Journal of Aerosol Science最新文献

{"title":"Photophoretic forces in coated-hollow microspheres","authors":"D.J.S. Pereira,&nbsp;M.R.O. Panão","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photophoresis is a phenomenon that generates thermally induced forces on microparticles immersed in a gas when exposed to a light beam such as a laser. Enhancing photophoretic forces depends on the alignment of the geometrical, thermal, and optical properties of the particles. The hypothesis explored here considers coated hollow microspheres to be a promising approach to this challenge. Therefore, we first present a photophoresis model for a three-layered microsphere in the slip-flow regime by applying Navier–Stokes equations with corrected boundary conditions. The numerical approaches used to compute the heat source function <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> consider the Lorenz–Mie theory, and validate the results with those of previous studies. When applied to a copper-coated glass bubble, the model analyzes the photophoretic force as a function of the coating thickness considering several shell thicknesses. The results indicate that nanometric-scale coatings initially enhance the force to a maximum, beyond which the high thermal conductivity of copper leads to a reduction in the force. For coatings with thicknesses above <span><math><mrow><mn>100</mn></mrow></math></span> nm, the force becomes insensitive to the shell thickness, demonstrating the dominance of copper in optical and thermal phenomena. Suppose that the fabrication of an optimal coating thickness cannot be precisely achieved. This study suggests depositing excess coating to ensure higher photophoretic forces, thereby providing a framework for optimizing the microparticle design in photophoretic applications. Future work will include validation through experiments and finding analytical solutions for integrals associated with internal heat generation using the Lorenz–Mie theory, which holds great promise for advancing our understanding of photophoresis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106510"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the atomization characteristics of gel by liquid carbon dioxide","authors":"Changchun Liu ,&nbsp;Shuang Peng ,&nbsp;Xue Du ,&nbsp;Pengzhi Wu ,&nbsp;Yushan Li ,&nbsp;Zairong Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Super absorbent polymer (SAP) gel materials have emerged as a focal point of research in the firefighting domain, owing to their remarkable water retention capabilities and inherent flexibility. However, due to the high viscosity of the gel material, it is usually treated with a medium atomization method. Liquid CO₂ has a very high expansion coefficient, and when released, it can effectively drive away oxygen in the fire area. With the development of carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technology, more and more CO₂ being stored in liquid form in cylinders, making it meaningful to explore using liquid CO₂ as a medium for atomizing the gel. This paper proposes using the liquid CO₂ as the atomization medium and designs a hybrid atomization system. The system utilizes the large amount of energy released when liquid carbon dioxide turns into gas, thereby enhancing the atomization effect for high-viscosity fluids and helping to carry out carbon capture and utilization (CCU) work simultaneously. The influences of the inlet diameter of liquid CO₂ (<em>d</em>_<em>0</em>), the number of outlet holes of mixed liquid (<em>N</em>_{<em>holes</em>}), and the gel concentration (<em>C</em>) on the atomization characteristics of the gel jet were investigated. The research results indicate that with an increase in <em>d</em>_<em>0</em>, the spray range, spray width, and spray cone angle increase correspondingly, while the spray particle sizes D₃₂ and Dv90 decrease accordingly. With an increase in <em>N</em>_{<em>holes</em>}, the spray range and the particle sizes D₃₂ and Dv90 show an increasing trend, while the spray cone angle and spray width decrease correspondingly. As the gel concentration increases, the spray range, spray width, and spray cone angle decrease, while the particle sizes D₃₂ and Dv90 increase accordingly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of online optical diagnostics during gas-phase synthesis of few-layer graphene based on elastic light scattering measurements","authors":"Halil İbrahim Yazıcı ,&nbsp;Christof Schulz ,&nbsp;Kyle J. Daun","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gas-phase synthesis is a promising method for scalable production of high-quality free-standing few-layer graphene (FLG) particles. This study assesses the feasibility of elastic light scattering in characterizing particle morphology and distinguishing FLG from soot-like particles that may also be produced concurrently during gas-phase synthesis. FLG particle morphology is modeled based on tomographic electron microscopy images of FLG particles produced within a plasma reactor, whereas synthetic soot particles are generated via a cluster–cluster aggregation algorithm based on morphological parameters typical of flame soot. Light scattering properties of ensembles of synthetic FLG and soot particles are simulated via the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) and the multi-sphere T-matrix method, respectively. Angle-resolved scattering properties of ensembles of FLG and soot particles are analyzed to evaluate the feasibility of scattering-based diagnostics and identify potential measurement configurations for characterizing particle morphology. Overall, certain scattering properties, especially the depolarization ratio, are observed to be sensitive to the distinctive morphological aspects of FLG and soot, which highlights the promise of light scattering-based diagnostics for characterizing morphology during gas-phase synthesis of FLG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capture of wind-blown particles during transport through a vegetative barrier","authors":"Mohammad Jabarifar,&nbsp;Jeffrey S. Marshall","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an efficient computational method for predicting the capture by vegetative barriers of wind-blown particles, such as sand, snowflakes, and exhaust from vehicular exhaust. The method assumes that the vegetative barrier is composed of a line of trees, where synthetic trees are formed using a network of cylindrical elements representing branches and needles, as is typical of pines and other evergreen vegetation. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are employed to determine the average wind velocity at the front of the vegetation and to calculate the particle flux entering the vegetative barrier. The vegetative barrier is treated as a heterogeneous filter medium, and an efficient method is used to compute the capture efficiency and penetration of particles into the vegetation. The particle capture computation method employs an estimate of the single fiber efficiency for each cylindrical branch/needle element based on models for finite Reynolds number particle capture from the literature. The method was employed for different vegetative barriers, which were characterized by varying porosities to assess their impact on particle capture efficiency. The proposed prediction approach is important for assessing effectiveness of vegetative barriers for protection of roadways from blowing snow and dust and for estimation of rate of vehicular pollution damage to roadside trees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field calibration and performance evaluation of low-cost sensors for monitoring airborne PM in the occupational mining environment","authors":"Abhishek Penchala ,&nbsp;Aditya Kumar Patra ,&nbsp;Namrata Mishra ,&nbsp;Samrat Santra","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface mining operations emit particulate matter (PM) with varying sizes and compositions, adversely affecting the health of mine workers and adjoining communities. Measurements for regulatory compliance at present are obtained by bulky instruments, which are costly and provide data averaged over a period of time. Recently, low-cost PM sensors (LCPMS) have been increasingly used in indoor and outdoor environments for monitoring real-time PM concentrations with high spatial and temporal resolution. No comprehensive study has been undertaken to evaluate the performance of LCPMS when exposed to uncontrolled high dust concentrations prevailing in the occupational mining environment. The study aimed to achieve this by deploying three sensors (OPC N3, SPS30, and SDS011) in a highly mechanized surface coal mine. A comparative assessment of these sensors has been conducted by calibrating them against a research-grade reference instrument in uncontrolled indoor, outdoor, and mining environments. The performance of OPC N3 and SPS30 sensors was found to be good, with high linearity (R² = 0.90 – 0.99) and precision (CV = 2 – 6%). Incorporating the monitored local meteorological conditions and PM proportions improved the performance of the applied calibration models. The decision tree-based regression model performed better (R² = 0.95 – 99; RMSE = 0.8 – 11.4; MAE = 0.4 – 5.3) compared to the multiple linear model in accurately predicting reference equivalent PM mass concentration measurements. The comprehensive performance evaluation of LCPMS in this study highlights its potential applications in the different occupational environments particularly for monitoring the personal exposure of industry workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of nozzle geometry for virtual impaction across more than one decade in particle size","authors":"Li Li ,&nbsp;Mckenna E. Relling ,&nbsp;Susmita Islam ,&nbsp;Yaakov Y. Knobloch ,&nbsp;Stephanie M. Eilts ,&nbsp;Bernard A. Olson ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Hogan Jr. ,&nbsp;Tomoya Tamadate","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Virtual Impactors (VIs) are devices used to inertially concentrate particles from a larger set of sample flow streamlines to a smaller fraction of minor flow streamlines. Ideally, a VI would function for particles across a wide size range, from submicrometer to supermicrometer diameters. However, pushing VI operation to concentrate submicrometer particles typically leads to inlet losses, as well as overfocusing and internal losses, for supermicrometer particles. Here, we utilized a combination of particle trajectory calculations and experiments to design a round-nozzle VI capable of concentrating submicrometer particles while maintaining performance for particles approaching 10 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> in diameter. First, we simulated particle trajectories in more than 140 test nozzle geometries, varying inlet length, diameter, angle, and concavity. Simulating atmospheric pressure upstream, and nozzle Mach numbers exceeding 0.3 (compressible flow), nozzles were then ”Scored” based on their ability to inertially focus particles in the 100 nm to 10 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> diameter range to the inner 10% of their area, at the nozzle outlet. Subsequently, we used two high-scoring nozzle geometries to design and contruct single nozzle VIs, which were experimentally tested with monodisperse particles in the 100 nm - 10 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> diameter range. Based on these measurements, a nozzle geometry capable of functioning for particles down below 500 nm while maintaining the ability to concentrate particles above 5 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> was then utilized in designing a single-stage, 16-nozzle VI. Operating with a sample flow of 40 <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>min</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> and a minor flow of 1.2 <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>min</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>, the multinozzle VI enables concentration increases by a factor in excess of 25 across more than a decade in particle diameter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory particle super-emissive Italian words and effect of articulation manner during children speaking","authors":"Elisa Caracci ,&nbsp;Giorgio Buonanno ,&nbsp;Rossella Avignone ,&nbsp;Luca Stabile","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Speaking represents one of the most occurrence respiratory activities influencing the airborne transmission of respiratory pathogens. To date, the positive correlation between the amplitude of human speech and respiratory particles emitted is proven, but information about the effect of articulation manner on the respiratory particle emission is weakly investigated. The few existing studies involves adults and languages other than Italian. To fill this gap of knowledge, this study analyzed the words affecting the most the respiratory particle emission, here named “super-emissive”, and the effect of the articulation manner of consonants on disyllabic words. To achieve this goal, 10 children reading an Italian phonetically balanced word list (at “speaking” and “loudly speaking” voice intensity levels) were analyzed. The findings of this study are of great interest since that, for the first time, are focused on children during Italian speaking. The main results evidence that some words exceed the average concentration level within a given speech compared to others. This can be due to the word length, as in “<em>Nabucodonosor</em>” in which several phonemes fall into the unit of time, but also can be dependent on the articulation manner of consonants. Indeed, an in-depth analysis of disyllabic words containing the same type of consonants revealed that <em>affricates</em> due to their composition, as in “<em>ciccio</em>”, are responsible for the highest emission of respiratory particles respect to <em>nasals</em>, <em>fricatives</em>, <em>approximants</em> and <em>occlusives</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106514"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the use of EBRSM turbulence model to improve continuous random walk model prediction in inhomogeneous turbulent flows","authors":"C. Guaquiere ,&nbsp;F. Beaubert ,&nbsp;D. Uystepryust ,&nbsp;T. Benazzouz ,&nbsp;L. Keirsbulck","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper the suitability of the normalized Langevin stochastic equation, coupled with the RMS fluctuations velocity predicted by EBRSM (Elliptic Blending Reynolds Stress Model) second order turbulence model, in inhomogeneous turbulent flows was studied. The gas-particle flow was numerically investigated by using OpenFOAM V9 CFD toolkit for two configurations. First, in a two-dimensional duct flow in which <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> randomly distributed particles, with diameters ranging from 10 nm to 23 <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>m, were introduced in the channel and followed by solving the particle equation of motion including the drag and Brownian forces under the one-way coupling assumption. The performance of the Continuous Random Walk (CRW) model with the EBRSM prediction of the Reynolds stress tensor for predicting the behavior of fluid-tracer and inertial particles in an inhomogeneous turbulent flow was examined as well as their deposition velocities. In addition, the particle laden flow inside an obstructed three dimensional channel was studied to evaluate the characteristics of particle deposition according to the ratio of rough-element spacing to its height e/H. Thus, the deposition rate on the different surfaces and the particles deposition profiles on the cavities between the rough-elements and on windward rib surfaces were evaluated for e/H = 4, 7 and 10. By exploring the concentration profiles and deposition velocities of particles, it was concluded that the Normalized-CRW model including EBRSM flow prediction leads to accurate and satisfying results, compared to the use of correlations for RMS fluctuations velocity values, and can be applied in more complex flows (such as in industrial configurations).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106500"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional aerosol printing by enlarged, optimized and charged nanoparticles","authors":"Anton Patarashvili,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Ghorbani Fard,&nbsp;Alexey Efimov,&nbsp;Matthew Ivanov,&nbsp;Ekaterina Kameneva,&nbsp;Vladislav Davydov,&nbsp;Denis Kornyushin,&nbsp;Dmitry Maslennikov,&nbsp;Anton Shishlyannikov,&nbsp;Vitaly Torgunakov,&nbsp;Victor Ivanov","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article explores the challenges and potential of creating micro-sized structures using metals and oxides with an aspect ratio of 1 in the field of printed electronics. Specifically, it focuses on the production of microstructures from loosely bonded metal particles with mean size from 30 to 80 nm. These conglomerates exhibit unique electrical and optical properties that differ from monolithic structures, making them a subject of special interest. The study introduces a system capable of producing porous microstructures on silicon substrates using spherical nanoparticles. This is achieved through a series of steps including synthesis, sintering, charging, and electrostatic focusing through a stainless steel ball grid array stencil. As a result, uniform Au microstructures each measuring approximately <span><math><mrow><mn>25</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> (through <span><math><mrow><mn>280</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> holes) are successfully printed across the entire surface of the stencil, which covers an area of about 0.7 cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>. Moreover, the potential applications are not limited to this achievement. Furthermore, the article provides experimental evidence supporting a hypothesis regarding the diffusion mechanism responsible for the broadening of the resulting structures. This mechanism is based on the theory of charge distribution among nanoparticles during the charging process in the corona discharge region. Additionally, the study demonstrates the deposition of nanoparticles made of Ag, ZnO and SnO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> oxides using the same method. The research presents the formation of an uncharacteristic pattern associated with this deposition method, where nanoparticles are deposited in a discrete manner rather than forming continuous structures. This finding adds to the understanding of the complex behavior of nanoparticles during the printing process and opens up new avenues for further investigation in the field of printed electronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106515"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure of nano-sized aerosols to A549 at air liquid interface combined by condensation growth system","authors":"Erika Ito ,&nbsp;Yuko Mitera ,&nbsp;Tatsuya Oishi ,&nbsp;Chisato Amma ,&nbsp;Chigusa Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Ryo Suzuki ,&nbsp;Yayoi Inomata ,&nbsp;Takafumi Seto","doi":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaerosci.2024.106498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An accurate and stable experimental system for nano-sized aerosol cell exposure was established by controlling the number-based aerosol dose by using the Air-Liquid-Interface (ALI). In order to enhance deposition efficiency and to reduce cell damage as a novel approach, condensational growth process was employed. Two-dimensional monolayer of the alveolar epithelium (A549) cells was prepared at the ALI after 4-days cultivation using the membrane cell culture insert. Two types of test aerosol were generated by spray-drying the colloidal suspension of carbon black (CB) nanoparticles and using the solution of Triton-X100. Size distribution and aerosol number concentration were continuously monitored by in-flight aerosol mobility spectrometer. Dose amounts of nanoparticles to the A549 cell monolayer were evaluated with considering the number-based particle deposition efficiency at the ALI. The effect of condensation growth, in prior to the ALI exposure, was also investigated to enhance deposition efficiency and to mimic aerosol transport in the respiratory system. Cell viability, transepithelial electrical resistance with/without exposing the test particles were examined as a function of dose amount. It was found that constructed cellular systems exhibited stable cell viability against deposition of fine particles in our experimental condition (area-based mass dose of the CB &lt; 2.5 μg cm⁻²). In addition, for Triton-X100, which was used as the positive control, a similar dose-dependent cell viability was obtained between aerosol exposure and the submerged experiments. Therefore, the constructed this exposure system could be applicable to various <em>in vitro</em> experiments that require precise dose control and reproducible cell responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14880,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Science","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106498"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}