Journal of Addiction Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Public Xylazine Awareness and Support for Policies and Initiatives to Address the Xylazine Threat Among US Adults.","authors":"Olivia K Golan, Weiwei Liu, Bruce Taylor","doi":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0000000000001431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Xylazine, a nonopioid veterinary tranquilizer, is increasingly being added to the illicit opioid supply. When used by humans, xylazine can cause severe skin ulcers and extreme sedation. This study aimed to examine awareness of xylazine and support for policies/initiatives to address the xylazine threat among US adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An AmeriSpeak survey with US nationally representative adults aged 18 and older was administered in March 2024. Survey questions assessed awareness of xylazine and potential xylazine use, drug/opioid use history, and support for 10 policies/initiatives to address the xylazine threat (including a range of drug checking initiatives, wound care initiatives, punitive policies, harm reduction policies, and xylazine education campaigns). We conducted weighted descriptive and regression analysis of survey data from a nationally representative sample of 1215 US adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most respondents were not aware of xylazine (88%, n = 1063). Approximately 10% (n = 117) were aware of xylazine but had not used it, and around 2% (n = 23) were aware of xylazine and possibly had used it. On average, participants supported only 1.52 (SD = 2.41) of 10 listed policies/initiatives to address the xylazine threat. The number of policies/initiatives supported varied by xylazine awareness, gender, marital status, and drug use history.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among the US public, xylazine awareness and support for policies/initiatives to address the xylazine threat are low. Public xylazine educational campaigns may be warranted to help the public understand the severity of the xylazine threat, garner support for associated policies/initiatives, and reduce xylazine-related harms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Medicine","volume":"19 4","pages":"466-469"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prescribing Psychostimulants for the Treatment of Stimulant Use Disorder: Navigating the Federal Legal Landscape.","authors":"Leslie W Suen, Phillip O Coffin, Kathryn E Boulton, Derek H Carr, Corey S Davis","doi":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001437","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stimulant use disorder (StUD) is a rapidly growing concern in the United States, with escalating rates of death attributed to amphetamines and cocaine. No medications are currently approved for StUD treatment, leaving clinicians to navigate off-label medication options. Recent studies suggest that controlled prescription psychostimulants such as dextroamphetamine, methylphenidate, and modafinil are associated with reductions in self-reported stimulant use, craving, and depressive symptoms. Despite this positive initial evidence, prescribing rates of these medications for StUD treatment remain low, possibly because some clinicians believe that they are subject to the restrictions federal law imposes on medications for opioid use disorder. This is not the case. Rather, at the federal level, these medications are subject only to the general requirement that prescriptions be issued for a legitimate medical purpose within the usual course of professional practice, criteria that are buttressed by recent national guidelines that include controlled prescription psychostimulants as an option within a comprehensive treatment plan for StUD. In this commentary, we review the federal legal landscape regarding the prescription of psychostimulants for StUD and recommend strategies for increasing the utilization of this promising approach. Professional organizations, addiction clinicians, and researchers can reinforce this practice through publishing expert recommendations, developing clinician education materials, and disseminating their real-world experiences and well-documented treatment plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":14744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"347-349"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition to Extended-release Buprenorphine Injectable Within Seven Days for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment: A Scoping Narrative.","authors":"Jacky T P Siu, Anthony Lau, James S H Wong, Jessica Machado, Pouya Azar","doi":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001520","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For patients with opioid use disorder, Sublocade (extended-release buprenorphine; Bup-XR-S) and Buvidal/Brixadi (long-acting buprenorphine; Bup-LA-B) formulations allow for less frequent dosing. Traditional induction with Bup-XR-S requires 7 or more days on transmucosal buprenorphine can delay care and increase disengagement risk. Quicker transition to Bup-XR-S or Bup-LA-B presents a promising strategy. With the prevalence of potent illicit opioids, stabilization within 7 days is critical to prevent overdose and withdrawal. This narrative review assesses outcomes of transitions to long-acting injectable buprenorphine within 7 days of the last sublingual dose.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE was completed through February 14, 2025. Studies involving patients with opioid use disorder who underwent Bup-XR-S and Bup-LA-B transition were included. Data on patient characteristics, buprenorphine dosing, retention rates, and outcomes were extracted and synthesized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 21 studies, totaling 534 patients, that met our inclusion criteria. For Bup-XR-S studies, 75 patients transitioned to Bup-XR-S within 24 hours. Of patients, 4% experienced withdrawal symptoms requiring additional opioid support. All Bup-LA-B studies reported transitions within 24 hours. Short-term retention (4 wk) exceeded 60%. Adverse events were infrequent and primarily mild, including injection site pain, nausea, and constipation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Limited descriptive studies suggest transitioning to Bup-XR-S within 7 days appears feasible, well-tolerated, and supports treatment adherence. Following labelled dosing, Bup-LA-B transitions within 24 hours were effective and well-tolerated. While these approaches may help initiate opioid agonist therapy in high-risk populations and mitigate overdose risks, further research is needed to confirm effectiveness and impact on retention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"371-380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medetomidine-Associated Opioid Overdoses in Chicago, Illinois: A Report of 3 Cases.","authors":"Zain Nayani, Tyler Reese, Aria Armstrong, Alexandra Walker, Francesco Tani, Ruchi Fitzgerald","doi":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001500","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medetomidine has recently emerged as an adulterant in street-level opioids and stimulants in North America, complicating opioid overdose presentations and resisting reversal with naloxone. Medetomidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist used in veterinary medicine as an anesthetic, analgesic, anxiolytic, and muscle relaxant and is not approved for human use by the Food and Drug Administration. Medetomidine's pharmacological profile resembles xylazine, another medication of the same class, but demonstrates higher potency and longer sedative effects in canine models.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>We present 3 cases of opioid overdoses involving medetomidine at the same emergency department, which are part of a larger series of at least 12 confirmed, 26 probable, and 140 suspected cases in Chicago between May 11 and May 17, 2024. Each presented with sinus bradycardia, hypertension, and prolonged sedation, which persisted after naloxone administration. Laboratory results confirmed medetomidine, fentanyl, and other substances in their systems. Management involved symptomatic treatment, including cardiorespiratory support and antihypertensive therapy. Given the severity of their opioid use disorders and social vulnerabilities, patients received extended-release buprenorphine injections. Despite different clinical courses, the cases shared a constellation of features and presenting symptoms likely attributed to medetomidine-associated toxicity.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>These cases underscore the clinical challenges of recognizing and managing medetomidine as an emerging drug adulterant. Unlike typical opioid overdoses, medetomidine intoxication may require different management strategies due to prolonged sedation, bradycardia, and hypertension despite standard-of-care overdose treatment. Improved access to testing for medetomidine and research into alpha-2-antagonist reversal options are crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"497-500"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Stigma in Addiction Research: Insights From the HEALing Communities Study Coalition Meetings.","authors":"Nabila El-Bassel, James L David, Eric Aragundi, Scott T Walters, Elwin Wu, Louisa Gilbert, Redonna Chandler, Tim Hunt, Victoria Frye, Aimee N C Campbell, Dawn A Goddard-Erich, Marc Chen, Parixit Davé, Shoshana N Benjamin, David Lounsbury, Nasim Sabounchi, Maneesha Aggarwal, Dan Feaster, Terry Huang, Tian Zheng","doi":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0000000000001534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This paper describes how artificial intelligence (AI) was used to analyze meeting minutes from community coalitions participating in the HEALing Communities Study. We examined how often coalitions discussed stigma when selecting evidence-based practices (EBPs), variations in stigma-related discussions across coalitions, how these discussions addressed race, ethnicity, and racial inequity, and whether the frequency of stigma discussions was associated with the proportion of minoritized populations in each community.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used Natural Language Processing, Machine Learning, and Large Language Models, employing ChatGPT Enterprise to code data, ensuring data security and privacy compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation and HIPAA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Community coalitions varied in the extent to which they discussed stigma during meetings focused on EBPs to reduce overdose deaths. Stigma was mentioned more frequently in the context of medication for opioid use disorder compared with other EBPs. As the percentage of racial/ethnic minority populations increased in a county, so did the strength of the association between discussions of EBPs and stigma. Counties with a greater proportion of racial/ethnic minority populations were more likely to integrate discussions of EBPs with stigma-related issues. Specifically, discussions about stigma were ~57% more likely to occur when racial or ethnic disparities were mentioned, compared with when they were not (odds ratio=1.57; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The paper highlights the potential for integrating AI-human collaboration into community-engaged research, particularly in leveraging qualitative data such as meeting minutes. It shows how AI can be used in real-time to enhance community-based research.</p>","PeriodicalId":14744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Opioid Use Disorder Among Peripartum Individuals During Hospitalization.","authors":"Shelby A Powers, Noel Ivey, Dana Clifton, Rebecca Lumsden","doi":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0000000000001523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Peripartum opioid use disorder (OUD) is a significant public health concern. Although hospital admission for labor and delivery is common, little is known about hospitalized peripartum individuals with OUD or their inpatient management. The purpose of this study was to characterize hospitalized peripartum individuals with OUD who were seen by an OUD consult service and to examine their inpatient OUD treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study of peripartum individuals who received an OUD consult from May 2020 to April 2022. All individuals were pregnant or up to 3 months postpartum at admission. Substance use and psychosocial history were collected, along with timing and acceptance of medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and details of discharge transitions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 23 peripartum individuals with OUD who received a consult during admission, 61% were white, 30% were black, and all were non-Hispanic. Most individuals (78%) had Medicaid. Only 30% were using MOUD at hospital admission. Two-thirds (63%) of those not using MOUD were started on treatment during hospitalization, most commonly with buprenorphine-naloxone. At discharge, most (74%) individuals were connected to outpatient OUD treatment. Of the total, 35% self-directed their discharge, and there was a higher proportion of self-directed discharges among those who did not receive inpatient MOUD compared with those who did (P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hospitalization during the peripartum period is an important opportunity for initiation of MOUD and linkage to longitudinal, community OUD services. Further understanding of factors contributing to high rates of self-directed discharge in the peripartum period is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of Physician Champion Efforts to Expand Buprenorphine Treatment in Primary Care and Explore a Quality Implementation Measure of Success: Buprenorphine as a Percentage of All Opioids Prescribed.","authors":"Thaddeus R Salmon, Anna-Maria South, Michelle R Lofwall","doi":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0000000000001535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study describes the impact of a single physician champion's implementation efforts to increase buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) in primary care and a \"proof-of-concept\" new quality electronic health record outcome indicative of success.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five primary care clinics at one academic medical center participated in this retrospective program evaluation conducted from October 2021 to December 2023. A physician champion led all implementation strategies for buprenorphine prescribing, including \"en bloc\" group engagement and training of physicians at clinic A; a limited set of implementation resources was later shared with clinic B. Clinics C-E served as controls. Electronic health record outcome measures from each clinic included (1) percent of clinicians prescribing buprenorphine, (2) number of buprenorphine prescriptions, (3) number of full opioid agonist prescriptions, and (4) percentage buprenorphine (PB) prescriptions defined as the number of buprenorphine prescriptions divided by the sum of the total number of buprenorphine and full mu-opioid agonist prescriptions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the 2-year period at clinic A, all clinicians prescribed buprenorphine; there was a decrease in full agonist prescribing, and PB increased from 0% to 30.8%. PB increased also at Clinic B. Buprenorphine prescribing did not increase, full agonist prescribing was stable, and PB remained <10% at control clinics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results show that a single physician can help other clinicians initiate and sustain buprenorphine prescribing. The PB metric, which includes full agonist prescribing along with buprenorphine, may be a particularly important quality metric for tracking implementation progress and quality improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":14744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insurance-related Risk Factors for Leaving Against Medical Advice after Opioid Overdose: A Cross-sectional Study Using Electronic Health Records.","authors":"Bailey W Osweiler, William D Hutson, Phillip L Marotta","doi":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001521","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The United States is in an overdose crisis, with many Americans seeking emergency medical services for drug overdose. Patients who leave against medical advice (AMA) have higher risk of subsequent health complications and hospital readmission. This cross-sectional study uses electronic health records (EHRs) to identify insurance-related risk factors for leaving AMA among patients hospitalized for opioid overdose.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Documented opioid overdose hospitalizations between June 2019 and November 2021 were identified using ICD-10 codes from EHR at a large Midwest academic hospital. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with leaving AMA. Opioid overdose hospitalizations were aggregated by patient, and bivariate analyses (χ2​​​​​, ANOVA) and logistic regression were used to test for associations between demographics and repeat hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3608 hospitalizations, 2985 unique patients were admitted. Compared with Medicare, patients with all other specified insurance types were more likely to leave AMA: self-pay 294% more (aOR = 3.94; 95% CI = 1.83-10.34), Medicaid 299% more (aOR = 3.99; 95% CI = 1.78-10.72), and commercial 402% more (aOR = 5.02; 95% CI = 1.88-14.94). Risk factors for repeat hospitalization included black race (aOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.26,2.07), and young age (aOR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98, 0.99), while female sex was associated with decreased odds (aOR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.57, 0.92).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Insurance may be associated with AMA discharge after opioid overdose. Tailored interventions addressing patients' financial concerns after hospitalization may increase access to care and reduce inequities.</p>","PeriodicalId":14744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12410449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of Mothers With Substance Use Disorder on Naloxone Education: \"I'm Ready to Have Those Conversations About Who I Was, Because That's Not Who I Am\".","authors":"Jessica B Calihan, Gina Liu, Katie Raftery, Latisha Goullaud, Jenna LaFleur, Galya Walt, Barbara H Chaiyachati, Sarah M Bagley, Jessica R Gray, Davida M Schiff","doi":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001531","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Approximately 3 million U.S. children live with a parent with an illicit or prescription substance use disorder (SUD) and may be at risk of witnessing an overdose. Parents with SUD offer valuable perspectives on how to facilitate conversations around overdose response. Our aim was to assess attitudes of parents with SUD towards discussing naloxone with their children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Parents with SUD were recruited from SUD treatment programs, social media, and a research website to participate in semistructured virtual focus groups facilitated by peers with lived experience of SUD while parenting. The interview guide was informed by study teams' clinical experiences. We used an inductive thematic analysis approach; transcripts were double-coded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen parents identifying as mothers participated in 4 focus groups. Four themes were identified. First, most mothers had not discussed naloxone use with their children, yet felt it was important to prepare them to respond to potential overdoses. Second, mothers highlighted that normalizing naloxone education through comparisons to other emergency responses may reduce stigma and expand learning opportunities. Third, mothers noted that overdose response involves physical, cognitive, and emotional processing skills that are acquired at different stages of child development. Fourth, mothers shared that naloxone discussions often require disclosing their own substance use, which was identified as a challenging conversation that mothers were variably ready to navigate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mothers with SUD believed their children would benefit from naloxone education. Supporting parents navigating their own SUD disclosure and identifying developmentally appropriate tools are important steps in devising education strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis Use Behaviors and Desired Interventions Among Postpartum Individuals With Frequent Cannabis Use in Early Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Shannon N Ogden, Tara R Foti, Monique B Does, Andrea Altschuler, Esti Iturralde, Stacy A Sterling, Deborah Ansley, Carley Castellanos, Kelly C Young-Wolff","doi":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001514","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cannabis use among perinatal individuals has dramatically increased. Thus, it is crucial to understand postpartum individuals' experiences with cannabis use, particularly during breastfeeding, and desired postpartum interventions to improve the care and well-being of parents and their children. We aimed to understand motivations for postpartum cannabis use and desired interventions for new parents who frequently used cannabis in early pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted semistructured interviews from April to May 2022 with postpartum patients who were first-time parents and endorsed daily or weekly cannabis use during early pregnancy on a universally administered, self-reported screener at prenatal care entry in a large integrated health care system in Northern California. We analyzed the professionally transcribed interviews using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our sample included 17 interviews with Black (n=4), Hispanic (n=4), and White (n=9) postpartum patients. Most participants (n=15) reported at least some postpartum cannabis use, two thirds of whom (n=10) reported use during breastfeeding. We identified 4 themes concerning postpartum cannabis use behaviors: (1) cannabis use to cope with mental health and physical pain postpartum, (2) minimal knowledge of cannabis risks with which to make decisions about postpartum use, (3) responsible cannabis use and concern about child's health and safety, and (4) desire for nonjudgmental postpartum supportive services to manage new parenthood.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight the need for supportive services for new parents and education on cannabis use while breastfeeding. Health care settings should equip their perinatal care teams with information on how to discuss the current evidence and potential harms and provide appropriate counseling regarding postpartum cannabis use.</p>","PeriodicalId":14744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12412769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}