Jwan A Naser,Hossam Ibrahim,Martin Chun Kit Wong,Timothy J Poterucha,Barry A Borlaug,Austin M Kennedy,Konstantinos C Siontis,Jeremy J Thaden,Garvan C Kane,William R Miranda,Hector I Michelena,Vuyisile T Nkomo,Sorin V Pislaru
{"title":"Effectiveness of Rhythm Control of Atrial Fibrillation in Moderate-to-Severe or Severe Secondary Tricuspid Regurgitation.","authors":"Jwan A Naser,Hossam Ibrahim,Martin Chun Kit Wong,Timothy J Poterucha,Barry A Borlaug,Austin M Kennedy,Konstantinos C Siontis,Jeremy J Thaden,Garvan C Kane,William R Miranda,Hector I Michelena,Vuyisile T Nkomo,Sorin V Pislaru","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmg.2026.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2026.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDSecondary tricuspid regurgitation (STR) is heterogeneous and associated with increased morbidity and mortality, but there remains limited evidence on the optimal management strategy. Atrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risk of all types of STR.OBJECTIVESThe authors aimed to study the association of successful rhythm control of AF with decreased severity of moderate-severe/severe STR across clinically relevant subgroups and different etiologies of STR.METHODSPatients with moderate-severe/severe STR, AF, and follow-up echocardiograms were identified retrospectively. STR types were left-sided valve disease, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, other causes of pulmonary hypertension, and isolated STR. The primary endpoint was decrease of STR severity to ≤ mild. Recurrence of AF was determined. Follow-up was censored at tricuspid valve intervention or last follow-up.RESULTSAmong 1,896 patients (median age 79; 60% women), rhythm control was attempted in 367 (19%) over a median of 21 days. Recurrence of AF occurred in 210 (57%) and was associated with older age, chronic, persistent AF, and lack of antiarrhythmic medication use. Over a median of 1.7 years, tricuspid regurgitation (TR) decreased to ≤ mild in 550 patients. Successful control of rhythm without recurrence of AF was strongly associated with decreased TR to ≤ mild at the multivariable level (HR: 3.65 [95% CI: 2.24-5.95]; P < 0.01). The association remained across different subgroups divided according to TR etiology, age, sex, obesity, burden and chronicity of AF, impaired left ventricular systolic or diastolic function, coexistent significant mitral regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension, and right ventricular remodeling.CONCLUSIONSSuccessful rhythm control of AF is associated with improved severity of STR in patients with moderate-severe or severe STR, and an early aggressive attempt should be considered in these patients to decrease risk of recurrence.","PeriodicalId":14767,"journal":{"name":"JACC. Cardiovascular imaging","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147731701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert S Zhang,Pablo Villar-Calle,Céleste Chevalier,Omar Khalique,Andrada Guta,Mianli Xiao,Michael Mayer,Rachel Axman,Udhay Krishnan,Mahniz Reza,Edmund Naami,Raymond J Kim,Arindam RoyChoudhury,Shmuel Chen,Jonathan W Weinsaft,Dipan J Shah,Jiwon Kim
{"title":"Redefining Right Ventricular Function: Incremental Prognostic Utility of Effective RVEF on CMR in Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation-A Multicenter Validation Study.","authors":"Robert S Zhang,Pablo Villar-Calle,Céleste Chevalier,Omar Khalique,Andrada Guta,Mianli Xiao,Michael Mayer,Rachel Axman,Udhay Krishnan,Mahniz Reza,Edmund Naami,Raymond J Kim,Arindam RoyChoudhury,Shmuel Chen,Jonathan W Weinsaft,Dipan J Shah,Jiwon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmg.2026.02.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2026.02.018","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDRight ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) is a known predictor of adverse outcomes; however, its prognostic value diminishes in tricuspid regurgitation (TR).OBJECTIVESThis study aims to assess whether effective right ventricular ejection fraction (eRVEF) offers a more physiologic assessment of RV function and improves risk stratification in patients with TR.METHODSThe derivation cohort comprised 453 consecutive patients with at least moderate functional TR (regurgitant fraction ≥30% or volume ≥30 mL) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). eRVEF was calculated as the ratio of forward volume to RV end-diastolic volume. The eRVEF threshold (≤25%) was derived based on all-cause mortality data. Clinical data were collected from standardized questionnaires at the time of CMR and supplemented with electronic health records; the primary outcome was all-cause mortality. External validation was performed in 2 independent cohorts, totaling 316 patients using identical inclusion criteria.RESULTSIn the derivation cohort, impaired eRVEF was associated with more advanced biventricular remodeling, worse biventricular function, and greater burden of late gadolinium enhancement (P < 0.05 for all), which was paralleled by higher TR volume and fraction (both P < 0.05). Over a median follow-up period of 2.7 years (Q1-Q3: 0.6-6.6 years), 20% of the patients died; mortality was higher in patients with impaired versus preserved eRVEF (28% vs 12%; HR: 1.72 [95% CI: 1.16-2.54]; P = 0.007). After adjusting for known TR risk markers including age, RV size, TR severity, conventional RVEF, and clinical markers of right-sided congestion, eRVEF remained independently predictive of mortality (HR: 0.49 [95% CI: 0.24-0.97]; P = 0.042). Adding eRVEF to a model inclusive of RVEF improved mortality prediction (chi-square from 30.6 to 37.0; P = 0.011) whereas adding RVEF to eRVEF did not (chi-square from 35.4 to 37.0; P = 0.199). External validation confirmed the prognostic significance of eRVEF ≤25% in both cohorts (HR: 2.66-2.86; both P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSeRVEF independently predicts mortality in TR and provides incremental prognostic value over conventional prognostic markers.","PeriodicalId":14767,"journal":{"name":"JACC. Cardiovascular imaging","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147702120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan M Brendel,Ibrahim Hadzic,Thomas Mayrhofer,Lauren H Cooke,Evin Yucel,Nilay Patel,Marcel C Langenbach,Nóra M Kerkovits,Vencel Juhasz,Márton Kolossváry,Sara Ersözlü,Matthias Jung,Isabel L Langenbach,Shady Abohashem,Vineet K Raghu,Brian Ghoshhajra,Sandeep Hedgire,Konstantin Nikolaou,Ahmed Tawakol,Michael T Lu,Hugo J W L Aerts,Pamela S Douglas,Borek Foldyna
{"title":"Opportunistic CT-Derived Periaortic Fat Attenuation as a Novel Marker of Mortality in Patients Undergoing TAVR.","authors":"Jan M Brendel,Ibrahim Hadzic,Thomas Mayrhofer,Lauren H Cooke,Evin Yucel,Nilay Patel,Marcel C Langenbach,Nóra M Kerkovits,Vencel Juhasz,Márton Kolossváry,Sara Ersözlü,Matthias Jung,Isabel L Langenbach,Shady Abohashem,Vineet K Raghu,Brian Ghoshhajra,Sandeep Hedgire,Konstantin Nikolaou,Ahmed Tawakol,Michael T Lu,Hugo J W L Aerts,Pamela S Douglas,Borek Foldyna","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmg.2026.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2026.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14767,"journal":{"name":"JACC. Cardiovascular imaging","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jacob Abdaem MD , Dina Labib MD, PhD , Rhys Beaudry PhD , Augustine Amakiri PhD , Steven Dykstra PhD , Yuanchao Feng PhD , Melanie King PhD , Jacqueline Flewitt MS , Danielle A. Southern MS , Matthew T. James MD, PhD , Stephen B. Wilton MD, MS , Carmen P. Lydell MD , Andrew G. Howarth MD, PhD , Bryan J. Har MD, MS , James A. White MD , Robert J.H. Miller MD
{"title":"Patient-Specific Registration of Segmental Jeopardy and Viability","authors":"Jacob Abdaem MD , Dina Labib MD, PhD , Rhys Beaudry PhD , Augustine Amakiri PhD , Steven Dykstra PhD , Yuanchao Feng PhD , Melanie King PhD , Jacqueline Flewitt MS , Danielle A. Southern MS , Matthew T. James MD, PhD , Stephen B. Wilton MD, MS , Carmen P. Lydell MD , Andrew G. Howarth MD, PhD , Bryan J. Har MD, MS , James A. White MD , Robert J.H. Miller MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmg.2025.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmg.2025.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Viability testing is frequently used in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). However, its role in guiding revascularization decisions remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the associations between a novel, segmentally registered viability and vascular jeopardy score and mortality following revascularization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included patients with ICM, defined as obstructive coronary artery disease and LVEF <50%, undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance and invasive coronary angiography between 2015 and 2022. Segmental viability was defined as scar transmurality ≤50% detected by cardiac magnetic resonance. Spatially matched distributions of vascular perfusion jeopardy were established at the time of angiography by using a patient-specific coronary anatomy tree and lesion reporting algorithm. Interactions between viability extent, coronary artery disease severity, the novel marker of jeopardized but viable myocardium, and early revascularization were assessed using propensity score–adjusted time-to-event models for mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 941 patients (mean age: 65 years; 81% male), 193 underwent early revascularization. During a median follow-up of 4.8 years, 168 deaths occurred. There were no interactions between the number of viable segments and revascularization (interaction HR: 1.09; <em>P =</em> 0.211) or between the Duke Jeopardy Score and revascularization (interaction HR: 0.93; <em>P =</em> 0.245) with respect to future mortality. However, a significant interaction was identified for the number of jeopardized but viable segments (interaction HR: 0.91; <em>P =</em> 0.008). Patients with ≥3 jeopardized but viable segments experienced significantly lower mortality following early revascularization (propensity score–adjusted HR: 0.55; <em>P =</em> 0.015).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patient-specific coronary tree–based reporting to define jeopardized but viable myocardium accurately is clinically feasible and identifies ICM patients who experience lower mortality from early revascularization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14767,"journal":{"name":"JACC. Cardiovascular imaging","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 463-474"},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sana Sultana MD, Shada Jadam MD, Mohammed Abusafia MD, Andrew Gaballa MD, Susan Ospina NP, Katy Rutkowski RN, Bo Xu MD, Nicholas Smedira MD, MBA, Per Wierup MD, PhD, Zoran Popovic MD, PhD, Susan Keen MD, Milind Y. Desai MD, MBA
Borek Foldyna MD, PhD , Ibrahim Hadzic MS , Thomas Mayrhofer PhD , Júlia Karády MD, PhD, MPH , Jana Taron MD , Márton Kolossváry MD, PhD , Vineet K. Raghu PhD , Sara McCallum MPH , Kayla Paradis MBA, BS , Marissa R. Diggs BA , Sarah M. Chu MSN , Alex B. Lu BAS , Charurut Somboonwit MD , Jose I. Bernardino MD , Michael P. Dubé MD , Craig A. Sponseller MD , Markella V. Zanni MD , Gerald S. Bloomfield MD, MPH , Carlos D. Malvestutto MD, MPH , Carl J. Fichtenbaum MD , Steven K. Grinspoon MD
{"title":"Statin Effects on Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Density in People With HIV","authors":"Borek Foldyna MD, PhD , Ibrahim Hadzic MS , Thomas Mayrhofer PhD , Júlia Karády MD, PhD, MPH , Jana Taron MD , Márton Kolossváry MD, PhD , Vineet K. Raghu PhD , Sara McCallum MPH , Kayla Paradis MBA, BS , Marissa R. Diggs BA , Sarah M. Chu MSN , Alex B. Lu BAS , Charurut Somboonwit MD , Jose I. Bernardino MD , Michael P. Dubé MD , Craig A. Sponseller MD , Markella V. Zanni MD , Gerald S. Bloomfield MD, MPH , Carlos D. Malvestutto MD, MPH , Carl J. Fichtenbaum MD , Steven K. Grinspoon MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmg.2025.10.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmg.2025.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The effects of statin therapy on pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) and its relationship with plaque progression and outcomes in people with HIV (PWH) remain poorly understood.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate PCAT density changes over time; statin effects on PCAT; and associations among PCAT changes, coronary plaque, and clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In the REPRIEVE (Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV) mechanistic computed tomographic (CT) substudy (n = 753, mean age: 51 ± 6 years, 17% women), PCAT density was measured from noncontrast CT images at baseline and 2 years, while coronary plaque volumes (total, calcified, and noncalcified) were assessed from contrast-enhanced CT angiograms. Analyses were stratified by coronary artery disease burden (segment involvement score 0, 1-3, or ≥4) and adjusted for technical parameters, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, body mass index, inflammatory biomarkers, and statin allocation. Associations among PCAT, plaque changes, and events (all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events [MACE], and MACE or death) were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Baseline PCAT density was −87.7 ± 10.5 HU, increasing by 4.5 HU (95% CI: 3.8-5.2; <em>P</em> < 0.001) over 2 years. Pitavastatin prevented this increase in participants with segment involvement scores ≥4 (−1.7 HU vs +3.8 HU; <em>P</em> = 0.016, pitavastatin vs placebo, respectively). Greater PCAT density was associated with higher noncalcified plaque volume (per +10 HU, +5.0 mm<sup>3</sup>; <em>P</em> = 0.075) and reduced calcified plaque progression (−3.2 mm<sup>3</sup>; <em>P</em> = 0.031). Over a median of 6.3 years, 4.2% of patients died. Baseline PCAT density was independently associated with all-cause mortality (HR per +10 HU: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.03-3.69; <em>P</em> = 0.040), but not MACE.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PCAT density increases over time in PWH, but pitavastatin mitigates this in those with high coronary artery disease burden. PCAT density is associated with vulnerable plaque morphology and all-cause mortality, supporting its potential as a prognostic imaging biomarker in PWH. (Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV [REPRIEVE]; <span><span>NCT02344290</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>)</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14767,"journal":{"name":"JACC. Cardiovascular imaging","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 478-489"},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145645015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabio Fazzari MD , Natallia Khenkina MD , Giulia Piccinni MD , Matteo Biroli MD , Andrea Annoni MD , Giovanni Berna MD , Francesco Cannata MD, PhD , Maria Ludovica Carerj MD , Fabrizio Celeste MD , Alberico Del Torto MD , Alberto Formenti MD , Antonio Frappampina MD , Laura Fusini MD , Paola Gripari MD , Sarah Ghulam Alì MD , Daniele Junod MD , Anna Maltagliati MD , Maria Elisabetta Mancini MD , Valentina Mantegazza MD , Riccardo Maragna MD , Gianluca Pontone MD, PhD
{"title":"Deep Learning and Fluid Dynamics On-Site CT-FFR Solution Compared to Off-Site FFRct and Invasive FFR","authors":"Fabio Fazzari MD , Natallia Khenkina MD , Giulia Piccinni MD , Matteo Biroli MD , Andrea Annoni MD , Giovanni Berna MD , Francesco Cannata MD, PhD , Maria Ludovica Carerj MD , Fabrizio Celeste MD , Alberico Del Torto MD , Alberto Formenti MD , Antonio Frappampina MD , Laura Fusini MD , Paola Gripari MD , Sarah Ghulam Alì MD , Daniele Junod MD , Anna Maltagliati MD , Maria Elisabetta Mancini MD , Valentina Mantegazza MD , Riccardo Maragna MD , Gianluca Pontone MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmg.2025.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmg.2025.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>On-site computed tomography (CT)–derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) solutions are increasingly needed to reduce delays, costs, and reliance on external platforms.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This single-center prospective study evaluated the diagnostic performance of an on-site deep learning and fluid dynamic-based CT-FFR algorithm (xFFR, GE HealthCare) against off-site HeartFlow CT-FFR (FFRct) and invasive FFR (iFFR) for coronary artery disease (CAD) assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this single-center prospective study, 250 symptomatic patients at intermediate-to-high CAD risk (mean age: 65 ± 9 years; 76% male) underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), xFFR, FFRct, and invasive coronary angiography with iFFR. Areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated for xFFR and FFRct, with Spearman’s correlations and Cohen’s κ used to assess agreement with iFFR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Functionally significant CAD was detected in 56.6% (xFFR), 54% (FFRct), and 48% (iFFR) of cases; xFFR showed sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 95%, 81%, and 88%, respectively. The overall diagnostic accuracy was comparable to FFRct (AUC: 0.91 vs AUC: 0.89; <em>P =</em> 0.274), superior only for left anterior descending coronary artery assessment (AUC: 0.96 vs AUC: 0.84; <em>P =</em> 0.001). Correlation analysis showed good agreement with iFFR (ρ = 0.67) and FFRct (ρ = 0.53). The mean xFFR analysis time was 8 ± 3.4 minutes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study establishes xFFR as a robust and efficient on-site tool for assessing CAD, demonstrating high diagnostic accuracy, reproducibility, and agreement with invasive methods. Its rapid processing and integration into clinical workflows position xFFR as a promising alternative to off-site FFRct solutions. Further studies are warranted to confirm its generalizability and optimize its implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14767,"journal":{"name":"JACC. Cardiovascular imaging","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 494-512"},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147305488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}