Azariyas A. Challa MD, PhD , Bradford G. Hill PhD , Matthew A. Nystoriak PhD , Kara R. Gouwens BS , Dinesh K. Kalra MD
{"title":"Ketone Bodies in Cardiovascular Disease","authors":"Azariyas A. Challa MD, PhD , Bradford G. Hill PhD , Matthew A. Nystoriak PhD , Kara R. Gouwens BS , Dinesh K. Kalra MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.101328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.101328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence for the potential of ketone bodies (KBs) in the treatment of cardiovascular disease is growing rapidly. In addition to serving as sources of myocardial fuel, KBs exert an array of pleiotropic activities via multiple mechanisms. The vasculature is emerging as a key target of KBs. Recent small clinical studies have shown that the administration of exogenous KBs to patients with heart failure is associated with a marked reduction in systemic vascular resistance and improvement in myocardial function. Exogenous KBs have also been shown to increase coronary blood flow; decrease pulmonary vascular resistance; promote endothelial function and angiogenesis; increase skeletal muscle oxygenation and capillarization; and inhibit atherosclerosis, vascular calcification, and senescence. These vasculo-protective properties likely contribute to the beneficial effects of exogenous KBs observed in heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and myocardial ischemia/infarction, and suggest potential wide applications in several other cardiovascular diseases and related conditions. In this review, we will discuss the salutary vascular effects of KBs and their cardioprotective roles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14831,"journal":{"name":"JACC: Basic to Translational Science","volume":"10 8","pages":"Article 101328"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yinda Yu MSc , Shiying Lin MSc , Yueyun Pan MSc , Ning He MSc , Yanzhao Wu MD , Osman Ahmed MD, PhD , Ulf Hedin MD, PhD , Mikael C.I. Karlsson PhD , Nailin Li MD, PhD , Anton Gisterå MD, PhD
{"title":"Atheroprotective Immunity and Interleukin-10 Linked to Reduced Characteristics of Plaque Stability","authors":"Yinda Yu MSc , Shiying Lin MSc , Yueyun Pan MSc , Ning He MSc , Yanzhao Wu MD , Osman Ahmed MD, PhD , Ulf Hedin MD, PhD , Mikael C.I. Karlsson PhD , Nailin Li MD, PhD , Anton Gisterå MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.101322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.101322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autoimmunity to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is linked to atherosclerosis, with LDL immunization proposed as a preventive measure, but the mechanisms of atheroprotective immunity are not well understood. We investigated T-cell responses to LDL using 2 T-cell receptor transgenic mouse strains. At 52 weeks, BT1×HuBL mice showed reduced atherosclerosis, increased humoral responses against LDL, and lower plasma cholesterol. Conversely, BT3×HuBL mice had reduced atherosclerosis without changes in cholesterol, linked to increased type 1 regulatory T cells, interleukin (IL)-10 production, and decreased characteristics of plaque stability. In human plaques, IL10 mRNA negatively correlated with collagen content, and IL-10 inhibited collagen production in vitro. We conclude that atheroprotective LDL immunity elicits 2 distinct pathways: lipid-lowering immune responses and local anti-inflammatory IL-10 production. Because IL-10 is associated with decreased plaque stability and increased risk of cardiovascular events, treatments aimed at promoting IL-10 signaling over extended periods to reduce vascular inflammation should be carefully monitored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14831,"journal":{"name":"JACC: Basic to Translational Science","volume":"10 8","pages":"Article 101322"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Statins for the “SMuRFLess but Inflamed”","authors":"Paul M Ridker MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.101318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.101318","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14831,"journal":{"name":"JACC: Basic to Translational Science","volume":"10 8","pages":"Article 101318"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144642613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Cardiohepatic Axis in Heart Failure","authors":"Arick C. Park MD, PhD , Joel D. Schilling MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cardiogenic liver disease is a sequela of hepatic congestion from right heart failure that leads to hepatic dysfunction and adverse liver remodeling. Understanding the mechanisms and consequences of liver pathology in the syndrome of heart failure is an important unmet need in the care of patients with chronic heart failure. Liver congestion provokes profound responses in hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells including endothelial cells, macrophages, and hepatic stellate cells. However, the pathways that drive liver fibrosis and dysfunction are poorly understood. Recent human and preclinical data has begun to unravel the cellular landscape and molecular pathways that define cardiogenic liver disease. This review aims to discuss our current understanding of the cardiohepatic axis in heart failure while also highlighting knowledge gaps and opportunities for future investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14831,"journal":{"name":"JACC: Basic to Translational Science","volume":"10 7","pages":"Article 101312"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Debao Li MD , Yingying Xiao MD , Peisen Ruan MD, PhD , Zunmin Wan PhD , Yuqing Hu MD, PhD , Sijuan Sun MD, PhD , Zheng Wang MD , Sixie Zheng MD , Yi Yan PhD , Hao Chen MD, PhD , Hao Zhang MD, PhD , Chun Shen MD, PhD , Qi Sun MD, PhD , Lincai Ye MD, PhD
{"title":"Evaluation of Treatment Effect of Sirolimus on Pediatric Pulmonary Vein Stenosis Using a Neonatal Rat Model","authors":"Debao Li MD , Yingying Xiao MD , Peisen Ruan MD, PhD , Zunmin Wan PhD , Yuqing Hu MD, PhD , Sijuan Sun MD, PhD , Zheng Wang MD , Sixie Zheng MD , Yi Yan PhD , Hao Chen MD, PhD , Hao Zhang MD, PhD , Chun Shen MD, PhD , Qi Sun MD, PhD , Lincai Ye MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A modified neonatal rat model of pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) via bilateral pulmonary vein banding was introduced for the first time, providing a platform for understanding the pathophysiology of PVS and developing treatments. In addition, using this model, the mTOR inhibitor sirolimus was evaluated as a treatment for PVS and exhibited significant therapeutic effects, indicating the need for accelerated ethics approval in clinical settings where sirolimus is not yet in use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14831,"journal":{"name":"JACC: Basic to Translational Science","volume":"10 7","pages":"Article 101229"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gregory N. Milburn BS , Jania Bell BS , Austin G. Wellette-Hunsucker MS , Hollings Ruml , Andrew T. Yackzan MS , Kenneth S. Campbell PhD
{"title":"Myocardium From Patients With ATTR Amyloidosis Produces Less Force Secondary to Increased Fibrosis","authors":"Gregory N. Milburn BS , Jania Bell BS , Austin G. Wellette-Hunsucker MS , Hollings Ruml , Andrew T. Yackzan MS , Kenneth S. Campbell PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amyloid transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis is one of the most common infiltrative cardiomyopathies. Contractile, biochemical, and histological assays were performed on myocardium from patients with and without amyloid transthyretin amyloidosis. Force was reduced in amyloidosis, but calcium sensitivity was increased. The change in calcium sensitivity may reflect dephosphorylation of troponin I. The proportion of stiffness attributable to the extracellular matrix was larger in amyloidosis. Septal fibrosis and amyloid burden correlated with measurements from LV samples. Technetium pyrophosphate scans may detect increased microcalcifications in amyloidosis myocardium. Replacement of myocytes with extracellular matrix is the most important factor depressing contractile force in amyloidosis myocardium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14831,"journal":{"name":"JACC: Basic to Translational Science","volume":"10 7","pages":"Article 101271"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}