Iranian Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiology of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Intensive Care Nurses: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Zohreh Gehisari, Elnaz Hashemzadeh, Sevda Fazlizade, Hamed Razaghpour, Mohammad Abdi, Maryam Asadi Aghajari","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20811","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The intensive care unit environment poses a substantial risk for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among nurses, stemming from frequent exposure to traumatic events and patient death This systematic review aimed to determine the epidemiology of PTSD among ICU nurses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from Jan 2000 to Dec 2024 for studies reporting PTSD prevalence among ICU nurses. Inclusion criteria were observational studies with validated PTSD assessment tools; Exclusion criteria included case reports and non-English publications. Data were synthesized using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study reviewed 25 papers that provided quantitative data and were included in the analysis; the sample sizes varied from 98 to 748 ICU nurses. The published frequency of PTSD among ICU nurses has been identified to range between 3.3% and 64%. The pooled prevalence was estimated to be approximately 32.78 % (CI 95%[31.6%, 33.9%]). The specific factors influencing risk for PTSD included exposure to traumatic events: having a high workload, staff shortage, and organizational issues with the absence of psychological support, as well as individual characteristics, including younger age and prior mental health disorders. The impacts of PTSD included psychological distress, poor sleep quality, feelings of loneliness, and a reduced health-related quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high prevalence of PTSD among ICU nurses underscores an urgent need for targeted interventions and support programs. Providing essential support through staffing, psychological resources, and resilience training is critical. Further research should examine the longitudinal course of PTSD and evaluate intervention outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14685,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"54 12","pages":"2566-2578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When the Body Says No: Legal Protection for Women Survivors of Vaginismus in Marriage in Indonesia.","authors":"Marzellina Hardiyanti, Aga Natalis, Tri Laksmi Indreswari","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20852","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20852","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14685,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"54 12","pages":"2784-2786"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Temporal Trends in Prevalence of Hearing Loss in Young Adults Aged 15-39 Years and Projections to 2040.","authors":"Xin Gong, Yongqi Dong, Yinxia Xu, Chao Yuan, Xiaoling Zhang, Shiyong Xiao, Dan Wu, Deping Wang","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20823","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hearing loss (HL) constitutes a significant hazard to the health and social welfare, yet there is a lack of data on its burden in young adults (YAs) aged 15-39 yr. This study aimed to delineate the global temporal trends and predict the future burden of HL in YAs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021, we analyzed the prevalent cases and age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR) of HL in YAs by age, sex, and Socio-demographic Index(SDI). The age-period-cohort (APC) model was used to assess trends, while the Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) model projected future epidemiological trajectories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, HL prevalent cases in YAs increased from 171.77 million (95% CI: 145.95-200.16) in 1992 to 256.16 million (95% CI: 222.49-293.87) in 2021. The ASPR rose from 7862.80 to 8474.66 per 100,000 over this period, with males consistently showing higher rates than females. APC analysis revealed age-dependent increases in hearing loss risk, adverse period effects in recent years (2012-2021), and a peak relative risk in the 1997-2006 birth cohort. The BAPC model projects 291.37 million (95% CI: 182.25-400.49) prevalent cases by 2040.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The global burden of HL in YAs is rising, particularly since the relative risk of HL has continued to grow during the last 10 years, highlighting the need for further research and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14685,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"54 12","pages":"2712-2723"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy Options for Prevention of Leptospirosis Epidemics: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Hamid Pourasghari, Mohammad Ali Rezaei","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20817","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease causing over one million cases and 60,000 deaths annually. This review aimed to identify and assess policy options for leptospirosis prevention using the One Health approach and One Health Governance Index (OHGI) framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched for full-text academic articles, along with Google Scholar and reference lists from Jan 2008 to Dec 2023. A scoping review was conducted following Arksey and O'Malley's framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Articles were retrieved from major databases using defined keywords. Eligible studies focused on community-based policies for human leptospirosis prevention. Two reviewers independently assessed quality, and data were categorized by One Health domains and analyzed using the OHGI framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-two studies were included. Common policy strategies involved sanitation education, medical training, surveillance of humans, animals, and environments, legal controls on exposure sources, infrastructure upgrades, and vaccination. Tools like GIS and climate data supported preparedness. Policy options most addressed rule of law, effectiveness, and equity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preventing leptospirosis epidemics demands coordinated, context-specific One Health policies that address implementation gaps and promote equity across vulnerable settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14685,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"54 12","pages":"2647-2659"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Using Heparin and Bivalirudin on Clinical Outcome of Subjects Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Yan Yu, Xiaojian Sun, Mengchao Su","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20812","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bivalirudin is increasingly used as an alternative to heparin in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) due to its potential for reducing adverse clinical outcomes. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of bivalirudin versus heparin across various clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 27 studies were included, comprising 63,624 patients: 30,492 received Bivalirudin, and 33,132 received Heparin. Key endpoints analyzed include net adverse clinical events (NACE), major adverse clinical events, major bleeding, mortality, stroke, and stent thrombosis. Data were pooled using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. Publication bias was evaluated using Begg's and Egger's tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bivalirudin significantly reduced the risk of major bleeding (MD=-0.4445, 95% CI [-0.6276, -0.2615], <i>P</i><0.0001, I²=76.79%) compared to Heparin. However, no significant differences were found for major adverse clinical events (MD=-0.0993, <i>P</i>=0.3194) or mortality (MD=-0.1959, <i>P</i>=0.0893). There was moderate heterogeneity in most analyses, particularly for NACE (I²=68.24%) and stent thrombosis (I²=55.33%). No significant differences were observed for stroke prevention or stent thrombosis. Subgroup analyses demonstrated significant reductions in major bleeding with Bivalirudin, particularly in STEMI patients (log OR=-0.37, P<0.0001), though no differences in MACE or stent thrombosis were observed. High heterogeneity in NSTEMI populations (I²=81.4%) underscores the need for individualized therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although bivalirudin significantly lowers major bleeding compared with Heparin, it shows no clear advantage in mortality or other major clinical outcomes. Substantial heterogeneity across studies indicates variability in patient populations and procedural settings. Further research is needed to define its optimal role in specific PCI subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":14685,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"54 12","pages":"2579-2594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Effectiveness of Preventive Measures in Reducing Intravenous Injection and Catheter-Related Infections: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Huan Zhang, Jiahuan He, Feifei Ke, Miao Li, Wenjia Yao","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20813","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preventative strategies targeted at lowering these injections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive assessment of electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) was carried out to discover relevant papers published from 2013-2024. Inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, and observational research on therapy for intravenous injection and catheter-related infections. The primary outcome examined was the incidence or prevalence of infections caused by intravenous injections. According to preliminary data from 31 studies, preventive interventions dramatically reduce the incidence of intravenous injection and catheter-related infections. Subgroup analyses indicate effectiveness differences depending on intervention type and patient variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Chlorhexidine-based therapies can lower infection risk by 29% (Risk Ratio: 0.71), but taurolidine provides a statistically significant 53% benefit (RR = 0.47). The total risk ratio varies from 0.71 to 0.84, indicating a 29% reduction in infection rates in nations having Needlestick Safety and Prevention Acts. In contrast, the absence of such regulation may result in a 6% to 8% rise in infection rates (RR = 0.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preventative interventions, notably chlorhexidine and taurolidine, can considerably reduce the risk of intravenous injection and catheter-related infections. Chlorhexidine may lower the risk of infection by 29%, whereas taurolidine reduces it by 53%. Nations with Needlestick Safety and Prevention Acts may expect a one-third reduction in infection rates. Conversely, the absence of such laws may result in a significant rise in infection rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":14685,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"54 12","pages":"2595-2607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Health and Safety Under Threat: Lessons from Recent Conflict and the Imperative for Future Preparedness.","authors":"Edris Soltani, Payam Rashnoudi, Omran Ahmadi","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20849","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20849","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14685,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"54 12","pages":"2775-2777"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13430115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the Prevalence of Parasitic Infections in Migrant Workers in The Middle East: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Seyedeh Maryam Taheri, Hanieh Makipour, Saeed Bahadory, Ehsan Javanmard, Samaneh Dehbanipour, Ali Taghipur, Gholamreza Hassanpour, Elham Kazemirad","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20814","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parasitic diseases, including food-borne and vector-borne infections, remain a significant burden, especially with the increased migration from underdeveloped to developed regions. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of parasitic infections among migrant workers in the Middle East.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA protocol. A search was conducted across major databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar) for studies on parasitic infections among migrant workers in the Middle East from April 1, 1993, to November 15, 2024. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (CMA), and 25 studies were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of parasitic infections in this study was estimated at 16.5%. (95% CI 2.7 to 58.5%). The prevalence based on microscopic diagnostic methods was 19.4% (95% CI 13.5% to 27.5%), and molecular diagnosis was 15.2% (95% CI 6.4% to 32.4%). The <i>P-</i>value in Egger's test was 0.5343, indicating no statistically significant evidence of publication bias. The pooled prevalence varied across countries: 34.7% in Iraq (n = 1 study), 19.6% in Saudi Arabia (n = 12 studies), 16.8% in the UAE (n = 4 studies), 13.2% in Qatar (n = 7 studies), and 4.2% in Kuwait (n = 1 study).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of parasitic infections among migrant workers in the Middle East was estimated at 16.5%. Given this rate, routine mandatory screening is recommended along with targeted health education to reduce exposure risk and improve health. These findings highlight the public health concern that infected migrant workers may contribute to the spread of parasitic diseases in destination countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":14685,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"54 12","pages":"2608-2622"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Abdominal Muscle and Subcutaneous Fat Thickness and Core Stability between Normal Weight Non-Obesity, Normal Weight Obesity, and Obesity Groups in Young Korean Women.","authors":"Nam-Gi Lee, Sam-Ho Park","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20819","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We compared abdominal muscle and subcutaneous fat thicknesses, and core stability among young Korean women with normal weight non-obesity (NWNO), normal weight obesity (NWO), and obesity (OB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between May and September 2024, fifty-seven female university students from K University in Gwangju, Republic of Korea, were classified into three groups (NWNO: n = 15, NWO: n = 20, and OB: n = 22) based on body mass index and body fat percentage. The thicknesses of the abdominal muscles, including the transverse abdominis (TrA), internal abdominal oblique (IO), and external abdominal oblique (EO) muscles, and of the subcutaneous fat were measured using real-time ultrasound imaging. Core stability was assessed using trunk extensor, trunk flexor, and side-bridge endurance tests. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a significance level of 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed in the thicknesses of the TrA (<i>P</i> = 0.002), EO (<i>P</i> = 0.001), and subcutaneous fat (<i>P</i> < 0.05) between groups. The OB group had the greatest TrA and subcutaneous fat thicknesses. The side-bridge endurance test revealed a significant difference in core stability (<i>P</i> = 0.002), with the OB group demonstrating the lowest core stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the OB group had the largest muscle thickness, it demonstrated lower core stability than the NWNO group. These results suggest that obesity might impair neuromuscular activation and muscle fiber recruitment, leading to functional limitations despite increased muscle mass. These findings emphasize the importance of preventing and managing normal-weight obesity in women in their 20s.</p>","PeriodicalId":14685,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"54 12","pages":"2670-2679"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Neck Stretching Exercises in Mitigating Neck Pain and Self-Reported Disability Post-Thyroidectomy: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Rong Li, Shuiying Chen, Xuejing Yue, Peiliang Lin, Haiyan Lin, Duo Tao","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20809","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijph.v54i12.20809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to forecast the efficacy of neck stretching exercises in mitigating self-reported disability post-thyroidectomy and neck pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Until Feb 2025, an inclusive literature study was accomplished, and 654 related studies were reviewed. The 5 nominated studies encompassed 654 patients with thyroidectomy at the beginning of the study and were selected for the meta-analysis. The mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to examine the outcome of the neck stretching exercises compared to control on thyroidectomy using continuous methods with either a fixed or random model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In cases with thyroidectomy, neck stretching exercises had significantly lower mean neck pain score after 1 week (<i>P</i>=0.001), mean neck pain score after 1 month (<i>P</i>=0.01), mean self-reported neck disability score after 1 month (<i>P</i><0. 001) compared to control treatment. Nonetheless, no significant difference was detected between neck stretching exercises and control treatment in mean self-reported neck disability score after 1 week (<i>P</i>=0.06) in patients with thyroidectomy. In patients with thyroidectomy, neck stretching exercises had significantly lower mean neck pain score after 1 week, and after 1 month, and mean self-reported neck disability score after 1 month, however, no significant difference was found in mean self-reported neck disability score after 1 week compared to control treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More research is necessary to confirm this discovery, and care must be used while interacting with its values since many comparisons had a low number of included articles and a small sample size of most of the selected studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14685,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"54 12","pages":"2548-2556"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}