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Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung最新文献

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Glutathione in bronchial hyperresponsiveness 谷胱甘肽在支气管高反应性中的作用
Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/JAM.1996.9.207
S. Bernorio, M. Pecis, A. Zucchi, G. Guerra, V. Migliorini, L. Negri, A. Corsano
{"title":"Glutathione in bronchial hyperresponsiveness","authors":"S. Bernorio, M. Pecis, A. Zucchi, G. Guerra, V. Migliorini, L. Negri, A. Corsano","doi":"10.1089/JAM.1996.9.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/JAM.1996.9.207","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Alterations of oxidants and antioxidants now appear to be pivotal in the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and bronchial asthma. To evaluate the potential protective role of the antioxidant reduced glutathione (GSH) administered by ultrasonic nebulizer on metacholine-induced bronchoconstriction, we designed a double-blind, randomized study enrolling 18 subjects with mild asthma and previous bronchoconstriction after a methacholine challenge; we did not find a statistically significant decrease in bronchoconstriction after premedication with inhaled GSH. Further investigation under different experimental conditions is warranted because our information about the mode of action and pharmacokinetics of GSH is still incomplete and sometimes the data are conflicting.","PeriodicalId":14879,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung","volume":"7 1","pages":"207-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84948756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
On the Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Simulating Flow and Particle Deposition in the Human Respiratory Tract 应用计算流体力学模拟人体呼吸道内的流动和颗粒沉积
Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/JAM.1996.9.329
W. Finlay, K. Stapleton, J. Yokota
{"title":"On the Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Simulating Flow and Particle Deposition in the Human Respiratory Tract","authors":"W. Finlay, K. Stapleton, J. Yokota","doi":"10.1089/JAM.1996.9.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/JAM.1996.9.329","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can produce erroneous results if not used with adequate thought to several issues, some of which are discussed in the present article. Some of these issues are associated with modeling the physics, particularly the turbulence that occurs in the upper airways. For determining the location of deposition of inhaled aerosols, physical models of particle motion must also be specified and various issues associated with such models should be considered. Numerical modeling issues, including grid resolution and numerical boundary condition effects, can also profoundly affect a numerical simulation. The purpose of the present article is to highlight the importance of some of these issues in the context of modeling the fluid dynamics and particle motion in the human respiratory tract, especially for those researchers whose background is not in a discipline normally associated with CFD.","PeriodicalId":14879,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung","volume":"62 1","pages":"329-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73682187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Transport Properties of DPPC Monolayer DPPC单层输运性质的实验与理论研究
Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/JAM.1996.9.357
L. Gradoń, A. Podǵorski, T. Sosnowski
{"title":"Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Transport Properties of DPPC Monolayer","authors":"L. Gradoń, A. Podǵorski, T. Sosnowski","doi":"10.1089/JAM.1996.9.357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/JAM.1996.9.357","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper deals with the analysis of dynamic behavior of a thin liquid film covered by an L-α-dipalmitoyl phosphatidyicholinc (DPPC) monolayer during measurements carried out in a Langmuir...","PeriodicalId":14879,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung","volume":"35 1","pages":"357-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85408409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
Evaluation of the clearance of particles deposited on the conducting airways of beagle dogs 比格犬导气管沉积颗粒清除率的评价
Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/JAM.1996.9.477
M. Snipes, J. Spoo, B. Muggenburg, K. Nikula, Mark D. Hoover, W. Griffith, R. Guilmette
{"title":"Evaluation of the clearance of particles deposited on the conducting airways of beagle dogs","authors":"M. Snipes, J. Spoo, B. Muggenburg, K. Nikula, Mark D. Hoover, W. Griffith, R. Guilmette","doi":"10.1089/JAM.1996.9.477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/JAM.1996.9.477","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The new respiratory tract dosimetry model of the International Commission on Radiological Protection incorporates long-term retention of radioactive particles in conducting airways in its radiation dosimetry calculations. Values for long-term retention must be realistic to gain acceptance of the model and allow meaningful airway calculations. In the present study, Beagle dogs were used to evaluate particle clearance and determine if particles were retained in conducting airways of the lung. After anesthesia, a fiberoptic bronchoscope was used to position a microspray nozzle in specific airways having internal diameters of about 4,8, and 15 mm. The dogs were made temporarily apneic, and the dosing volume was expelled through the microspray nozzle using 1 ml of air. In the clearance experiments, dogs were administered either about 8 × 106 radiolabeled 3–4 μm polystyrene latex microspheres or 3 × 105 radiolabeled 1.5-μm fused aluminosilicate particles in 20-μl of saline suspension. External counting...","PeriodicalId":14879,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung","volume":"24 1","pages":"477-499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74917571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Deposition of Inhaled Particles: Discussion of Present Modeling Techniques 吸入颗粒沉积:当前建模技术的讨论
Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/JAM.1996.9.343
L. Gradoń, A. Podǵorski
{"title":"Deposition of Inhaled Particles: Discussion of Present Modeling Techniques","authors":"L. Gradoń, A. Podǵorski","doi":"10.1089/JAM.1996.9.343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/JAM.1996.9.343","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A mathematical model of particle deposition in the mammalian respiratory system should include the following elements: morphology and geometry of the lung, gas flow structure in the inspiration–expiration cycle, and pattern of particle deposition as a result of particle mass and geometry coupled with the first two elements. The particle trajectory concept and particles population balance concept are discussed as the ways for calculating the efficiency of deposition. The influence of the particle shape, growth caused by water vapor deposition, coagulation, and deformation of the airways on the deposition is emphasized.","PeriodicalId":14879,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung","volume":"29 1","pages":"343-355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75749350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Reconstruction of the Lung Geometry for the Simulation of Aerosol Transport 模拟气溶胶输送的肺几何结构重建
Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/JAM.1996.9.409
M. Perzl, H. Schulz, H. Paretzke, K. Englmeier, J. Heyder
{"title":"Reconstruction of the Lung Geometry for the Simulation of Aerosol Transport","authors":"M. Perzl, H. Schulz, H. Paretzke, K. Englmeier, J. Heyder","doi":"10.1089/JAM.1996.9.409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/JAM.1996.9.409","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Most computer simulations of gas and particle transport in the human lungs use idealized lung geometries. In this study we present an approach to make real lung geometries available for computer simulations. Two-dimensional images of a cast of canine lungs were obtained by high-resolution computer tomography (HRCT). These images were then combined to a three-dimensional grayscale volume data set that was processed by means of image processing. From the resulting three-dimensional volume data set a three-dimensional polygonal surface representation consisting of triangles and quadrilaterals was obtained. The surface reconstruction method used, surface primitive algorithm (SPA),(15) does not falsify the original CT data and thus the surface representation shows an excellent conformity with the original cast. This polygonal surface can be used to generate a finite element mesh necessary to perform computational fluid dynamics calculations. Future aspects of the present work will be the production of...","PeriodicalId":14879,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung","volume":"4 1","pages":"409-418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75626243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
Flow patterns in three-dimensional laryngeal models 三维喉部模型的血流模式
Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/JAM.1996.9.501
I. Katz, T. Martonen
{"title":"Flow patterns in three-dimensional laryngeal models","authors":"I. Katz, T. Martonen","doi":"10.1089/JAM.1996.9.501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/JAM.1996.9.501","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A three-dimensional model of the larynx was created based on morphometric measurements of replica human casts. The larynx is simulated as a 6-cm-long cylinder with circular entrance and ex...","PeriodicalId":14879,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung","volume":"1 1","pages":"501-511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76540871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
Air Flow and Particle Deposition Patterns in Bronchial Airway Bifurcations: The Effect of Different CFD Models and Bifurcation Geometries 支气管气道分岔中的气流和颗粒沉积模式:不同CFD模型和分岔几何形状的影响
Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/JAM.1996.9.287
I. Balásházy, T. Heistracher, W. Hofmann
{"title":"Air Flow and Particle Deposition Patterns in Bronchial Airway Bifurcations: The Effect of Different CFD Models and Bifurcation Geometries","authors":"I. Balásházy, T. Heistracher, W. Hofmann","doi":"10.1089/JAM.1996.9.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/JAM.1996.9.287","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The simulation of the experimentally observed inhomogeneity of particle deposition within human airway bifurcations requires the application of numerical methods for the solution of the equations governing the air flow and the motion of particles entrained in the airstream. In this paper, the effects of different computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models and airway bifurcation geometries on the resulting air flow fields and related particle deposition patterns are discussed. First, two different numerical approaches for the solution of the Navier–Stokes equations are compared with each other. In our earlier model (Model I), the three-dimensional air velocity field is calculated with a finite difference code, while the FIRE® finite volume CFD program package is employed in our more recent approach (Model II). The particle deposition parts are similar for both CFD models: trajectories of aerosol particles are simulated under the action of inertial impaction, gravitational settling, Brownian motion,...","PeriodicalId":14879,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung","volume":"17 2 1","pages":"287-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78493943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 53
Numerical Simulation of Air and Particle Transport in the Conducting Airways 导电气道中空气和粒子输运的数值模拟
Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/JAM.1996.9.303
G. Ferron, D. Edwards
{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Air and Particle Transport in the Conducting Airways","authors":"G. Ferron, D. Edwards","doi":"10.1089/JAM.1996.9.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/JAM.1996.9.303","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The results of numerical simulations of air and particle transport through symmetrically branching airways are summarized. These results shed light upon differences in simulated flow and particle transport behavior for (1) steady versus unsteady flow patterns, (2) two- versus three-dimensional geometries, and (3) natural versus forced user-defined entrance and exit boundary conditions. It is shown that the \"steadyflow\" approximation of inherently unsteady airway transport can lead to a loss of resolution of unique airflow patterns that appear to arise during the process of flow reversal. Assuming a two-dimensional geometry can result in a substantial underprediction of aerodynamic stresses, especially in the case of turbulent flows. Also, assigning entrance and exit boundary conditions can lead to the observation of gas and aerosol transport effects that do not occur during the course of natural breathing processes. It is shown that these latter effects may potentially be eliminated by extending ...","PeriodicalId":14879,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung","volume":"45 1","pages":"303-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77053266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Spinning Disk Aerosol Generators as a Low Energy Alternative to Medical Air-Jet Nebulizers: Theory and Experiment 旋转圆盘气溶胶发生器作为医用喷气雾化器的低能量替代品:理论与实验
Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/JAM.1996.9.249
David L. Johnson, N. Esmen, M. Polikandritou-Lambros
{"title":"Spinning Disk Aerosol Generators as a Low Energy Alternative to Medical Air-Jet Nebulizers: Theory and Experiment","authors":"David L. Johnson, N. Esmen, M. Polikandritou-Lambros","doi":"10.1089/JAM.1996.9.249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/JAM.1996.9.249","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Inhalation delivery of medicinal agents offers significant therapeutic advantages, including direct administration to target tissues, rapid uptake and distribution, and avoidance of drug degradation and side effects associated with other routes of administration. Medical air-jet nebulizers are widely used in these applications, but recent advances in drug carrier systems development suggest that air-jet nebulization may not be the most appropriate technique for aerosolization of emerging energy-sensitive carriers such as liposome suspensions. In this work, net energy input to therapeutic aerosols and the resulting damage to drug carrier systems are examined from both theoretical and experimental approaches. From theory, equations describing net energy input are derived for air-jet nebulizer and spinning disk aerosol generator systems, and evaluated using design and operating values for two commercially available instruments, a Collison 3-jet nebulizer and an MkII Spinning Top Aerosol Generator (S...","PeriodicalId":14879,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aerosol Medicine-deposition Clearance and Effects in The Lung","volume":"1 1","pages":"249-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85918066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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