Iraqi Journal of Science最新文献

{"title":"The Simulation Technique to Estimate the Parameters of Generalized Exponential Rayleigh Model","authors":"R. N. Shalan, I. Alkanani","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.27","url":null,"abstract":"     The paper shows how to estimate the three parameters of the generalized exponential Rayleigh distribution by utilizing the three estimation methods, namely, the moment employing estimation method (MEM), ordinary least squares estimation method (OLSEM),  and maximum entropy estimation method (MEEM). The simulation technique is used for all these estimation methods to find the parameters for the generalized exponential Rayleigh distribution. In order to find the best method, we use the mean squares error criterion. Finally, in order to extract the experimental results, one of object oriented programming languages visual basic. net was used","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"24 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Certain Subclass of Meromorphic Multivalent Functions Associated with Fractional Calculus Operator","authors":"S. Hussein, K. A. Jassim","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.22","url":null,"abstract":"     In this paper, the class of meromorphic multivalent functions of the form by using fractional differ-integral operators is introduced. We get Coefficients estimates, radii of convexity and star likeness. Also closure theorems and distortion theorem for the class ,  is calculaed.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"53 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electron Scattering from Stable and Exotic Li Isotopes","authors":"Ameen Hameed, A. R. Ridha","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.18","url":null,"abstract":"     The nuclear shell model was used to investigate the bulk properties of lithium isotopes (6,7,8,9,11Li), i.e., the ground state density distributions and C0 and C2 components of charge form factors. The theoretical treatment was based on supposing that the Harmonic-oscillator (HO) potential governs the core nucleons while the valence nucleon(s) move through Hulthen potential. Such assumptions were applied for both stable and exotic lithium isotopes. The HO size parameters (  and ), the core radii ( ) and the attenuation parameters (  and ) were fixed to recreate the available empirical size radii for lithium isotopes under study.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Real Estate Prices Using Machine Learning in Abu Dhabi","authors":"Fatima Isameel Al Marzooqi, Abdesselam Redouane","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.40","url":null,"abstract":"     Traditionally, real estate prices were determined based on demand and supply. As the real estate market was  unregulated and underdeveloped, brokers and real estate builders had an upper hand in determining the unit prices of residential houses in Abu Dhabi. A pricing gap was eventually noticed. This was a challenge. There is a delay in updating the real estate websites and portal information. Therefore, the need for accurate forecasting of prices has become urgent. With a variety of use case scenarios for machine learning concepts, this paper is dedicated to using the concepts of machine learning to predict the real estate prices of Aldar in the Abu Dhabi region, which comprises 511 residential units, 15 retail shops, and one community center. Decision tree, random forest, support vector machines, and K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithms were used to identify which one is better for forecasting these real estate prices. Comparing the generated models, the random forest is the best-performing model, followed by support vector regression, and the decision tree model is the least-performing model.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral and Biochemical Variations in Unio tigridis After Exposure to Lead Nitrate","authors":"N. S. Hanna, Y. Shekha","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"     This study was carried out with the freshwater mussel Unio tigridis exposed to lead nitrate. The samples of water and mussels were collected from Qandil water resources situated in Qandil village at 36° 37' 39.55\" north latitude and 44° 10' 51.80\" east longitude, and it is  322 meters above sea level. In January 2022, rivers and aquariums water were tested for temperature,  pH, EC, TDS, DO, total alkalinity, total hardness, and calcium and magnesium ions. Studied organisms were exposed to variable concentrations of lead nitrate ranging from 0 to 900 ppm. The 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50) was measured and a comparison was made between the behavioural responses of the control and treatment groups. Also, the concentrations of lead in the experimental media, shell, and soft tissue of mussels were measured. A sample of mussels collected from aquarium was tested for biochemical markers, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Glutathione S-Transferase (GST), Catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA). After 96 hours, the LC50 was estimated to be 782.7 ppm. The findings on behaviours revealed that lead slows down species' activities. Lead concentratiom increased within the mussel body as the water lead level decreased. The value of AChE was inversely related to lead concentration. However, GST, CAT and MDA increased with lead exposure.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneously Quantifying the Antiviral Drug Contents of Acyclovir, Amantadine, and Oseltamivir in Pharmaceutical Formulations","authors":"Sohair Salah Ahmed, A. Rasheed","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"     Antibiotics treat bacterial infections, whereas antiviral drugs treat viral illnesses. Antivirals are used to treat a variety of infectious diseases, including COVID-19 and influenza. The technique of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) provides more sensitivity and precision than other approaches, particularly spectrophotometric. This research seeks to develop a simple method for simultaneously quantifying acyclovir, amantadine, and oseltamivir in creams and capsules. The RP-HPLC method optimization and development for verifying the separation and quantification of three antiviral drugs included the investigation of the optimal buffer concentration, pH value, and acetonitrile content. On a C8 HyperClone BDS column, the RP-HPLC system with UV detection achieved separation (250 x 4.60 mm, 130A, and 5). The mixture of acetonitrile and acetate buffer as mobile phase gradient elution at a detection wavelength of 254 nm and 1 mL/min flow rate. The proposed method provided a linear range of 0.08-10.5, 0.06-4.5 and 0.02-14 μg/mL, as well as excellent validated values for LOD (0.0205, 0.0107, and 0.0083 μg/mL) and LOQ (0.0621, 0.0324 and 0.0251 μg/mL) with a coefficient of determination (r2) of the regression line of 0.9998, 0.9988, and 0.9994 for acyclovir, amantadine, and oseltamivir, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"56 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Timewise-Source Coefficient in Time-Fractional Reaction-Diffusion Equation from First Order Heat Moment","authors":"Qutaiba W. Ibraheem, M. S. Hussein","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.35","url":null,"abstract":"     This article aims to determine the time-dependent heat coefficient together with the temperature solution for a type of semi-linear time-fractional inverse source problem by applying a method based on the finite difference scheme and Tikhonov regularization. An unconditionally stable implicit finite difference scheme is used as a direct (forward) solver. While by the MATLAB routine lsqnonlin from the optimization toolbox, the inverse problem is reformulated as nonlinear least square minimization and solved efficiently. Since the problem is generally incorrect or ill-posed that means any error inclusion in the input data will produce a large error in the output data. Therefore, the Tikhonov regularization technique is applied to obtain stable and accurate results. Finally, to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of our scheme, two benchmark test problems have been considered, and its good working with different noise levels.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"52 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey Study on Proposed Solutions for Imbalanced Big Data","authors":"S. Razoqi, Ghayda Al-Talib","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.37","url":null,"abstract":"     Learning from imbalanced data has been a focus of studies for more than two decades of continuous development. Training data is considered imbalanced when the size of the positive (minority) class is neglected because of the large size of the negative (majority) class, in addition to the problem of deviating distributions of binary tasks. The appearance of big data brings new problems and challenges to the imbalance problem. Big Data announces the challenges with 5V: volume, velocity, veracity, value, and variety. This study relied on dividing the solution to the problem of data imbalance into three levels: data level, algorithm level, and hybrid approaches. First, the standard solutions for this problem that were proposed were mentioned, and in addition, the most important metrics adopted for measuring the classification efficiency of imbalanced data were identified. In this survey study, 27 studies were reviewed during the period 2015–2022, distributed according to the levels of treatment of the imbalance problem. They also reviewed the performance metrics that were used in these studies and the sources of the datasets to which these solutions were applied. The study makes it easier for researchers and scholars to see the solutions to addressing the problem of data imbalance and the hybrid approaches recently used for that, and to take advantage of them in improving the classification process.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Gamma Ray as Oxidative Stress on Several Blood Parameters of Male Chickens","authors":"Yasir A. Al-Jawwady, Q. Al-Dulamey, L. A. Najam","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"     The present work aims to detect the effects of gamma ray radiation emitted from Co-60 on several blood parameters (PCV, Hb, WBCs and  RBCs) of male chickens. Also, the potential antioxidant impact of grape seeds oil exposed to cold plasma  as a protective material to lower the damage caused by gamma ray was tested for a long time and low dose rate. Healthy male chickens were used in this study which had an age range of 2 to 3 months and  a weight range of 1.5 to 2 kg. Animals were kept in plastic cages (100 x 400  x 40 cm dimensions) within  humidity and temperature preserved at limited values. Four experimental groups were included; the first was the un-exposed control. The second group was administered with a dose of grape seed extract. The third group was exposed to gamma ray radiation only. The fourth group  was administered with a dose of grape seed extract  and irradiated with  gamma  waves. Forty male chickens   were used in this work as they were parted  and administered with the selected  doses. The control group was considered as the first group that contained  10 male chicken without  being exposed to waves of  gamma rays. The next group also contained  10 male chicken irradiated with 5 Gy/lh at  interval 7 hour/day for 20 days as second group. Another group contained 10 male chicken  and  was dealt with oil of grape seed  400 mg/kg wt) with orally administered dose for 20 days as third group. The fourth group contained 10 male chicken irradiated with 5 Gy/h at interval of 7 hour/day for 20 days and dealt with orally administered dose  (400 mg/kg wt)  of grape seed oil  for the same time. Overall groups (2-4), male chicken number became 30 used for 40.60 days at 7 hours per day. The schedule of work was achieved at 5 Gy/h of radiation equivalent dose with different exposure time for (20 and 40,60 days) on male chicken and at period 7 hours daily. The grape seed extract was bought from local market in Mosul City and filters from impure, as we found significant decrease in ratio of blood factors RBCs, WBCs, Hb and PCV with increasing of exposure time. This data changes with adding antioxidant materials as (grape seed oil) were the value of blood factors ratio enhancement by increasing the time of dose of these material compared with control group. The blood factors ratio of male chickens change with exposure time, with significant decrease by increasing exposure time, however, the protective material ( grape seed oil ) reduces the change in ratio % of the some blood factors compared with control group.","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Magnetic Field and Rotation on Peristaltic Flow of A Bingham Fluid in Asymmetric Channel with Porous Medium","authors":"Mohammed Obayes Kadhim, L. Hummady","doi":"10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2024.65.3.33","url":null,"abstract":"     In this paper, we investigate the influence of the rotation and magnetic field on the peristaltic flow of the Bingham fluid in an asymmetric channel with a porous medium under the long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximation assumptions.                                                                                                                           \u0000The perturbation method and the Mathematica program for solving nonlinear partial differential equations are used to couple the momentum equations with the rotational and magnetic field equations. The fluid is considered to be subject to a magnetic field and to flow within a porous medium. Graphs are used to display expressions for speed, stress gradient, magnetic subject, current density, rotation impact, and drift function. The findings reveal that the rotation, density, permeability, coupling diversity, and non-dimensional wave amplitude all play significant roles in the phenomenon. The quantities flow has been tested for variant parameters. The impact of the Bingham, Hartman and Darcy numbers are also tested for different values to indicate the effect on the movement of flow fluid. The applications can be seen through many graphics. ","PeriodicalId":14698,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Science","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}