Irrigation and Drainage最新文献

{"title":"A review of lysimeters from the perspective of measurement performance and intelligent development in China","authors":"Zehai Gao,&nbsp;Dongzhe Yang,&nbsp;Chengcheng Li,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zhang,&nbsp;Quanjiu Wang","doi":"10.1002/ird.2997","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ird.2997","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lysimeters are critical instruments for studying infiltration, runoff and evapotranspiration processes in the hydrological cycle and play a critical role in promoting efficient water-saving irrigation. This paper provides a systematic review of the development process and research status of lysimeters, progressing from simple to complex designs, from single instruments to clusters, and from manual measurement to intelligent monitoring. The working principles of various types of lysimeter were first described based on Chinese lysimeter patents over the past 20 years. Second, this paper analyses the measurement performance and application scope of different lysimeters and further studies the weighting stability of various weighing lysimeters. Third, by analysing sources of measurement error, the reliability improvement methods of lysimeters are analysed from the aspects of environment control and sensor compensation. Fourth, this paper reviews typical research on the automation and informatization of lysimeters and discusses future intelligent developments and application prospects for lysimeters in complex environments. Finally, the measurement performance of different lysimeters is analysed based on experimental data sets. This paper puts forward some suggestions for developing lysimeters with high performance, high efficiency and high reliability, hoping to promote the development of intelligent agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"276-298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The design and hydraulic performance studies of a Tesla valve-type drip irrigation emitter","authors":"Tianyu Xu,&nbsp;Changjiang Lin,&nbsp;Qiuyue Yu,&nbsp;Ennan Zheng","doi":"10.1002/ird.2996","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ird.2996","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Tesla valve-type drip irrigation emitter is a novel type of drip irrigation emitter that allows one-way fluid flow and sharp water flow diversion. Orthogonal test schemes were employed to analyse the impact of structural parameters and energy dissipation mechanisms on hydraulic performance. The effect of vortex partitioning in forward and reverse flow channels on hydraulic performance was analysed. A prediction model for the emitter discharge exponent (flow index) of the structural parameters was established. The results indicated that the emitter discharge exponents of forward-Tesla valve-type drip irrigation emitters (FTEs) ranged from 0.47 to 0.506, and those of reverse-Tesla valve-type drip irrigation emitters (RTEs) ranged from 0.51 to 0.533. There was a significant disparity in the distribution of vortex zones between the FTE and RTE. The local loss coefficients of the FTE were 2.12–10.84, and those of the RTE were 1.00–3.71. The channel width <i>D</i> had a substantial impact on the emitter discharge exponents of the FTE and RTE, whereas the inlet length of diverter <i>K</i>, the length of the bevelled edge of raindrop-type diverter <i>B</i> and the opening angle of raindrop-type diverter <i>θ</i> had relatively smaller effects on the emitter discharge exponent. The determination coefficients of the regression model for the FTE and RTE were 0.89 and 0.84, respectively. The relative errors between the simulated and estimated values were −4.57% to 1.21%, and the experimental and estimated values were −3.72% to −1.45% in the FTE. The relative errors between the simulated and estimated values were −0.98% to 2.86%, and the experimental and estimated values were −3.72% to 1.45% in the RTE. These relative errors were all under 5%, indicating that the estimation of the emitter discharge exponent can be more accurate.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"27-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141673576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact assessment of the adaptation of modernization to the Indian agrarian society: Empirical evidence from the Haraiya Block of Azamgarh District, Uttar Pradesh","authors":"K. M. Reetu Rani,&nbsp;Alok Kumar Dubey,&nbsp;Mahvish Anjum","doi":"10.1002/ird.2999","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ird.2999","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agriculture, the mainstay of the rural economy in India, is changing due to globalization, which brings both opportunities and challenges for farmers. This study aimed to explore the degree of adaptation to modernization and challenges in rural society engaged in agricultural activities in Azamgarh District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh. A total of 300 farmers were selected randomly and surveyed across 10 villages in the Haraiya Block. Data analysis was based on Karl Pearson's correlation, Likert scale and Z-score techniques. The findings of this study reveal that global change has a direct impact on rural society. However, in some villages, a lack of knowledge about modern equipment and the proper use of insecticides and fertilizers are major constraints that hamper the efficiency of farmers. The majority of farmers are unable to access membership in various farmer associations. Caste barriers have loosened, but due to indebtedness and economic uncertainty, family disintegration rates have dramatically increased in some areas. Farmers tend to change their occupations and migrate to other places for better opportunities. Policy recommendations include the following: The government should take the initiative to enhance farmers' local participation and grassroots-level development by formulating farmer-friendly policies and programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"389-401"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141673188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water depth and cross-sectional area relationships in sloping surface irrigation systems","authors":"Amin Seyedzadeh,&nbsp;Amir Panahi,&nbsp;Eisa Maroufpoor","doi":"10.1002/ird.2994","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ird.2994","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The equations governing variations in water depth and cross-sectional area along a field are crucial for solving the Saint-Venant equations and determining surface water volume via the volume balance method to determine other hydraulic parameters of surface irrigation systems. Various researchers have proposed different formulations for this equation based on varying assumptions. In many investigations, the flow depth profile has been assumed to be parallel to the furrow bottom or modelled as an elliptical relationship. This study explored four different forms of equation to analyse changes in the water depth profile and to refine its mathematical representation. The coefficients of these equations were derived as functions of the surface storage coefficient. Using field data, the surface storage coefficient values and, consequently, the coefficients of the proposed relationships were determined. The calculated values of the flow cross-sectional area along the field and the water surface storage volume were compared with the measured values using the established relationships. The most accurate relationship for estimating the flow depth profile was identified through this analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"148-160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141677549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the vadose zone with an automatic infiltration data logger for the BEST algorithm","authors":"Alireza Baqerkhani,&nbsp;Hamid Zare Abyaneh,&nbsp;Omid Bahmani,&nbsp;Hamed Nozari","doi":"10.1002/ird.2993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2993","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Our study discusses the development and testing of an automated infiltration data logger device within the context of the Beerkan estimation of soil transfer parameters (BEST) algorithm. The main purpose of our study was to compare automated and manual data retrieval methods and their impact on the output results of the BEST algorithm. The device monitors the cumulative infiltration of water into the soil under a constant pressure water head, storing all relevant information. One notable advantage of this device is its ability to save electronic data. The device underwent a trial test at a farm in Kermanshah province, Iran. The BEST algorithm was used to calculate the saturated hydraulic conductivity using cumulative infiltration curves, and a comparison was made between the manual technique and the automated data logger infiltrometer method for extracting cumulative infiltration data. The average standard differences in the BEST algorithms between the manual method and the automated data collection method were 39% and 6%, respectively. An automated data logger infiltrometer offers benefits such as preventing soil surface disturbance, providing a constant water head for accurate calculations of hydraulic conductivity, improving measurement speed, reducing the time required for water penetration, enhancing data collection accuracy and not requiring a professional operator.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"128-138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reasons of sprinkler freezing and rotational irrigation for frost protection in tea plantations","authors":"Qingmin Pan,&nbsp;Yongguang Hu","doi":"10.1002/ird.2995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2995","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Sprinkler irrigation can effectively reduce the rate of frostbite on cash crop buds and young fruits. In this study, we propose applying the rotational irrigation method in frost protection to achieve water conservation, simplify the sprinkler system and expand the frost protection area. The freezing test of various sprinklers in a frosty environment (approximately −4.0°C) was conducted to determine the maximum duration of sprinkling cessation for the microsprinkler, butterfly-shaped sprinkler, impact sprinkler and MegaNet sprinkler. The results indicate that the butterfly-shaped sprinkler and impact sprinkler freeze after 4 and 3 min, respectively. In contrast, the microsprinkler and MegaNet sprinkler do not freeze even after 10.0 min. The temperature increase amplitude and rate of the microsprinkler are significantly greater. At an ambient temperature of −4.0°C, three areas were irrigated with microsprinklers. Each sprinkler had a rotation interval of 3.0 min of spraying followed by 6.0 min of stopping. This ensured that the canopy temperature was maintained at approximately −1.0°C. The water consumption was only one-third of that used in continuous sprinkler irrigation. This sprinkler irrigation method for frost protection is more water efficient than traditional continuous sprinkler irrigation and easier to operate and maintain than existing automatic sprinkler irrigation methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;L'irrigation par aspersion peut réduire efficacement le taux d'engelures sur les bourgeons et les jeunes fruits des cultures commerciales Dans cette étude, nous proposons d'appliquer la méthode d'irrigation par rotation pour la protection contre le gel afin d'économiser l'eau, de simplifier le système d'aspersion et d'élargir la zone de protection contre le gel. L'essai de gel de divers asperseurs dans un environnement glacial (environ −4,0°C) a été effectué pour déterminer la durée maximale de l'arrêt de l'aspersion du micro-asperseur, de l'asperseur en forme de papillon, de l'asperseur à impact et de l'asperseur Méganet. Les résultats indiquent que l'asperseur en forme de papillon et l'asperseur à impact gèlent après 4 et 3 min, respectivement. En revanche, le micro-asperseur et le l'asperseur Méganet ne gèlent pas même après 10,0 min. L'amplitude d'augmentation de température et le taux du micro-asperseur sont nettement plus élevés. À une température ambiante de − 4,0°C, trois zones ont été irriguées avec des micro-asperseurs. Chaque asperseur avait un intervalle de rotation de 3,0 min de pulvérisation suivie de 6,0 min d'arrêt. Ainsi, la température du couvert était maintenue à environ −1,0°C. La consommation de l'eau ne représentait qu'un tiers de celle utilisée pour l'irrigation par aspersion continue. Cette méthode d'irrigation par aspersion pour la protection contre le gel est plus efficace en eau que l'irrigation par aspersion continue traditionnelle et plus facile à utiliser et à entretenir que les méthodes d'irrigation par aspersion automatiques ","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning from farmers' knowledge on participatory irrigation management using Q-methodology","authors":"George Kimbowa,&nbsp;Joshua Wanyama,&nbsp;Muhmoud Mukaya,&nbsp;Daniel Otim,&nbsp;Thomas Awio,&nbsp;Moses Mugisha","doi":"10.1002/ird.2991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2991","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To sustain the performance of irrigation schemes, it is important to involve all stakeholders and enhance their management capacity. Using the Q-methodological approach, drivers of farmers' perceptions of the management of public irrigation schemes were explored, taking the Doho rice irrigation scheme as a case study. Thirty-nine male and female scheme farmers were selected from all 11 blocks based on the total number of Q-set items. For each participant, an after-Q-sort interview was conducted to verify the Q-sorting data. Farmers perceived that the establishment of a cooperative society, rehabilitation of the scheme and implementation of punishments for water-user fee defaulters are among the major factors in improving the performance of the scheme and thus the general increase in rice yield. However, there is a need to improve scheme performance by introducing new technology, capacity building through training and incentives. Based on the Q-sorting data analysis, four discourses were identified and summarized: (1) paying farmers; (2) disengaged farmers; (3) maintenance farmers; and (4) accountable farmers. All these factors contribute to key management challenges and thus to scheme performance. Local knowledge of the performance of existing schemes based on farmers' experiences is instrumental in guiding policy-making towards sustaining planned irrigation schemes and thus contributes to improved agricultural production and livelihoods.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"342-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transboundary aspects of agricultural water management","authors":"Ashwin B. Pandya","doi":"10.1002/ird.2998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2998","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"73 3","pages":"1225-1227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A practical and efficient approach to evaluating the irrigation water supply from electricity consumption: A case study in Siyang County, China","authors":"Yazhou Qin,&nbsp;Yansong Cui","doi":"10.1002/ird.2992","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ird.2992","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To facilitate agricultural water rights trading reform in China and improve the efficiency of agricultural irrigation, an effective and practical approach called the conversion coefficient from electricity consumption to irrigation water supply (CCECIWS) method is introduced in this study. Application of this method in Siyang County is meticulously investigated. First, four measurement strategies are employed for the precise estimation of the volume of irrigation water from agricultural irrigation water pumps (AIWPs) in Siyang County. Then, the CCECIWS data collected through on-site testing and the distribution pattern of the CCECIWSs of AIWPs are analysed, and the ranges of the CCECIWS values for different groups are delineated. Conjoint analysis is conducted to quantify the influence of two factors on the CCECIWSs. Finally, three regression models are developed and validated to predict the CCECIWSs for the remaining 60% of the total AIWPs, which are not tested on site. The prediction results show that the regression models have acceptable accuracy. The contribution of this research is the provision of a practical and efficient CCECIWS method to indirectly evaluate the irrigation water supply, saving both time and economic costs and laying the foundation for future research on this topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"362-374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drip irrigation for sustaining high sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) yield in marginally to moderately waterlogged saline vertisols of Karnataka, India","authors":"Rajkumar R.H.,&nbsp;Vishwanath J.,&nbsp;Annanagouda V. Karegoudar,&nbsp;Malharimartand J. Kaledhonkar,&nbsp;Anand S.R.,&nbsp;Anilkumar T. Dandekar,&nbsp;Raj Kumar Thakur","doi":"10.1002/ird.2990","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ird.2990","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the Tungabhadra project command, subsurface drainage is used to reclaim waterlogged saline areas, but its adoption is lower due to its high cost and highly skilled in nature. Irrigation water management could sustain high cane yields in mildly affected areas. A field experiment was conducted on waterlogged saline vertisols with sugarcane crops using surface drip, subsurface drip and furrow irrigation with water application amounts of 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 of evapotranspiration (ET). The subsurface drip at 1.2 ET resulted in more leaching of salts and a higher moisture content. Also it had the highest cane yield (131.0 t ha⁻¹), water productivity (WP) (8.30 kg m⁻³) and sugar WP (1.72 kg m⁻³) among the different methods. Among the irrigation levels, the 1.2 ET level had the highest cane yield (124.7 t ha⁻¹), lowest WP (6.89 kg m⁻³) and highest sugar WP (1.43 kg m⁻³). The highest benefit–cost ratio was recorded for the subsurface drip treatment. Depth to water table was greater for the subsurface drip treatment compared to the furrow treatment. Therefore, subsurface drip irrigation at 1.2 ET for sugarcane can act as a viable preventive measure for sustaining high cane yield in mildly waterlogged saline vertisols in the command.</p>","PeriodicalId":14848,"journal":{"name":"Irrigation and Drainage","volume":"74 1","pages":"182-198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141360437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}