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Delivery of AKT1 phospho-forms to human cells reveals differential substrate selectivity 向人类细胞输送 AKT1 磷酸化形式揭示了不同的底物选择性。
IF 3.7 3区 生物学
IUBMB Life Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2826
Tarana Siddika, Richard Shao, Ilka U. Heinemann, Patrick O'Donoghue
{"title":"Delivery of AKT1 phospho-forms to human cells reveals differential substrate selectivity","authors":"Tarana Siddika,&nbsp;Richard Shao,&nbsp;Ilka U. Heinemann,&nbsp;Patrick O'Donoghue","doi":"10.1002/iub.2826","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iub.2826","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Protein kinase B (AKT1) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates fundamental cellular processes, including cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism. AKT1 activity is controlled by two regulatory phosphorylation sites (Thr308, Ser473) that stimulate a downstream signaling cascade through phosphorylation of many target proteins. At either or both regulatory sites, hyperphosphorylation is associated with poor survival outcomes in many human cancers. Our previous biochemical and chemoproteomic studies showed that the phosphorylated forms of AKT1 have differential selectivity toward peptide substrates. Here, we investigated AKT1-dependent activity in human cells, using a cell-penetrating peptide (transactivator of transcription, TAT) to deliver inactive AKT1 or active phospho-variants to cells. We used enzyme engineering and genetic code expansion relying on a phosphoseryl-transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetase (SepRS) and tRNA<sup>Sep</sup> pair to produce TAT-tagged AKT1 with programmed phosphorylation at one or both key regulatory sites. We found that all TAT-tagged AKT1 variants were efficiently delivered into human embryonic kidney (HEK 293T) cells and that only the phosphorylated AKT1 (pAKT1) variants stimulated downstream signaling. All TAT-pAKT1 variants induced glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3α phosphorylation, as well as phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 at Ser240/244, demonstrating stimulation of downstream AKT1 signaling. Fascinatingly, only the AKT1 variants phosphorylated at S473 (TAT-pAKT1<sup>S473</sup> or TAT-pAKT1<sup>T308,S473</sup>) were able to increase phospho-GSK-3β levels. Although each TAT-pAKT1 variant significantly stimulated cell proliferation, cells transduced with TAT-pAKT1<sup>T308</sup> grew significantly faster than with the other pAKT1 variants. The data demonstrate differential activity of the AKT1 phospho-forms in modulating downstream signaling and proliferation in human cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":14728,"journal":{"name":"IUBMB Life","volume":"76 9","pages":"632-646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iub.2826","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140911808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein knock-down in conjunction with a cholesterol-depleting agent decreases tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells 胆固醇酯转移蛋白敲除与胆固醇消耗剂结合使用可降低乳腺癌细胞对他莫昔芬的抗药性。
IF 3.7 3区 生物学
IUBMB Life Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2823
Liang Gu, Ruvesh Pascal Pillay, Ruth Aronson, Mandeep Kaur
{"title":"Cholesteryl ester transfer protein knock-down in conjunction with a cholesterol-depleting agent decreases tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells","authors":"Liang Gu,&nbsp;Ruvesh Pascal Pillay,&nbsp;Ruth Aronson,&nbsp;Mandeep Kaur","doi":"10.1002/iub.2823","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iub.2823","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cholesterogenic phenotype, encompassing de novo biosynthesis and accumulation of cholesterol, aids cancer cell proliferation and survival. Previously, the role of cholesteryl ester (CE) transfer protein (CETP) has been implicated in breast cancer aggressiveness, but the molecular basis of this observation is not clearly understood, which this study aims to elucidate. <i>CETP</i> knock-down resulted in a &gt;50% decrease in cell proliferation in both ‘estrogen receptor-positive’ (ER+; Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF7) breast cancer cells) and ‘triple-negative’ breast cancer (TNBC; MDA-MB-231) cell lines. Intriguingly, the abrogation of <i>CETP</i> together with the combination treatment of tamoxifen (5 μM) and acetyl plumbagin (a cholesterol-depleting agent) (5 μM) resulted in twofold to threefold increase in apoptosis in both cell lines. <i>CETP</i> knockdown also showed decreased intracellular CE levels, lipid raft and lipid droplets in both cell lines. In addition, RT<sup>2</sup> Profiler PCR array (Qiagen, Germany)-based gene expression analysis revealed an overall downregulation of genes associated in cholesterol biosynthesis, lipid signalling and drug resistance in MCF7 cells post-<i>CETP</i> knock-down. On the contrary, resistance in MDA-MB-231 cells was reduced through increased expression in cholesterol efflux genes and the expression of targetable surface receptors by endocrine therapy. The pilot xenograft mice study substantiated <i>CETP</i>'s role as a cancer survival gene as knock-down of <i>CETP</i> stunted the growth of TNBC tumour by 86%. The principal findings of this study potentiate CETP as a driver in breast cancer growth and aggressiveness and thus targeting CETP could limit drug resistance via the reduction in cholesterol accumulation in breast cancer cells, thereby reducing cancer aggressiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":14728,"journal":{"name":"IUBMB Life","volume":"76 9","pages":"712-730"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iub.2823","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140908593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PHLDA2 overexpression facilitates senescence and apoptosis via the mitochondrial route in human nucleus pulposus cells by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway PHLDA2过表达通过调节Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,促进人髓核细胞通过线粒体途径衰老和凋亡。
IF 3.7 3区 生物学
IUBMB Life Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2829
Xian Chang, Ya Cao, Zhi-Lei Hu, Yu Zhai, Yu-Yao Zhang, Yang-Fan Lv, Chang-Qing Li
{"title":"PHLDA2 overexpression facilitates senescence and apoptosis via the mitochondrial route in human nucleus pulposus cells by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway","authors":"Xian Chang,&nbsp;Ya Cao,&nbsp;Zhi-Lei Hu,&nbsp;Yu Zhai,&nbsp;Yu-Yao Zhang,&nbsp;Yang-Fan Lv,&nbsp;Chang-Qing Li","doi":"10.1002/iub.2829","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iub.2829","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Low back pain is a common clinical symptom of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), which seriously affects the quality of life of the patients. The abnormal apoptosis and senescence of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) play important roles in the pathogenesis of IVDD. PHLDA2 is an imprinted gene related to cell apoptosis and tumour progression. However, its role in NPC degeneration is not yet clear. Therefore, this study was set to explore the effects of PHLDA2 on NPC senescence and apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms. The expression of PHLDA2 was examined in human nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues and NPCs. Immunohistochemical staining, magnetic resonance imaging imaging and western blot were performed to evaluate the phenotypes of intervertebral discs. Senescence and apoptosis of NPCs were assessed by SA-β-galactosidase, flow cytometry and western blot. Mitochondrial function was investigated by JC-1 staining and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the expression level of PHLDA2 was abnormally elevated in degenerated human NP tissues and NPCs. Furthermore, knockdown of PHLDA2 can significantly inhibit senescence and apoptosis of NPCs, whereas overexpression of PHLDA2 can reverse senescence and apoptosis of NPCs in vitro. In vivo experiment further confirmed that PHLDA2 knockdown could alleviate IVDD in rats. Knockdown of PHLDA2 could also reverse senescence and apoptosis in IL-1β-treated NPCs. JC-1 staining indicated PHLDA2's knockdown impaired disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential and also ameliorated superstructural destruction of NPCs as showed by transmission electron microscopy. Finally, we found the PHLDA2 knockdown promoted Collagen-II expression and suppressed MMP3 expression in NPCs by repressing wnt/β-catenin pathway. In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that PHLDA2 promotes IL-1β-induced apoptosis and senescence of NP cells via mitochondrial route by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and suggested that therapy targeting PHLDA2 may provide valuable insights into possible IVDD therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14728,"journal":{"name":"IUBMB Life","volume":"76 10","pages":"788-802"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140896064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The cellular localization and oncogenic or tumor suppressive effects of angiomiotin-like protein 2 in tumor and normal cells 血管紧张素样蛋白 2 在肿瘤细胞和正常细胞中的细胞定位及致癌或抑癌作用。
IF 3.7 3区 生物学
IUBMB Life Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2830
Huizhen Wang, Jing Li, Kexun Yu, Yida Lu, Mengdi Ma, Yongxiang Li
{"title":"The cellular localization and oncogenic or tumor suppressive effects of angiomiotin-like protein 2 in tumor and normal cells","authors":"Huizhen Wang,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Kexun Yu,&nbsp;Yida Lu,&nbsp;Mengdi Ma,&nbsp;Yongxiang Li","doi":"10.1002/iub.2830","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iub.2830","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Angiomiotin (AMOT) family comprises three members: AMOT, AMOT-like protein 1 (AMOTL1), and AMOT-like protein 2 (AMOTL2). AMOTL2 is widely expressed in endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and various cancer cells. Specifically, AMOTL2 predominantly localizes in the cytoplasm and nucleus in human normal cells, whereas associates with cell–cell junctions and actin cytoskeleton in non-human cells, and locates at cell junctions or within the recycling endosomes in cancer cells. AMOTL2 is implicated in regulation of tube formation, cell polarity, and shape, although the specific impact on tumorigenesis remains to be conclusively determined. It has been shown that AMOTL2 enhances tumor growth and metastasis in pancreatic, breast, and colon cancer, however inhibits cell proliferation and migration in lung, hepatocellular cancer, and glioblastoma. In addition to its role in cell shape and cytoskeletal dynamics through co-localization with F-actin, AMOTL2 modulates the transcription of Yes-associated protein (YAP) by binding to it, thereby affecting its phosphorylation and cellular sequestration. Furthermore, the stability and cellular localization of AMOTL2, influenced by its phosphorylation and ubiquitination mediated by specific proteins, affects its cellular function. Additionally, we observe that AMOTL2 is predominantly downregulated in some tumors, but significantly elevated in colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD). Moreover, overall analysis, GSEA and ROC curve analysis indicate that AMOTL2 exerts as an oncogenic protein in COAD by modulating Wnt pathway, participating in synthesis of collagen formation, and interacting with extracellular matrix receptor. In addition, AMOTL2 potentially regulates the distribution of immune cells infiltration in COAD. In summary, AMOTL2 probably functions as an oncogene in COAD. Consequently, further in-depth mechanistic research is required to elucidate the precise roles of AMOTL2 in various cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":14728,"journal":{"name":"IUBMB Life","volume":"76 10","pages":"764-779"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kaempferide triggers apoptosis and paraptosis in pancreatic tumor cells by modulating the ROS production, SHP-1 expression, and the STAT3 pathway 山奈苷通过调节 ROS 的产生、SHP-1 的表达和 STAT3 通路,引发胰腺肿瘤细胞的凋亡和副凋亡。
IF 3.7 3区 生物学
IUBMB Life Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2827
Young Yun Jung, Ninh The Son, Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan, Jairo Kenupp Bastos, Nguyen Dinh Luyen, Le Mai Huong, Kwang Seok Ahn
{"title":"Kaempferide triggers apoptosis and paraptosis in pancreatic tumor cells by modulating the ROS production, SHP-1 expression, and the STAT3 pathway","authors":"Young Yun Jung,&nbsp;Ninh The Son,&nbsp;Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan,&nbsp;Jairo Kenupp Bastos,&nbsp;Nguyen Dinh Luyen,&nbsp;Le Mai Huong,&nbsp;Kwang Seok Ahn","doi":"10.1002/iub.2827","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iub.2827","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest diseases with a poor prognosis and a five-survival rate. The STAT3 pathway is hyperactivated which contributes to the sustained proliferative signals in pancreatic cancer cells. We have isolated kaempferide (KF), an <i>O</i>-methylated flavonol, from the green propolis of <i>Mimosa tenuiflora</i> and examined its effect on two forms of cell death namely, apoptosis and paraptosis. KF significantly increased the cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP. It also downmodulated the expression of Alix (an intracellular inhibitor of paraptosis) and increased the expression of CHOP and ATF4 (transcription factors that promote paraptosis) indicating that KF promotes apoptosis as well as paraptosis. KF also increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) suggesting the perturbance of the redox state. N-acetylcysteine reverted the apoptosis- and paraptosis-inducing effects of KF. Some ROS inducers are known to suppress the STAT3 pathway and investigation revealed that KF downmodulates STAT3 and its upstream kinases (JAK1, JAK2, and Src). Additionally, KF also elevated the expression of SHP-1, a tyrosine phosphatase which is involved in the negative modulation of the STAT3 pathway. Knockdown of SHP-1 prevented KF-driven STAT3 inhibition. Altogether, KF has been identified as a promoter of apoptosis and paraptosis in pancreatic cancer cells through the elevation of ROS generation and SHP-1 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14728,"journal":{"name":"IUBMB Life","volume":"76 9","pages":"745-759"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Differentiation of neural stem cells from human olfactory mucosa into dopaminergic neuron-like cells 将人类嗅粘膜的神经干细胞分化为多巴胺能神经元样细胞。
IF 3.7 3区 生物学
IUBMB Life Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2822
Tuğba Ertem, Onur Uysal
{"title":"Differentiation of neural stem cells from human olfactory mucosa into dopaminergic neuron-like cells","authors":"Tuğba Ertem,&nbsp;Onur Uysal","doi":"10.1002/iub.2822","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iub.2822","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study was to develop an alternative treatment method for neurodegenerative diseases with dopaminergic neuron loss such as Parkinson's disease by differentiating cells obtained from human olfactory mucosa-derived neural stem cells (hOM-NSCs) with neurotrophic agents <i>in vitro</i>. hOM-NSCs were isolated and subjected to immunophenotypic and MTT analyses. These hOM-NSCs were then cultured in a 3D environment to form neurospheres. The neurospheres were subjected to immunophenotypic analysis and neuronal differentiation assays. Furthermore, hOM-NSCs were differentiated into dopaminergic neuron-like cells <i>in vitro</i>. After differentiation, the dopaminergic neuron-like cells were subjected to immunophenotypic (TH, MAP2) and genotypic (DAT, PITX3, NURR1, TH) characterization. Flow cytometric analysis showed that NSCs were positive for cell surface markers (CD56, CD133). Immunofluorescence analysis showed that NSCs were positive for markers with neuronal and glial cell characteristics (SOX2, NESTIN, TUBB3, GFAP and NG2). Immunofluorescence analysis after differentiation of hOM-NSCs into dopaminergic neuron-like cells <i>in vitro</i> showed that they were positive for a protein specific for dopaminergic neurons (TH). qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of dopaminergic neuron-specific genes (DAT, TH, PITX3, NURR1) was significantly increased. It was concluded that hOM-NSCs may be a source of neural stem cells that can be used for cell replacement therapies in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, are resistant to cell culture, can differentiate into neuronal and glial lineage, are easy to obtain and are cost effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":14728,"journal":{"name":"IUBMB Life","volume":"76 9","pages":"697-711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140656550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
LncRNA RP11-301G19.1 is required for the maintenance of vascular smooth muscle cell contractile phenotype via sponging miR-17-5P/ATOH8 axis LncRNA RP11-301G19.1是通过海绵miR-17-5P/ATOH8轴维持血管平滑肌细胞收缩表型所必需的。
IF 3.7 3区 生物学
IUBMB Life Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2824
Shuning Hao, Feifei Zuo, Hongmin Zhang, Ying Wang, Liwen Huang, Fenghui Ma, Tiefeng Song, Tongcun Zhang, Xuejun Ren, Nan Wang
{"title":"LncRNA RP11-301G19.1 is required for the maintenance of vascular smooth muscle cell contractile phenotype via sponging miR-17-5P/ATOH8 axis","authors":"Shuning Hao,&nbsp;Feifei Zuo,&nbsp;Hongmin Zhang,&nbsp;Ying Wang,&nbsp;Liwen Huang,&nbsp;Fenghui Ma,&nbsp;Tiefeng Song,&nbsp;Tongcun Zhang,&nbsp;Xuejun Ren,&nbsp;Nan Wang","doi":"10.1002/iub.2824","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iub.2824","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) play essential roles in regulating gene expression in various biological processes. However, the function of lncRNAs in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) transformation remains to be explained. In this work, we discover that a new bone marrow protein (BMP) signaling target, lncRNA RP11-301G19.1, is significantly induced in BMP7-treated VSMCs through lncRNA microarray analysis. Addition of BMP signaling inhibitor LDN-193189 attenuates the expression of ACTA2 and SM-22α, as well as the mRNA level of RP11-301G19.1. Furthermore, lncRNA RP11-301G19.1 is critical to the VSMC differentiation and is directly activated by SMAD1/9. Mechanistically, knocking down of RP11-301G19.1 leads to the decrease of ATOH8, another BMP target, while the forced expression of RP11-301G19.1 reactivates ATOH8. In addition, miR-17-5p, a miRNA negatively regulated by BMP-7, contains predicted binding sites for lncRNA RP11-301G19.1 and ATOH8 3′UTR. Accordingly, overexpression of miR-17-5p decreases the levels of them. Together, our results revealed the role of lncRNA RP11-301G19.1 as a miRNA sponge to upregulate ATOH8 in VSMC phenotype transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14728,"journal":{"name":"IUBMB Life","volume":"76 9","pages":"731-744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140666589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental evolution of extremotolerant and extremophilic fungi under osmotic stress 渗透胁迫下极端耐受真菌和嗜极端真菌的实验进化
IF 3.7 3区 生物学
IUBMB Life Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2825
Farhad Hariri Akbari, Zewei Song, Martina Turk, Nina Gunde-Cimerman, Cene Gostinčar
{"title":"Experimental evolution of extremotolerant and extremophilic fungi under osmotic stress","authors":"Farhad Hariri Akbari,&nbsp;Zewei Song,&nbsp;Martina Turk,&nbsp;Nina Gunde-Cimerman,&nbsp;Cene Gostinčar","doi":"10.1002/iub.2825","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iub.2825","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Experimental evolution was carried out to investigate the adaptive responses of extremotolerant fungi to a stressful environment. For 12 cultivation cycles, the halotolerant black yeasts <i>Aureobasidium pullulans</i> and <i>Aureobasidium subglaciale</i> were grown at high NaCl or glycerol concentrations, and the halophilic basidiomycete <i>Wallemia ichthyophaga</i> was grown close to its lower NaCl growth limit. All evolved <i>Aureobasidium</i> spp. accelerated their growth at low water activity. Whole genomes of the evolved strains were sequenced. No aneuploidies were detected in any of the genomes, contrary to previous studies on experimental evolution at high salinity with other species. However, several hundred single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified compared with the genomes of the progenitor strains. Two functional groups of genes were overrepresented among the genes presumably affected by single-nucleotide polymorphisms: voltage-gated potassium channels in <i>A. pullulans</i> at high NaCl concentration, and hydrophobins in <i>W. ichthyophaga</i> at low NaCl concentration. Both groups of genes were previously associated with adaptation to high salinity. Finally, most evolved <i>Aureobasidium</i> spp. strains were found to have increased intracellular and decreased extracellular glycerol concentrations at high salinity, suggesting that the strains have optimised their management of glycerol, their most important compatible solute. Experimental evolution therefore not only confirmed the role of potassium transport, glycerol management, and cell wall in survival at low water activity, but also demonstrated that fungi from extreme environments can further improve their growth rates under constant extreme conditions in a relatively short time and without large scale genomic rearrangements.</p>","PeriodicalId":14728,"journal":{"name":"IUBMB Life","volume":"76 9","pages":"617-631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iub.2825","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140636855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Imperative connotation of SODs in cancer: Emerging targets and multifactorial role of action SOD 在癌症中的重要内涵:新目标和多因素作用
IF 3.7 3区 生物学
IUBMB Life Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2821
Biswajit Panda, Ankita Tripathy, Srimanta Patra, Bandana Kullu, Shams Tabrez, Mrutyunjay Jena
{"title":"Imperative connotation of SODs in cancer: Emerging targets and multifactorial role of action","authors":"Biswajit Panda,&nbsp;Ankita Tripathy,&nbsp;Srimanta Patra,&nbsp;Bandana Kullu,&nbsp;Shams Tabrez,&nbsp;Mrutyunjay Jena","doi":"10.1002/iub.2821","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iub.2821","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a crucial enzyme responsible for the redox homeostasis inside the cell. As a part of the antioxidant defense system, it plays a pivotal role in the dismutation of the superoxide radicals (<span></span><math>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>O</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow></math>) generated mainly by the oxidative phosphorylation, which would otherwise bring out the redox dysregulation, leading to higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and, ultimately, cell transformation, and malignancy. Several studies have shown the involvement of ROS in a wide range of human cancers. As SOD is the key enzyme in regulating ROS, any change, such as a transcriptional change, epigenetic remodeling, functional alteration, and so forth, either activates the proto-oncogenes or aberrant signaling cascades, which results in cancer. Interestingly, in some cases, SODs act as tumor promoters instead of suppressors. Furthermore, SODs have also been known to switch their role during tumor progression. In this review, we have tried to give a comprehensive account of SODs multifactorial role in various human cancers so that SODs-based therapeutic strategies could be made to thwart cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":14728,"journal":{"name":"IUBMB Life","volume":"76 9","pages":"592-613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140584161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IUBMB Life special issue: Mitochondrial biology and the yeast paradigm IUBMB 生命特刊:线粒体生物学和酵母模式
IF 3.7 3区 生物学
IUBMB Life Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2820
Flavia Fontanesi
{"title":"IUBMB Life special issue: Mitochondrial biology and the yeast paradigm","authors":"Flavia Fontanesi","doi":"10.1002/iub.2820","DOIUrl":"10.1002/iub.2820","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14728,"journal":{"name":"IUBMB Life","volume":"76 9","pages":"614-616"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140584140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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