherichia coli bacteria. The tested extracts such as methanol and aqueous dichloromethane exhibited higher inhibition antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus compared to Fusarium oxysporum. As far as cytotoxicity (MTT assay) of the tested extracts is concerned, n-hexane and aqueous dichloromethane extracts were found to be very active against all cancer cell lines (breast cancer MCF7, MDA-MB-231, SKBR3 and ovarian cancer SKOV3). A preliminary phytochemicals profiling was performed in extracts using GC-MS. Several fractions of active extract were separated with HPLC and analyzed using High Resolution Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (HR-APCI-MS). Two purified compounds (Dihydromikanolide and 1,3-Dicyclohexyl-4-(cyclohexylimino)-2-(cyclohexylethylamino)-3,4-dihydro-1,3-diazetium) were further evaluated for their anticancer activity against ovarian cancer cell line. Our findings depict that all the tested extracts showed considerable anticancer potential through cell viability assays. The purified compound 1 - Dihydromikanolide from methanolic extract was found to be active against ovarian cancer cells and can be explored as a promising nutra-pharmaceutical candidate against ovarian cancer. However, further studies exploring the molecular pathways and in vivo testing are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":14912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied biomedicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"26-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39838060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbial dysbiosis and its association with esophageal cancer.","authors":"Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq,&nbsp;Imran Shair Mohammad,&nbsp;Kiran Sher Muhammad,&nbsp;Huan Li,&nbsp;Rao Zahid Abbas,&nbsp;Zia Ud Din Sindhu,&nbsp;Shakir Ullah,&nbsp;Yang Fan,&nbsp;Abbas Sadiq,&nbsp;Muhammad Asif Raza,&nbsp;Riaz Hussain,&nbsp;Hafiz Muhammad Arshad,&nbsp;Iahtasham Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Umair Waqas,&nbsp;Aziz Ul-Rahman,&nbsp;Riffat Yasin,&nbsp;Atif Rehman,&nbsp;Rana Waseem Akhtar,&nbsp;Jiru Xu","doi":"10.32725/jab.2021.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/jab.2021.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to its aggressive nature and low survival rate, esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancer. While the intestinal microbiome significantly influences human health and disease. This research aimed to investigate and characterize the relative abundance of intestinal bacterial composition in esophageal cancer patients. The fecal samples were collected from esophageal cancer patients (n = 15) and healthy volunteers (n = 10). The PCR-DGGE was carried out by focusing on the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene, and qPCR was performed for Bacteroides vulgatus, Escherichia coli, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium leptum and Lactobacillus. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene targeting the V3+V4 region was performed on 20 randomly selected samples. PCR-DGGE and High-throughput diversity results showed a significant alteration of gut bacterial composition between the experimental and control groups, which indicates the gut microbial dysbiosis in esophageal cancer patients. At the phylum level, there was significant enrichment of Bacteroidetes, while a non-significant decrease of Firmicutes in the experimental group. At family statistics, a significantly higher level of Bacteroidaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, while a significantly lower abundance of Prevotellaceae and Veillonellaceae were observed. There was a significantly high prevalence of genera Bacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella, while a significantly lower abundance of Prevotella_9 and Dialister in the experimental group as compared to the control group. Furthermore, the species analysis also showed significantly raised level of Bacteroides vulgatus and Escherichia coli in the experimental group. These findings revealed a significant gut microbial dysbiosis in esophageal cancer patients. So, the current study can be used for the understanding of esophageal cancer treatment, disease pathway, mechanism, and probiotic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":14912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied biomedicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39838058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergism between WLBU2 peptide and antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae.","authors":"Lina Elsalem,&nbsp;Suhaila Al Sheboul,&nbsp;Ayat Khasawneh","doi":"10.32725/jab.2021.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/jab.2021.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infections caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacter cloacae are considered as major therapeutic challenge due to their multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype against conventional antibiotics. WLBU2 is an engineered cationic peptide with potent antimicrobial activity. This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of WLBU2 against clinical isolates of the aforementioned bacteria and assess whether synergistic effects can be achieved upon combination with conventional antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobial agents against bacterial clinical isolates (n = 30/strain) were determined using the microbroth dilution assay. The minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of WLBU2 were determined from microbroth dilution (MICs) tests by subculturing to agar plates. MICs of WLBU2 were evaluated in the presence of physiological concentrations of salts including NaCl, CaCl2 and MgCl2. To identify bacterial resistance profile, MRSA were treated with Oxacillin, Erythromycin and Vancomycin, while Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem were used against Enterobacter cloacae. Combination treatments of antibiotics and sub-inhibitory concentrations of WLBU2 were conducted when MICs indicated intermediate/resistant susceptibility. The MICs/MBCs of WLBU2 were identical for each respective bacteria with values of 0.78-6.25 μM and 1.5-12.5 μM against MRSA and Enterobacter cloacae, respectively. WLBU2 was found as salt resistant. Combination treatment showed that synergistic and additive effects were achieved in many isolates of MRSA and Enterobacter cloacae. Our data revealed that WLBU2 is a potent peptide with bactericidal activity. In addition, it demonstrated the selective advantage of WLBU2 as a potential therapeutic agent under physiological solutions. Our findings also support the combination of WLBU2 and conventional antibiotics with potential application for treatment of resistant bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":14912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied biomedicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"14-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39838059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Fabry disease in men with tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss.","authors":"Richard Holy,&nbsp;Tereza Hlozkova,&nbsp;Klara Prochazkova,&nbsp;David Kalfert,&nbsp;Frantiska Hybnerova,&nbsp;Denisa Ebelova,&nbsp;Berthold Streubel,&nbsp;Martin Chovanec,&nbsp;Bretislav Gal,&nbsp;Ales Linhart,&nbsp;Jaromir Astl","doi":"10.32725/jab.2021.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/jab.2021.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fabry disease (FD) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by pathogenic mutations in the alpha-galactosidase A (AGALA) encoding gene region. This rare disease affects several organs including the cochlea-vestibular system. Tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) are reported among otoneurological symptoms. Early and correct diagnosis of FD is important with a view to available therapy. The aim of the study was to screen for alpha-galactosidase deficiency in men with tinnitus/SNHL. A prospective multicentric study including consecutive patients with SNHL confirmed by tone audiometry or tinnitus evaluated (10/2016-8/2019). The diagnosis of AGALA deficiency was done by dry blood spot method using a threshold of 1.2 µmol/l/h. Only men aged 18-60 were included. 181 patients were subject to evaluation. SNHL was reported in 126 (70%) patients, 50 (28%) patients had unilateral, 76 (42%) patients had bilateral SNHL. Tinnitus was found in 161 (89%) patients, unilateral in 96 (53%) and bilateral in 65 (36%) patients. Suspected FD was not detected in any patient; alpha-galactosidase The AGALA values ranged 1.5-8.8 µmol/l/h, an average of 3.4 µmol/l/h. None of the 181 patients participating in the study had AGALA levels below the threshold 1.2 µmol/l/h. The occurrence of tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss in men appears to be an irrelevant clinical sign for FD systematic screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":14912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied biomedicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"57-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39838063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contributory role of ART in the development of non-AIDS comorbidities in asymptomatic PLWHA.","authors":"Karen Ingrid Tasca,&nbsp;Vania V M Fagundes Vidal,&nbsp;Vanessa Martinez Manfio,&nbsp;Alexandre Naime Barbosa,&nbsp;Lenice do Rosario de Souza","doi":"10.32725/jab.2021.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/jab.2021.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the many benefits that follow antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, its chronic use contributes to the early aging of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to trace the prevalence of and investigate possible renal, bone and metabolic changes, as well as cardiovascular risk in 94 asymptomatic PLWHA, relating them to the duration of ART use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four groups were evaluated according to ART use: G1 (n = 21), ART-naïve individuals; G2 (n = 17), <2 years; G3 (n = 40), 2-10 years; and G4 (n = 16) on ART for more than 10 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed a high prevalence of dyslipidemic individuals (64%), especially in those under ART. Lower creatine phosphokinase levels were observed in G1 as compared to the others (p < 0.05). Regarding the Framingham score, 12.1% of PLWHA showed moderate and high risk, and the highest proportion (38.5%) occurred in G4 (p = 0.003). A decrease in glomerular filtration rates occurred in 20% of patients, which was also more significant in G3 and G4 (p = 0.007). High prevalences of osteopenia and osteoporosis (53.2%) were found, especially in G1 and G4; however, G1 showed the lowest means for alkaline phosphatases (AP, p = 0.04 and BAP, p = 0.005) and osteocalcin (p = 0.005), in addition to higher vitamin-D concentrations (p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study showed the possible contributory role of ART in these changes, which leads us to reflect on the need for specific conducts and patient care, pointing out the importance of individualized care in an attempt to increase life expectancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied biomedicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"73-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39838065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethyl acetate extract of Clausena excavata induces growth inhibition of non-small-lung cancer, NCI-H460, cell line via apoptosis.","authors":"Shaymaa Fadhel Abbas Albaayit,&nbsp;Mariam Ashfaq Khan,&nbsp;Rasedee Abdullah,&nbsp;Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor","doi":"10.32725/jab.2021.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/jab.2021.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Clausena excavata Burm. f is a plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of various ailments in South East Asia. The plant parts contain chemical components that are cytotoxic to many cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study investigated the cytotoxic effects of ethyl acetate, methanol and chloroform C. excavata leaf extracts on the non-small-lung cancer, NCI-H460, cell line.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5,-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, among extracts, ethyl acetate C. excavata leaf extract (EACE) was the most potent anti-NCI-H460 cells, with IC50 value of 47.1 ± 6.1 μg/ml. The effects of EACE on NCI-H460 cells were also determined by clonogenic, 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and annexin-V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide-PI flow cytometric assays. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptotic gene expressions was determined via flow cytometry and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EACE-treated NCI-H460 cells after 48 h underwent apoptosis as evident by loss of cell viability, cell shrinkage, and chromatin condensation. The results also showed EACE mediated increase in ROS production by the NCI-H460 cells. After 48 h treatment, EACE increased the pro-apoptotic BAX and decreased the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, Survivin and c-Myc gene expressions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EACE is a potential anti-lung cancer by increasing cancer cell ROS production and apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied biomedicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39838061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Falcarindiol and dichloromethane fraction are bioactive components in <i>Oplopanax elatus</i>: Colorectal cancer chemoprevention via induction of apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest mediated by cyclin A upregulation.","authors":"Chong-Zhi Wang,&nbsp;Yun Luo,&nbsp;Wei-Hua Huang,&nbsp;Jinxiang Zeng,&nbsp;Chun-Feng Zhang,&nbsp;Mallory Lager,&nbsp;Wei Du,&nbsp;Ming Xu,&nbsp;Chun-Su Yuan","doi":"10.32725/jab.2021.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/jab.2021.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Oplopanax elatus</i> (Nakai) Nakai has a long history of use as an ethnomedicine by the people living in eastern Asia. However, its bioactive constituents and cancer chemopreventive mechanisms are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to prepare <i>O. elatus</i> extracts, fractions, and single compounds and to investigate the herb's antiproliferative effects on colon cancer cells and the involved mechanisms of action. Two polyyne compounds were isolated from <i>O. elatus</i>, falcarindiol and oplopandiol. Based on our HPLC analysis, falcarindiol and oplopandiol are major constituents in the dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂) fraction. For the HCT-116 cell line, the dichloromethane fraction showed significant effects. Furthermore, the IC50 for falcarindiol and oplopandiol was 1.7 μM and 15.5 μM, respectively. In the mechanistic study, after treatment with 5 μg/ml for 48 h, dichloromethane fraction induced cancer cell apoptosis by 36.5% (<i>p</i> < 0.01% vs. control of 3.9%). Under the same treatment condition, dichloromethane fraction caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase by 32.6% (<i>p</i> < 0.01% vs. control of 23.4%), supported by upregulation of key cell cycle regulator cyclin A to 21.6% (<i>p</i> < 0.01% vs. control of 8.6%). Similar trends were observed by using cell line HT-29. Data from this study filled the gap between phytochemical components and the cancer chemoprevention of <i>O. elatus</i>. The dichloromethane fraction is a bioactive fraction, and falcarindiol is identified as an active constituent. The mechanisms involved in cancer chemoprevention by <i>O. elatus</i> were apoptosis induction and G2/M cell cycle arrest mediated by a key cell cycle regulator cyclin A.</p>","PeriodicalId":14912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied biomedicine","volume":"19 2","pages":"113-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8575125/pdf/nihms-1729845.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39711390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil and its nanoemulsion on dyslipidemic Wistar rats.","authors":"Ana Paula Santos Rodrigues,&nbsp;Belmira Silva Faria E Souza,&nbsp;Albenise Santana Alves Barros,&nbsp;Helison de Oliveira Carvalho,&nbsp;Jonatas Lobato Duarte,&nbsp;Mehl Leticia Elizandra Boettger,&nbsp;Robson Barbosa,&nbsp;Adriana Maciel Ferreira,&nbsp;Irlon Maciel Ferreira,&nbsp;Caio Pinho Fernandes,&nbsp;Arlindo Cesar Matias Pereira,&nbsp;Jose Carlos Tavares Carvalho","doi":"10.32725/jab.2020.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/jab.2020.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dyslipidemias are lipid metabolism alterations that cause increased levels of serum lipoprotein, cholesterol, and triglycerides. These alterations are associated with a higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases and are a risk factor for atherosclerosis development. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil (EORO, 100 mg/kg) and its nanoemulsion (NEORO, 500 µg/kg) on Triton and coconut saturated-fat-induced (CSF) dyslipidemias using Wistar rats. The phytochemical evaluation of EORO performed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) revealed 1,8-cineole (33.70%), camphor (27.68%), limonene (21.99%), and α-pinene (8.13%) as its major compounds. Triton-induced dyslipidemia significantly increased total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides levels. On the other hand, the groups treated with EORO and NEORO had significantly reduced total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides compared to the group treated only with Triton. Similar results were observed on the positive control treated with simvastatin. Dyslipidemia induced with coconut saturated-fat (CSF) caused abdominal fat gain, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, increased LDL levels, and atherogenesis in the aorta. In contrast, the groups treated with EORO, NEORO, and simvastatin had significantly reduced hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, reduced abdominal fat gain, and absence of atherogenesis in the vascular endothelium. Overall, in the Triton-induced dyslipidemia model, EORO treatment had superior values than NEORO's (and simvastatin), although the differences were not too high, while in the CSF model, the values were mixed. In this manner, our results show an anti-dyslipidemic and anti-atherogenic activity effect by EORO and NEORO.</p>","PeriodicalId":14912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied biomedicine","volume":"18 4","pages":"126-135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9958882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating levels of selected adipokines in women with gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes.","authors":"David Karasek,&nbsp;Ondrej Krystynik,&nbsp;Dominika Goldmannova,&nbsp;Lubica Cibickova,&nbsp;Jan Schovanek","doi":"10.32725/jab.2020.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/jab.2020.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgrounds: </strong>Adiponectin, adipocyte-fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP), and Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP-1) are adipokines closely associated with insulin resistance. The aim of the study was to compare their levels in women with gestational diabetes (GDM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and healthy controls and determine their relation to metabolic parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Women with GDM, T2DM and healthy women were included in this cross-sectional study. In addition to adipokines, anthropometric, lipid parameters, markers of insulin resistance and glucose control were assessed in all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to healthy controls (n = 35) significantly lower levels of adiponectin were detected in women with GDM (n = 50), whereas in women with T2DM (n = 50) higher levels of A-FABP and WISP-1 and lower levels of adiponectin were found. Women with T2DM had also lower levels of adiponectin and higher levels of A-FABP compared to women with GDM. A-FABP and adiponectin were independently associated with levels of triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and C-peptide insulin resistance index. WISP-1 correlated only with waist circumference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adverse adipokines production reflecting dysfunctional fat tissue is less presented in women with GDM than in women with T2DM, but more expressed compared to healthy women.</p>","PeriodicalId":14912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied biomedicine","volume":"18 2-3","pages":"54-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39725143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}