JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute最新文献

{"title":"Response to Liu, Xiao, Liu, et al.","authors":"Mark D Danese, John S Groundland","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djae333","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djae333","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"807-808"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision preclinical modeling to advance cancer treatment.","authors":"David H Gutmann, Jesse S Boehm, Elinor K Karlsson, Eric Padron, Mukund Seshadri, Deeann Wallis, Joshua C Snyder","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djae249","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djae249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new era of cancer management is underway in which treatments are being developed for the entire continuum of the disease process. The availability of genetically engineered and naturally occurring preclinical models serves as instructive platforms for evaluating therapeutic mechanisms. However, a major clinical challenge is that the entire malignancy process occurs across multiple scales including genetic mutations, malignant changes in cell behavior, dysregulated tumor microenvironments, and systemic adaptations in the host. A multidisciplinary group of investigators coalesced at the National Cancer Institute Oncology Models Forum with the overall goal to provide updates on the use of precision preclinical models of cancer. The benefits and limitations of preclinical models were discussed to identify strategies for maximizing opportunities in modeling that could inform future cancer prevention and treatment approaches. Our shared perspective is that the continuum of single cell, multicell, organoid, and in situ models are remarkable resources for the clinical challenges ahead. We provide a roadmap for parsing already available models and include preliminary recommendations for the application of next-generation preclinical modeling in cancer intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"586-594"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11972679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver elastography-based risk score for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma risk.","authors":"Chan Tian, Chunyan Ye, Haiyan Guo, Kun Lu, Juan Yang, Xiao Wang, Xinyuan Ge, Chengxiao Yu, Jing Lu, Longfeng Jiang, Qun Zhang, Ci Song","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djae304","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djae304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) via vibration-controlled transient elastography accurately assesses fibrosis. We aimed to develop a universal risk score for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with chronic hepatitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically selected predictors and developed the risk prediction model (HCC-LSM) in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) training cohort (n = 2251, median follow-up of 3.2 years). The HCC-LSM model was validated in an independent HBV validation cohort (n = 1191, median follow-up of 5.7 years) and a non-viral chronic liver disease (CLD) extrapolation cohort (n = 1189, median follow-up of 3.3 years). An HCC risk score was then constructed based on a nomogram. An online risk evaluation tool Liver Elastography-Based Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk Score (LEBER) was developed using ChatGPT4.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight routinely available predictors were identified, with LSM levels showing a significant dose-response relationship with HCC incidence (P < .001 by log-rank test). The HCC-LSM model exhibited excellent predictive performance in the HBV training cohort (C-index = 0.866) and the HBV validation cohort (C-index = 0.852), with good performance in the extrapolation CLD cohort (C-index = 0.769). The model demonstrated significantly superior discrimination compared to 6 previous models across the 3 cohorts. Cut-off values of 87.2 and 121.1 for the HCC-LSM score categorized participants into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups. An online public risk evaluation tool (LEBER; http://ccra.njmu.edu.cn/LEBER669.html) was developed to facilitate the use of HCC-LSM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The accessible, reliable risk score based on LSM accurately predicted HCC development in patients with chronic hepatitis, providing an effective risk assessment tool for HCC surveillance strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"761-771"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-grade serous ovarian cancer after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.","authors":"D Gareth Evans, Nicola Flaum, Emma J Crosbie","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djae328","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djae328","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"577-579"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RE: Childhood, adolescent, and young adulthood cancer risk in BRCA1 or BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers.","authors":"Christian P Kratz, Sharon E Plon, Philip J Lupo","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djaf027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"812-813"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The intersecting time, administrative, and financial burdens of a cancer diagnosis.","authors":"Helen M Parsons, Arjun Gupta, Patricia Jewett, Rachel I Vogel","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djae252","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djae252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer and its care create substantial financial, time, and administrative burdens both for patients and their loved ones. Although cancer-related financial burdens have been well documented in the past decade, time and administrative burdens of cancer care have received substantially less attention. We define time burdens as the burden patients and caregivers experience due to the time needed to complete cancer-related treatment and tasks that take away from other life responsibilities. Relatedly, we conceptualize administrative burdens as those burdens patients and caregivers experience due to cancer-related, resource-consuming bureaucratic and logistical tasks. Finally, financial hardship can be conceptualized as problems patients experience related to the cost of medical care. These burdens do not exist in isolation; time, administrative, and financial burdens intersect with and compound each other. Currently, we have limited evidence-based measures on the objective (eg, scheduling time, transportation, wait time) and subjective (eg, mental, emotional and physical stress) measures of time and administrative burden. We have even more limited evidence of the risk factors for and outcomes from increased time and administrative burdens, and how they differentially impact populations across social and demographic groups. In this commentary, we present a research agenda to map, measure, evaluate, and mitigate the time, administrative, and financial burdens of cancer and its care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"595-600"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11972685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing waist circumference with body mass index on obesity-related cancer risk: a pooled Swedish study.","authors":"Ming Sun, Christel Häggström, Marisa Da Silva, Innocent B Mboya, Ylva Trolle Lagerros, Karl Michaëlsson, Sven Sandin, Jerzy Leppert, Sara Hägg, Sölve Elmståhl, Patrik K E Magnusson, Stefan Söderberg, Weiyao Yin, Abbas Chabok, Angela Wood, Tanja Stocks, Josef Fritz","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>General adiposity, assessed by body mass index (BMI), is a well-established cancer risk factor. This study compared waist circumference (WC), a measure of abdominal adiposity, with BMI as a risk factor for obesity-related cancers, and assessed whether WC provides additional information beyond BMI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 339 190 individuals in a pooled Swedish cohort with baseline BMI and WC assessments from 1981-2019 (61% objectively measured, mean age 51.4 years). Cancer diagnoses were obtained from the Swedish Cancer Register. Hazard ratios (HRs) for WC and BMI were calculated using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. To account for WC's greater variability, we corrected HRs using regression dilution ratios. To assess WC's additional contribution beyond BMI, we analyzed WC residuals in multivariable, BMI-adjusted models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 13.9 years (interquartile range: 8.0-22.5), 18 185 IARC-established obesity-related cancers were recorded. In men, a 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in WC was associated with a 25% higher risk of obesity-related cancers (HR1-SD=1.25, 95% CI = 1.21-1.30), compared to a 19% increase for BMI (HR1-SD=1.19, 95% CI = 1.15-1.23, pheterogeneity=0.014). Among women, associations were weaker and similar for both WC (HR1-SD=1.13, 95% CI = 1.11-1.16) and BMI (HR1-SD=1.13, 95% CI = 1.11-1.15, pheterogeneity=0.357). WC residuals were more strongly associated with obesity-related cancer risk in men (HR1-SD=1.09, 95% CI = 1.06-1.12) than in women (HR1-SD=1.03, 95% CI = 1.02-1.05). Including additional 6893 potential obesity-related cancers yielded similar patterns of associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion(s): </strong>WC is a stronger risk factor than BMI for obesity-related cancer in men, conveying additional risk information, whereas this is less evident in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Zhou, Cui, Sun et al.","authors":"Stephanie Tuminello, Wiley M Turner, Emanuela Taioli","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf082","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RE: Racial and socioeconomic disparities in non-small cell lung cancer molecular diagnostics uptake.","authors":"Pengxiang Zhou, Jiaojiao Cui, Rujing Sun, Xiao Liu, Guangping Li","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RE: Comprehensive genome profiling for treatment decisions in patients with metastatic tumors: real-world evidence meta-analysis and registry data implementation.","authors":"Jing Yuan, Jianxiong Yu","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}