JAMA Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Repeated Low-Dose LSD for ADHD Treatment in Adults","authors":"Lorenz Mueller, Joyce Santos de Jesus, Yasmin Schmid, Felix Müller, Anna Becker, Aaron Klaiber, Isabelle Straumann, Dino Luethi, Eline C. H. M. Haijen, Petra P. M. Hurks, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Matthias E. Liechti","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0044","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceMicrodosing psychedelics, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), has gained attention for its potential benefits in several psychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, LSD’s efficacy in reducing ADHD symptoms remains unknown.ObjectiveTo determine the safety and efficacy of repeated low doses of LSD in reducing ADHD symptoms compared with placebo.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a 6-week, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group phase 2A randomized clinical trial conducted between December 17, 2021, and December 4, 2023. Data were analyzed from March 22, 2024, to August 19, 2024. Outpatient treatment was provided at 2 centers: University Hospital in Basel, Switzerland, and Maastricht University in the Netherlands. Adults aged 18 to 65 years with a prior ADHD diagnosis who presented with moderate to severe symptoms (Adult Investigator Symptom Rating Scale [AISRS] score ≥26 and Clinical Global Impression Severity score ≥4) were eligible for inclusion. Key exclusion criteria included selected current major psychiatric or somatic disorders and the use of potentially interacting medications.InterventionParticipants received either LSD (20 μg) or placebo twice weekly for 6 weeks (total of 12 doses).Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the change in ADHD symptoms from baseline to week 6, assessed by the AISRS and analyzed with a mixed-effects model for repeated measures.ResultsA total of 53 participants were randomized to LSD (n = 27) or placebo (n = 26). Mean (SD) participant age was 37 (12) years, and 22 participants (42%) were female. The LSD group presented a mean AISRS improvement of −7.1 points (95% CI, −10.1 to −4.0). The placebo group presented a mean AISRS improvement of −8.9 points (95% CI, −12.0 to −5.8), with no difference between groups. LSD was physically safe and psychologically well tolerated overall.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial, repeated low-dose LSD administration was safe in an outpatient setting, but it was not more efficacious than placebo in reducing ADHD symptoms.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05200936?term=NCT05200936&amp;amp;amp;rank=1\">NCT05200936</jats:ext-link>","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JAMA Psychiatry-The Year in Review 2024.","authors":"Dost Öngür","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Inflammatory Proteins in Pregnancy and Neurodevelopmental Disorders at Age 10 Years","authors":"Tingting Wang, Parisa Mohammadzadeh, Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen, Jonathan Thorsen, Julie Bøjstrup Rosenberg, Cecilie Koldbæk Lemvigh, Nicklas Brustad, Liang Chen, Mina Ali, Rebecca Vinding, Casper-Emil Tingskov Pedersen, María Hernández-Lorca, Birgitte Fagerlund, Birte Y. Glenthøj, Niels Bilenberg, Jakob Stokholm, Klaus Bønnelykke, Bo Chawes, Bjørn H. Ebdrup","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0122","url":null,"abstract":"IMPORTANCEMaternal inflammation during pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism, and cognitive deficits in early childhood. However, little is known about the contributions of a wider range of inflammatory proteins to this risk.OBJECTIVETo determine whether maternal inflammatory proteins during pregnancy are associated with the risk of NDDs and executive functions (EF) in middle childhood and to identify protein patterns associated with NDDs and EF.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis was a 10-year follow-up cohort study of the Danish Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma 2010 mother-child birth cohort, using plasma samples collected at week 24 in pregnancy, where 92 inflammatory proteins were assessed. NDDs and EF were assessed in the offspring at age 10 years, between January 2019 and December 2021. Mother-offspring dyads with available maternal prenatal inflammatory proteins during pregnancy and offspring NDD psychopathology data at follow-up were included. Data analyses took place between December 2023 and August 2024.EXPOSURESLevels of 92 inflammatory proteins from panel collected at week 24 during pregnancy.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESCategorical and dimensional psychopathology of NDDs (primary outcome) and EF (secondary outcome).RESULTSA total of 555 mothers (mean [SD] age, 32.4 [4.3] years) and their children (285 male [51%]) were included. The principal component analysis showed that higher levels of maternal inflammatory proteins depicted in principal component 1 were associated with a higher risk of any NDD (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.15-1.94; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = .003), particularly autism (OR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.45-5.63; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = .003) and ADHD with predominantly inattentive presentation (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.05-2.39; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = .03). The single protein analysis showed that 18 of 92 proteins reached false discovery rate (FDR) 5% significance after adjustment. Vascular endothelial growth factor A, C-C motif chemokine ligand, CD5, interleukin 12B, fibroblast growth factor-23, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 emerged as top proteins associated with risk of NDDs. The sparse partial least squares approach identified 34 proteins associated with any NDD, and 39 with ADHD with predominantly inattentive presentation. There were no associations with EF after FDR correction.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThe maternal inflammatory proteome during pregnancy was associated with NDDs risks in offspring at age 10 years. Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific pathways involving these proteins during pregnancy that could be targeted with prevention strategies to reduce risk of NDDs in children.","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143599501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing the Double Bind of Women's Anger After Trauma.","authors":"Olivia Metcalf, David Forbes","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expectancy Effects, Failure of Blinding Integrity, and Placebo Response in Trials of Treatments for Psychiatric Disorders","authors":"Nathan T. M. Huneke, Guilherme Fusetto Veronesi, Matthew Garner, David S. Baldwin, Samuele Cortese","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0085","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceExpectancy effects are significant confounding factors in psychiatric randomized clinical trials (RCTs), potentially affecting the interpretation of study results. This narrative review is the first, to our knowledge, to explore the relationship between expectancy effects, compromised blinding integrity, and the effects of active treatment/placebo in psychiatric RCTs. Additionally, we present statistical and experimental approaches that may help mitigate the confounding impact of expectancy effects. The review concludes with recommendations to enhance the reliability of RCTs in psychiatry.ObservationsThe placebo response comprises both specific and nonspecific elements, with expectation being a key specific component. Evidence from experimental and clinical studies suggests that expectancy can influence treatment responses in RCTs. Blinding integrity may be compromised by perceived treatment efficacy and adverse effects, introducing bias into outcome assessments. Treatment expectations can lead to unblinding during RCTs, and meta-analytic data from studies in the fields of psychedelics and anxiety disorders indicate that this can influence effect sizes. Therefore, controlling for expectancy effects is essential when interpreting RCT results. Novel statistical methods, though still in need of further validation, offer strategies to address this issue. Another approach may involve experimental medicine models, which aim to develop objective improvement markers (readouts) less affected by expectancy effects.Conclusions and RelevanceExpectancy effects represent a significant confound in psychiatric RCTs. We recommend collecting data on treatment expectations alongside monitoring blinding integrity to more accurately interpret study results. Additionally, developing objective readouts that are less confounded by expectancy effects offers another promising avenue for mitigating these confounding influences in psychiatric RCTs.","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143599448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating Blood-Based Proteins in Psychopathology and Cognition","authors":"Upasana Bhattacharyya, Jibin John, Max Lam, Jonah Fisher, Benjamin Sun, Denis Baird, Stephen Burgess, Chia-Yen Chen, Todd Lencz","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0033","url":null,"abstract":"ImportancePeripheral (blood-based) biomarkers for psychiatric illness could benefit diagnosis and treatment, but research to date has typically been low throughput, and traditional case-control studies are subject to potential confounds of treatment and other exposures. Large-scale 2-sample mendelian randomization (MR) can examine the potentially causal impact of circulating proteins on neuropsychiatric phenotypes without these confounds.ObjectiveTo identify circulating proteins associated with risk for schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) as well as cognitive task performance (CTP).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn a 2-sample MR design, significant proteomic quantitative trait loci were used as candidate instruments, obtained from 2 large-scale plasma proteomics datasets: the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project (2923 proteins per 34 557 UK individuals) and deCODE Genetics (4719 proteins per 35 559 Icelandic individuals). Data analysis was performed from November 2023 to November 2024.ExposureGenetic influence on circulating levels of proteins in plasma.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcome measures were summary statistics drawn from recent large-scale genome-wide association studies for SCZ (67 323 cases and 93 456 controls), BD (40 463 cases and 313 436 controls), MDD (166 773 cases and 507 679 controls), and CTP (215 333 individuals). MR was carried out for each phenotype, and proteins that showed statistically significant (Bonferroni-corrected <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &amp;amp;lt; .05) associations from MR analysis were used for pathway, protein-protein interaction, drug target enrichment, and potential druggability analysis for each outcome phenotype separately.ResultsMR analysis revealed 113 Bonferroni-corrected associations (46 novel) involving 91 proteins across the 4 outcome phenotypes. Immune-related proteins, such as interleukins and complement factors, showed pleiotropic effects across multiple outcome phenotypes. Drug target enrichment analysis provided support for repurposing of anti-inflammatory agents for SCZ, amantadine for BD, retinoic acid for MDD, and duloxetine for CTP.Conclusions and RelevanceIdentifying potentially causal effects of circulating proteins on neuropsychiatric phenotypes suggests potential biomarkers and offers insights for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. The study also reveals pleiotropic effects of many proteins across different phenotypes, indicating shared etiology among serious psychiatric conditions and cognition.","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143599503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-Based Practicing in Mental Health.","authors":"Benjamin G Druss, Nev Jones","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated Theta-Burst Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Matheus Rassi F Ramos, Stephan Goerigk, Valquiria Aparecida da Silva, Beatriz Araújo Cavendish, Bianca Silva Pinto, Cássio Henrique Gomide Papa, João Vitor Resende, Izio Klein, Adriana Munhoz Carneiro, Juliana Pereira de Sousa, Kallene Summer Moreira Vidal, Leandro da Costa Lane Valiengo, Lais B Razza, Luana Marotti Aparício, Lisiane Martins, Lucas Borrione, Mariana Batista, Natasha Kouvalesk Moran, Leonardo Afonso Dos Santos, Rafael Benatti, Rebeca Pelosof, Frank Padberg, Andre R Brunoni","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0013","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) is an established treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Sessions conducted more than once daily (ie, accelerated TBS [aTBS]) may enhance antidepressant effects. However, evidence is limited to small trials, and protocols are time-consuming and can require neuroimaging-based targeting.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a pragmatic aTBS protocol for TRD.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This triple-blinded, sham-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted at a single center in São Paulo, Brazil, from July 2022 to June 2024, with a subsequent open-label phase. Patients aged 18 to 65 years with major depression, experiencing a TRD episode, and with a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, 17-item (HDRS-17) score of 17 or higher were eligible for inclusion. Exclusion criteria were other psychiatric disorders (except anxiety), neurological conditions, and TBS contraindications.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Participants received 45 active or sham stimulation sessions over 15 weekdays, with 3 iTBS sessions (1200 pulses each) per day, spaced 30 minutes apart and targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex using a craniometric approach. In the open-label phase, additional aTBS sessions were offered to achieve a response (≥50% HDRS-17 score improvement) if needed.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The primary outcome was change in HDRS-17 score at week 5.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 431 volunteers screened, 100 participants were enrolled and randomized to either sham or active aTBS. Mean (SD) participant age was 41.7 (8.8) years, and 84 participants (84%) were female. A total of 89 patients completed the study. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the mean change in HDRS-17 scores from baseline to the study end point was 5.57 (95% CI, 3.99-7.16) in the sham group and 9.68 (95% CI, 8.11-11.25) in the active group, corresponding to 31.87% and 54.7% score reductions, respectively, and a medium-to-large effect size (Cohen d, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.29-1.00; P < .001). Response and remission rates were also higher in the active group. Both interventions were well tolerated, but scalp pain was more frequent in the active group than the sham group (17.4% vs 4.4%). During the open-label phase, approximately 75% of patients received additional sessions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this triple-blinded, sham-controlled randomized clinical trial, a pragmatic aTBS protocol using only 3 iTBS sessions per day and a nonexpensive, non-neuronavigated approach was found to be safe and effective for TRD.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05388539.</p>","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Blood Leukocyte Subpopulations in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Leon Dudeck, Madeleine Nussbaumer, Thomas Nickl-Jockschat, Paul C Guest, Henrik Dobrowolny, Gabriela Meyer-Lotz, Zhongming Zhao, Roland Jacobs, Kolja Schiltz, Brisa S Fernandes, Johann Steiner","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4941","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.4941","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to provide robust evidence to support or challenge the immune hypothesis of schizophrenia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To conduct a meta-analysis of reports on blood leukocyte subpopulations in schizophrenia vs healthy controls, examining disease- and treatment-related differences as well as potential confounders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data sources: &lt;/strong&gt;Systematic database search for English and non-English peer-reviewed articles in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases, with the last search in January 2024.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study selection: &lt;/strong&gt;Cross-sectional, case-control, and longitudinal studies comparing leukocyte numbers in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. After duplicates were removed, 3691 studies were identified for screening.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data extraction and synthesis: &lt;/strong&gt;Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted following PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines. Data were independently extracted by 2 authors and pooled using random-effects models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main outcomes and measures: &lt;/strong&gt;The planned primary outcomes were differences in leukocyte subpopulation counts between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls to increase our understanding of the immune system dysfunction in schizophrenia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Sixty-four relevant articles were identified (60 cross-sectional/case-control studies and 4 longitudinal studies) with data on leukocyte numbers from 26 349 individuals with schizophrenia and 16 379 healthy controls. Neutrophils (g = 0.69; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.89; Bonferroni-adjusted P &lt; .001; n = 40 951 [47 between-group comparisons]) and monocytes (g = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.75; Bonferroni-adjusted P &lt; .001; n = 40 513 [44 between-group comparisons]) were higher in schizophrenia compared with control participants. Differences were greater in first-episode vs chronic schizophrenia and in patients who were not treated vs treated with antipsychotic medication. There were no significant differences in eosinophils (g = 0.02; 95% CI, -0.16 to 0.20; Bonferroni-adjusted P &gt; .99; n = 3277 [18 between-group comparisons]), basophils (g = 0.14; 95% CI, -0.06 to 0.34; Bonferroni-adjusted P = .85; n = 2614 [13 between-group comparisons]), or lymphocytes (g = -0.08; 95% CI, -0.21 to 0.06; Bonferroni-adjusted P &gt; .99; n = 41 693 [59 between-group comparisons]). Neutrophils decreased longitudinally (g = -0.30; 95% CI, -0.45 to -0.15; Bonferroni-adjusted P &lt; .001; n = 896 [4 within-group comparisons]) and eosinophils increased longitudinally (g = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.71; Bonferroni-adjusted P &lt; .001; n = 876 [3 within-group comparisons]) after successful treatment of acute psychosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;Our findings of increased blood neutrophils and monocytes support the immune hypothesis of schizophrenia, particularly highlighting the role of innate immune activation. As these","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sports Gambling and Drinking Behaviors Over Time.","authors":"Joshua B Grubbs, Alexander J Connolly, Scott Graupensperger, Hyoun S Kim, Shane W Kraus","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0024","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Sports gambling has become one of the most accessible forms of gambling in the United States, and recent research suggests that sports gambling coupled with frequent alcohol use may have deleterious health consequences.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the trajectories of sports gambling frequency and alcohol-related problems over time and the associations between these trajectories.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This survey study was a 2-year longitudinal study conducted in the United States. Participants were recruited from a nonprobability internet panel from 2 sources: a large cross-section of adults matched and weighted to US Census norms and a specific oversample of sports-gambling adults. Recruitment began in spring 2022, and the last surveys concluded in spring 2024. To identify trajectories within sports gambling frequency and alcohol use problems, latent growth curve modeling was used.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes: </strong>At each time point, the National Institute on Drug Abuse-modified Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test 2 was used to assess alcohol-related problems and sports gambling frequency was assessed by a single item.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cross-section of US adults (n = 2806) and oversample of sports-gambling adults (n = 1557) resulted in a total baseline sample of 4363 (mean [SD] age, 49.6 [16.2] years; 2243 men [51.4%] and 2120 women or nonbinary gender reported [48.6%]). Latent growth curve modeling revealed that alcohol problems decreased over time (slope = -0.059; 95% CI, -0.090 to -0.028). Sports gambling frequency did not show a significant trend over time (slope = -0.003; 95% CI, -0.053 to 0.047), though there was significant variance in this slope (variance = 0.024; 95% CI, 0.013 to 0.034). The trajectories of alcohol-related problems and sports gambling did not move independently, instead being highly positively correlated, suggesting that increases in one would correspond to increases in the other.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This study found that over time, the trajectory of sports gambling frequency was associated with the trajectory of alcohol-related problems. Screening and treatment interventions are recommended for sport gamblers who also drink concurrently, especially because this group appears to be at an elevated risk for developing greater alcohol-related problems over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}