Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Interactive Effects of CO2 Enrichment and Nitrogen Levels on Leaf Gas Exchange Capacities of Sweet Potato","authors":"J. Suresh Kumar,&nbsp;R. Saravanan,&nbsp;V. Ravi,&nbsp;J. Sreekumar,&nbsp;S. Sunitha,&nbsp;Sanket J. More","doi":"10.1111/jac.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Different nitrogen (<i>N</i>) doses may stimulate the photosynthetic responses of sweet potato under CO₂-enriched environment (ECO₂). The photosynthetic responses of two varieties, Sree Arun and Sree Kanaka, were adjudicated under varying nitrogen levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 100%, and 125% of the recommended <i>N</i> dose), exposed to ambient CO₂ (400 ppm) and elevated CO₂ (600 and 800 ppm). The results indicated that, compared to ambient CO₂, the net photosynthetic rate (<i>P</i>_n) and intercellular CO₂ (<i>C</i>_i) were significantly increased at ECO₂, while stomatal conductance (<i>g</i>_s) and transpiration (<i>E</i>) were significantly exacerbated. This resulted in an improved intrinsic (<i>P</i>_n/<i>g</i>_s) and instantaneous water use efficiency (<i>P</i>_n/<i>E</i>). Relative humidity and vapour pressure deficit during the time of measurements remained at 73%–85% and ~0.95–1.42 kPa, respectively, at 28°C ± 2°C leaf temperature. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that higher <i>N</i> doses increased photosynthesis and improved plant water relations by modulating stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. Overall, the responses of sweet potato plants to ECO₂ and <i>N</i> supply were genotypic-dependent, and nitrogen application could play an important role in modulating these responses under ECO₂. The findings from this study provide valuable insights for tailoring nitrogen-based management practices for sweet potato in a carbon-enriched environment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Association of Yield and Yield Components Among Selected Bread Wheat Genotypes Under Silicon Fertilisation and Drought Conditions’","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jac.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Christian, M. M., Shimelis, H., Laing, M. D. and Tsilo, T. J. (2025), Association of Yield and Yield Components Among Selected Bread Wheat Genotypes Under Silicon Fertilisation and Drought Conditions. <i>Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science</i>, 211: e70020. https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.70020.</p><p>In Table 4, the treatment headings (Liquid Si and Granular Si) were missed. The corrected Table 4 is shown below:</p><p>We apologise for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought Stress at Different Growth Stages Affects the Capacities of Sinks and Two Carbon Sources of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"Jingya Yang,&nbsp;Xi Liang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drought stress reduces cereal crop growth and yield due to modifications to interactions between sink and source. However, little research has investigated multiple carbon sources and their relationships with sink capacities, especially in response to drought stress at different growth stages. The objective of this study was thus to examine two major carbon sources (i.e., photosynthetic assimilation in the flag leaf and remobilisation of pre-anthesis reserves in stems) and their interactions with sink strength in response to drought stress at different phenological stages. A greenhouse experiment was conducted at five water regimes: well-watered (WW), progressive drought (PD), and drought stress (DS) during vegetative growth (DS-V), early reproductive growth (DS-ER), and post-anthesis (DS-PA). Compared with the WW regime, the DS-V treatment reduced shoot biomass, grain yield, number of grains per pot, grain weight, harvest index, and water-soluble carbohydrates in stems despite the recovered photosynthesis after rehydration. Wheat plants subject to DS-PA exhibited reduced shoot biomass, grain yield, grain weight, and post-anthesis photosynthetic rate but greater depletion of water-soluble carbohydrates in stems during grain filling relative to the WW regime. Grain yield positively correlated with residual water-soluble carbohydrates in stems and late-season photosynthetic rates. This study demonstrated yield losses associated with changes in sink and source capacities in response to drought stress at different phenological stages and showcased the predominant role of the two carbon sources in grain filling.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Assessment of F2:3 Testcrosses of Maize (Zea mays L.) for Physiological Traits Vis-a-Vis Grain Yield Under Heat Stress and Drought Conditions","authors":"H. Basavarajeshwari,&nbsp;P. H. Kuchanur,&nbsp;P. H. Zaidi,&nbsp;M. T. Vinayan,&nbsp;Ayyanagouda Patil,&nbsp;R. P. Patil,&nbsp;J. M. Nidagundi,&nbsp;B. Arunkumar","doi":"10.1111/jac.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Heat and drought stresses negatively affect maize grain yields. Identification and deployment of high-yielding and stress-tolerant maize hybrids adapted to stress-prone agro-ecologies is important for improving smallholding farmers' food security and livelihoods. The adaptation level among maize genotypes under heat and drought stresses is strongly affected by morphological and physiological aspects. The physiological traits, Normalised Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI), Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) values, and morphological trait, leaf rolling, can be used as important secondary traits for the identification of the stress-tolerant genotypes, in addition to grain yield. In this view, the present study was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Bheemarayangudi, and the Main Agricultural Research Station, Raichur, under heat stress (Summer-2020 &amp; 2021) and drought (<i>Rabi</i>-2021-22) conditions. NDVI values ranged from 0.23–0.44 in bi-parental population 1 (BIP1) and 0.25–0.57 in bi-parental population 2 (BIP2) under drought conditions. The range of SPAD values was less under drought conditions, as 9.2–22.3 in BIP1 and 10.6–24.8 in BIP2, compared to heat stress, as it ranged from 12.0–24.7 in BIP1 to 14.1–31.4 in BIP2. It may be due to a decrease in mean chlorophyll content values under drought stress conditions. The entry ZH201138 showed delayed leaf rolling and recorded a lower leaf rolling score of 2, registering a higher grain yield of 1.81 t ha⁻¹ under drought stress condition. SPAD values registered a significant positive correlation with yield under heat stress (<i>r</i> = 0.77 and 0.68) and under drought stress condition (<i>r</i> = 0.49 and 0.83). NDVI showed a significant positive correlation with the grain yield (<i>r</i> = 0.63 and 0.63) under drought stress condition. Leaf rolling was negatively correlated with the grain yield. Therefore, it was concluded that NDVI and SPAD could be used as secondary traits to identify genotypes tolerant to both heat and drought stress, while the entries that showed delayed leaf rolling could be considered tolerant to drought stress.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143072444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Severe Salt Stress on Respiratory and Biochemical Parameters in Legumes With Differential Nodulation Form","authors":"José Ortiz,&nbsp;Carolina Sanhueza,&nbsp;Pablo Yaupi,&nbsp;Fabián Plaza,&nbsp;Catalina Castro,&nbsp;Mario Paniagua-López,&nbsp;Teodoro Coba de la Peña,&nbsp;Miguel López-Gómez,&nbsp;Luisa Bascuñán-Godoy,&nbsp;Néstor Fernández Del-Saz","doi":"10.1111/jac.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Legumes are among the most utilised agronomic plant species due to their symbiotic association with N₂-fixing bacteria. Since N₂ fixation entails high ATP cost, salt stress disrupts N₂ fixation in the symbiont, but increases the production of osmolytes and antioxidant systems in the host plant. This results in competition for C allocation between osmoprotection in the host and continued supply to the symbiont for N acquisition, which may result in different plant responses to salinity. Two-nodule types of plant species with contrasting carbon requirements for organic N₂ fixation can be found within legume species; determinate and indeterminate. In this study, we tested responses of respiratory carbon metabolism, nitrogen assimilation and antioxidant machinery in leaves and roots of <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> (determinate nodules) and <i>Pisum sativum</i> (indeterminate nodules) 24 and 72 h after salt treatment (300 mM of NaCl). In <i>P. sativum,</i> we observed that nitrogenase activity was maintained at 24 h, but showed a strong decrease at 72 h together with cytochrome activity. On contrast, in <i>P. vulgaris,</i> respiration rates were maintained by an enhanced antioxidant activity under salinity although at the expense of nodule metabolism. Despite of the severity of the salt stress for N₂ fixation, both species showed similar mechanisms to cope with salinity, like the maintenance of alternative respiration and increased antioxidant defence, that are worthy to be tested in the long term under field conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Stress Indices as Indicators of Silage Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Productivity Under Drought Conditions","authors":"Mualla Keten Gokkus,&nbsp;Cagatay Tanriverdi,&nbsp;Hasan Degirmenci","doi":"10.1111/jac.70025","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Silage soybeans subjected to water stress show symptoms as if it had been subjected to drought stress due to lack of rainfall. Understanding how water stress impacts crop yield is crucial for developing effective irrigation strategies in drought-inclined areas. This study investigates the relationship between silage soybean forage yield and water stress indices, specifically the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) and the Water Deficit Index (WDI). In addition, water-yield relations were also determined. The study was carried out in a randomised complete block design with four irrigation levels (S100, S75, S50, S25), three replications, and a period of 2 years. At the end of the study, crop evapotranspiration (ET), irrigation (I), water use efficiency (WUE) and forage yield decreased as irrigation water levels were reduced from S100 to S25. ET was found to be between 501 and 755 mm, WUE was found to be between 2.61 and 3.58 kg m⁻³, irrigation water use efficiency was found to be between 2.53 and 2.97 kg m⁻³, forage yield was found to be between 15.4 and 26.2 t ha⁻¹, WDI varied between 0.16 and 0.5, and CWSI ranged between 0.34 and 0.90. The results revealed that silage soybean should be irrigated when the average CWSI value is nearly 0.36 and the average WDI value is nearly 0.26 for high yield. The rate of decrease in forage yield from S100 to S25 was compared with the rate of increase in WDI and CWSI. In the first year of the study, there was a 45% decrease in forage yield between S100 and S25, while CWSI increased by 65%. However, this situation was 40% in WDI. In the second year of the study, there was a 38% decrease in forage yield from S100 to S25, while CWSI increased by 33% and WDI increased by 26%. The relationship between forage yield and stress indices is inversely proportional. The fact that the values in CWSI were proportionally higher than WDI suggested that the calculations were made without taking into account the soil temperatures during the measurement. Water stress indices were correlated with forage yield and regression analysis was performed. Although relations of forage yield and water stress indices showed slightly higher correlations with WDI, this could not strongly suggest that WDI was more accurate than CWSI. In order to obtain clearer results in the comparison studies of water stress indices, it is recommended to carry out studies with different varieties for more than 2 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jac.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat Stress Response Mechanisms and Resilience Strategies in Wheat","authors":"Anab Khanzada,&nbsp;Keshuang Yan,&nbsp;Wenhao Hu,&nbsp;Maguje Malko,&nbsp;Khalid Ali Khan,&nbsp;Yinguang Bao,&nbsp;Noureddine Elboughdiri,&nbsp;Yan Li","doi":"10.1111/jac.70023","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Heat stress is a significant climatic hazard, intensified by rising global temperatures and frequent heatwaves, hindering wheat production. Heat stress damage wheat maturity resulting in morphophysiological changes, biochemical disturbances and a decline in genetic potential. Understanding the morpho–physio–biochemical responses of wheat to heat stress is essential for identifying tolerance mechanisms and developing effective strategies to protect wheat under changing climatic conditions. Plants have evolved various mechanisms to cope with heat stress, which include alterations in their morphological and growth responses, as well as adjustments in physiological and biochemical pathways, alongside modifications in enzymatic activities. Recent advancements in conventional, molecular breeding and transgenic methods have facilitated the development of heat-tolerant wheat cultivars exhibiting adaptive responses to heat stress whilst maintaining quality and productivity. This review illuminated the morpho-physiological, biochemical and molecular impacts of heat stress, the mechanisms of tolerance and adaptation strategies in wheat. Besides, we aimed to explore the integration of innovative use of heat priming and the application of smoke water treatment for stress mitigation, thus providing the basis for identifying and promoting effective management practices to mitigate the effects of heat stress in wheat.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"24-Epibrassinolide Improves Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Tolerance to Alkaline Salt Stress by Regulating Antioxidant Defence and Photosynthetic Properties","authors":"Yong Wang,&nbsp;Ruyan Zhang,&nbsp;Xingxing Wang,&nbsp;Shujuan Jiao,&nbsp;Weina Zhang,&nbsp;Yichen Kang,&nbsp;Ming Li,&nbsp;Jiali Xie,&nbsp;Xinyu Yang,&nbsp;Yuhui Liu,&nbsp;Shuhao Qin","doi":"10.1111/jac.70022","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alkaline salt stress, as a more diverse stress, severely affects the growth and development of potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) and leads to yield reduction. Brassinosteroids have been shown to regulate plant growth and play an essential role under environmental stress. However, the physiological responses by which brassinosteroids confer alkaline salt stress tolerance in potato remain unclear. We used potato ‘<i>Atlantic</i>’ as experimental material. The effects of 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μmol·L⁻¹ of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) on the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of potato under alkaline salt stress (300 mmol·L⁻¹ NaHCO₃) were studied. The results showed that exogenous EBR increased the antioxidant enzyme activities, increased the content of osmoregulatory substances and decreased the production of peroxidation products in potato leaves under alkaline salt stress. EBR treatment improved the photosynthetic characteristics by accumulating more photosynthetic pigments. This was manifested by an increase in net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance, and a decrease in intercellular carbon dioxide concentration. In addition, exogenous EBR increased the maximal quantum yield of photosystem II photochemistry and the effective PSII quantum yield of potato PSII under alkaline salt stress and ultimately increased yield. Potato tuber yield was significantly increased by 27.31% and 29.17% in T4 treatment compared to T1 in 2022 and 2023, respectively. Cluster and correlation analyses further demonstrated the beneficial effects of exogenous EBR on physiology, photosynthetic characteristics and potato yield under alkaline salt stress. In conclusion, exogenous EBR can enhance the tolerance of potato to alkaline salt stress by improving the antioxidant system and photosynthesis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid Mulch Can Improve the Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Summer Maize (Zea mays L.) Planted in Furrow-Ridge Rainwater Harvesting Systems","authors":"Guangxu Guo,&nbsp;Yuren Tang,&nbsp;Zinan Yan,&nbsp;Juanjuan Zhang,&nbsp;Yuehe Zhang,&nbsp;Yuqing Zhang,&nbsp;Junbo Cao,&nbsp;Xu Sun,&nbsp;Wei Song,&nbsp;Muhammad Shoaib Asad,&nbsp;Weili Sun,&nbsp;Tie Cai,&nbsp;Xining Zhao,&nbsp;Enke Liu,&nbsp;Xiaolong Ren","doi":"10.1111/jac.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The frequent occurrence of drought is an important factor restricting economic as well as sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, to address the issue of seasonal drought during summer in dry semi-humid areas of Guanzhong Plain, a biodegradable liquid film is used to replace the plastic film for ridge–furrow rainwater harvesting in summer maize cultivation. The experiment was conducted for 2 years (2022–2023), including seven treatments, such as three ridge–furrow ratios with two different mulching materials, while flat planting is a control treatment. The results showed that ridge covering with liquid film (RFL) enhances leaf area and dry matter accumulation as well as improves soil moisture and temperature during the early growth stages of maize. However, the average dry matter accumulation of RFL at maturity stage increased by 6.92% as compared to control (CK). Additionally, the average leaf area of RFL enhanced by 4.52% and 9.06% in contrast to no mulching of soil ridges (RFS) and CK treatments, whereas RFL delayed leaf senescence at the filling stage, providing favourable conditions for high yield. Although, in 2022, the yield as well as water use efficiency (WUE) under RFL increased by 3.3% and 16.13%, than CK treatments, in 2023, they boosted by 13.92% and 20.79%, respectively. In both years, instead of drought during the early growth stages of growth, RFL enhanced both the yield and WUE of summer maize. Therefore, liquid film can be preferred rather than plastic film in dry semi-humid areas. However, the results also indicated that the optimal ridge–furrow ratio for both yield and WUE is significantly affected by different years and climate conditions. So, further research is needed to study the yield and WUE under various rainfall patterns.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Shade Stress on the Synthesis of Cellulose and Lignin in Maize Nodal Roots","authors":"Liu Shengqin,&nbsp;Liu Yuze,&nbsp;Liu Shengqun,&nbsp;Ma Yue,&nbsp;Dai Mingmei,&nbsp;Liu Junren,&nbsp;Liu Chang","doi":"10.1111/jac.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jac.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low solar radiation is an important factor affecting maize root growth and development. Roots have an anchoring function, and their important components are cellulose and lignin. Here, shade experiments were conducted using shade nets with 50% light transmittance (L₅₀). The experiment was conducted in 2021 and 2022 using the ‘Xianyu 335’ maize variety under two nitrogen conditions (N₁ = 180 kg ha⁻¹ and N₂ = 240 kg ha⁻¹) to investigate the effect of shading on the structural carbohydrate content of maize nodal roots. The results showed that light had a highly significant effect on cellulose and lignin contents. Compared with normal light (L₁₀₀), the cellulose content significantly decreased by 10.36%–13.87% and the lignin content significantly decreased by 12.96%–18.68% under shading (L₅₀). Shading decreased the sucrose and soluble sugar contents and the cellulose and lignin-related enzyme activities. The cellulose and lignin contents were significantly positively correlated with the sucrose content. The cellulose content at the silking (R1) stage was significantly positively correlated with the soluble sugar content and sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase activities at the 15th leaf (V15) stage; the lignin content at R1 was significantly positively correlated with the soluble sugar content and SS, acid invertase, tyrosine ammonia-lyase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities at V15. Genes related to cellulose synthesis, including <i>sucrose synthase</i> (<i>SS</i>), <i>cellulose synthase</i> (<i>CESA</i>), <i>cellulose synthase-interactive protein 1</i> (<i>CSI1</i>), <i>Chitinase-Like1</i> (<i>CTL1</i>) and <i>STELLO2</i> (<i>STL2</i>), were downregulated under shading, as were the lignin synthesis-related <i>phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase</i> (<i>PTAL</i>), <i>4-coumarate-CoA ligase</i> (<i>4CL</i>) and <i>peroxidase</i> (<i>POD</i>) genes. Auxin and jasmonic acid were significantly affected by light and decreased under shading, thereby reducing cellulose and lignin synthesis. These findings provide theoretical support for the development of appropriate maize cultivation practices under reduced solar radiation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}