JAMA Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Trends in Urine Cotinine Concentrations Among Adolescents Who Vape Nicotine","authors":"Sharon Levy, Emily Nields, Miriam Schizer, Machiko Minegishi, Dinah Sher Gongora, Melissa Brogna, Michael Smith, A. Eden Evins, Jonathan P. Winickoff, Elissa R. Weitzman","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.2215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.2215","url":null,"abstract":"This cohort study explores trends in urine cotinine concentrations between 2023 and 2025 among adolescents who vaped nicotine and were receiving substance use disorder treatment.","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148596421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prior Sexual Violence, PTSD Symptoms, and Recovery Trajectories After New Trauma","authors":"Emily J. Mellen, Tate Poplin, Tanja Jovanovic, Grace E. Rowland, Stacey L. House, Francesca L. Beaudoin, Xinming An, Jennifer S. Stevens, Thomas C. Neylan, Gari D. Clifford, Sarah D. Linnstaedt, Laura T. Germine, Scott L. Rauch, John P. Haran, Alan B. Storrow, Christopher Lewandowski, Paul I. Musey, Phyllis L. Hendry, Sophia Sheikh, Christopher W. Jones, Brittany E. Punches, Robert A. Swor, Lauren A. Hudak, Jose L. Pascual, Mark J. Seamon, Claire Pearson, David A. Peak, Robert M. Domeier, Niels K. Rathlev, Brian J. O’Neil, Leon D. Sanchez, Steven E. Bruce, Steven E. Harte, Ronald C. Kessler, Karestan C. Koenen, Samuel A. McLean, Nathaniel G. Harnett, Kerry J. Ressler","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.2219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.2219","url":null,"abstract":"Importance Prior work demonstrates that earlier trauma exposure increases the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a subsequent trauma, and cross-sectional work has also identified sexual violence (SV) as the form of traumatic stressor with the greatest conditional risk for PTSD. However, little work explores these findings longitudinally with a comparison group with no history of SV. Objective To examine the differences in PTSD symptoms after a new incident of trauma exposure in survivors with and without an earlier history of SV. Design, Setting, and Participants In this case-control study, data from a longitudinal cohort sample of patients enrolled in the Advancing Understanding of Recovery After Trauma (AURORA) study were examined. Participants were admitted to emergency departments due to a traumatic injury (primarily motor vehicle crash), and they were followed up for 1 year after emergency department (ED) admission. They were recruited within 72 hours of ED admission and then assessed at 5 time points (2 weeks, 8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months) after their injury. Participants were a diverse and heterogeneous sample of individuals admitted to EDs across the US. Study data were evaluated from January 2025 to March 2026. Exposure Earlier history of SV as assessed at ED admission using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Life Events Checklist. Main Outcomes and Measures Symptoms of PTSD as assessed by the PTSD Checklist for <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DSM-5</jats:italic> . Results The study sample included 2423 individuals (mean [SD] age, 36 [13] years; 1566 female [64.6%]), 1270 whom (52%) reported an earlier history of SV. At every time point, participants with a history of SV demonstrated significantly elevated symptoms of PTSD (β = 4.62; 95% CI, 3.09-6.21; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P</jats:italic> &amp;amp;lt; .001) compared with those without a history of SV, even after controlling for earlier nonsexual trauma exposure. Within the group with prior SV, the PTSD symptoms that remained the highest across time points were hypervigilance symptoms (criterion E), although negative alterations in cognition and mood (criterion D) were the symptom cluster that recovered most slowly. Conclusions and Relevance Results of this case-control study indicate that having a history of SV was associated with elevated symptoms of PTSD and slower symptom recovery after a subsequent nonsexual trauma. These results raise important considerations for clinicians, regardless of whether or not they self-identify as working specifically with survivors of SV.","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148596419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LLMs as Clinical Instruments—Toward Verifiable Reasoning","authors":"Martin P. Paulus, John Torous","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.2211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.2211","url":null,"abstract":"This Viewpoint discusses considerations in training mental health clinicians and implementing institutional workflows to use large language models (LLMs) as clinical instruments for improving care.","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148596418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychedelics Trials and Outcomes-A Closer Look.","authors":"Laetitia Vanderijst,Amandine Luquiens","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1945","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148441304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lobbying Trends in Psychiatry and Psychology.","authors":"Anmoldeep Singh,Akanksha Mishra,Emmanuel Li,Ryan Nipp,Nirmal Choradia","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1921","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148441305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping 2-Year Psychiatric and Neurologic Risks After Infections Across Body Systems and Age Groups.","authors":"Maxime Taquet,Patrick Oliver,Ahmad Mezher,Campbell Robertson,Carla Handford,Thomas A Pollak,Edoardo G Ostinelli,Orestis Efthimiou,Andrea Cipriani,Paul J Harrison","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1904","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceInfections are associated with postacute psychiatric and neurologic disorders, but whether risks generalize across infections affecting different body systems and how they vary by age remain unclear.ObjectiveTo map risks of 14 psychiatric and neurologic disorders among patients hospitalized with infections across 10 body systems and 4 age groups.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective multicohort study using propensity score matching of patients hospitalized between 2014 and 2018, with a 2-year follow-up. Patient data were taken from 62 health care organizations within the TriNetX US Collaborative Network. Included were cohorts of individuals hospitalized with an infection compared with each other, with individuals hospitalized for noninfectious causes, and with the general population. Data were analyzed from May 2024 to March 2026.ExposureHospitalization with an infection.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThirteen neurologic or psychiatric disorders (plus a composite category of cognitive deficits) diagnosed between 1 month and 2 years after hospital admission. Measures included the ratio of restricted mean time lost (RMTL), absolute risk difference, and infection specificity per outcome via network meta-analysis.ResultsAmong 1 062 722 matched pairs of individuals (mean [SD] age, 48.4 [23.6] years; 547 328 female [51.5%]), infections were associated with a greater risk of most disorders. When compared with hospitalization for other causes, RMTL ratios exceeded 1 in 116 of 140 infection-disorder tests; the highest relative risk was observed for encephalitis (eg, among cardiac infections, median RMTL ratio, 6.54; 95% CI, 3.78-11.31; P = 2.0 × 10-11), and the highest absolute risk difference was for cognitive deficits (eg, among cardiac infections, risk difference, 12.37%; 19.08% [95% CI, 18.51-19.65] vs 6.71% [95% CI, 6.36-7.07]). Similar patterns were observed (though with higher RMTL ratios) when patients hospitalized with infections were compared with the general population. Although children also faced increased risks of psychiatric and neurologic disorders after infections, absolute risk differences were significantly lower than those in adults. In 45 head-to-head comparisons (median [IQR] sample, 30 766 [11 856-104 336]), infectious encephalitides were the leading risk factor for 7 of 14 disorders and among the top 3 for 12 of 14 disorders. Other infectious risk factors were disorder specific.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this multicohort study suggest that patients hospitalized with infections across all body systems had an associated increase in psychiatric and neurologic diagnoses over the subsequent 2 years, particularly in adults. Infectious encephalitides carried the greatest associated excess risk. Taken together with the existing literature, these findings identify infections as important risk factors for brain health conditions.","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148441302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychedelics Trials and Outcomes-A Closer Look-Reply.","authors":"Balázs Szigeti,Zachary J Williams","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1951","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"250 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148441306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychedelics Trials and Outcomes-A Closer Look.","authors":"Robin Lester Carhart-Harris,Joshua D Rosenblat","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1948","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148441301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychedelics Trials and Outcomes- A Closer Look.","authors":"Sandeep M Nayak,Brandon Weiss,David B Yaden","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1942","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"250 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148441300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Broader Impact of Mass Shootings on Traffic Fatalities.","authors":"Vishal R Patel,Christopher M Worsham,Michael Liu,Anupam B Jena","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1912","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceMass shooting incidents receive widespread attention and create sudden distress not only within affected communities, but also in populations far from the event. Distraction and acute psychological stress can impair attention and judgment, raising the risk of unintended harms, such as traffic crashes.ObjectiveTo assess whether major mass shootings are associated with short-term increases in fatal motor vehicle crashes, as a potential extension of their broader mortality impact.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe Fatality Analysis Reporting System, a population-based registry of fatal US motor vehicle crashes, was used to measure traffic fatalities on the days before and after the top 10 deadliest shootings from 2008 through 2023. Using a quasi-experimental event study design that combined the days before and after mass shootings, changes in the mean additional risk of traffic fatalities attributable to mass shootings were estimated. The study team also examined when public internet search interest in \"shooting\" peaked relative to the mass shooting event, to assess whether the timing of this peak corresponded to changes in fatal motor vehicle crashes. These data were analyzed from January 2024 through April 2024.ExposureDates of 10 major mass shootings.Main Outcome and MeasureTraffic fatalities.ResultsOn the day following mass shooting events, public internet search interest in \"shooting\" peaked and traffic fatalities rose by an average of 14.3%, corresponding to 19.9 (95% CI, 12.7-27.1) additional deaths across the country. Increases in traffic fatalities were consistent across driver age and sex, vehicle occupancy, rurality, and lighting conditions, and persisted when restricted to states outside the affected state and its neighbors. Active shooter events that did not result in fatalities were not accompanied by increases in internet searches for \"shooting\" and traffic fatalities did not increase significantly, suggesting that public awareness of shooting events, and their impact on driving, differs meaningfully by event severity.ConclusionsIn this quasi-experimental analysis of major US mass shootings, major mass shootings were associated with a transient nationwide increase in fatal motor vehicle crashes on the day following the event. The excess fatalities observed on the day after these 10 events were equivalent in magnitude to approximately 75% of the deaths occurring during the events themselves, suggesting that the broader population-level mortality associated with mass shootings may extend beyond individuals who directly experienced the event.","PeriodicalId":14800,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Psychiatry","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148441307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}