JAMA Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Neonatal Medical Male Circumcision and Child Autism Diagnosis.","authors":"Monica McGrath, Xiuhong Li, Lisa P Jacobson, Bennett Leventhal, Judy L Aschner, Brennan Baker, Karla Cardoso Garcia, Aisha S Dickerson, Amy J Elliott, Jody Ganiban, Amanda Goodrich, Daniel B Horton, Melinda Jarnecke, Sarah Keim, Brian K Lee, Courtney D Lynch, Mark Klebanoff, Abdul-Manaf Mutaru, Ruby H N Nguyen, Rebecca J Schmidt, Hyeong-Moo Shin, Lauren C Shuffrey, Jonathan L Slaughter, Annemarie Stroustrup, Zhaozhong Zhu, Aaron A R Tobian, M Kate Grabowski","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.3239","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.3239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Public concern and speculation have emerged around a possible link between neonatal male circumcision (NMC) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Evidence is limited and inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine associations between NMC and child ASD and autism-related traits and behaviors.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This prospective cohort study was conducted among cohort sites participating in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort between February 2003 and September 2025. Statistical analyses were conducted from November 2025 to February 2026. The analysis included male, singleton children with data on NMC status and child ASD.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>NMC status within 28 days of birth at a medical facility.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>ASD diagnosis was based on parent report of diagnosis by a medical professional or documentation of criterion standard clinical assessments. Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2) T-scores assessed the presence and distribution of autism traits, and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) Autism Spectrum Problems subscale T-scores from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) 1.5/5 assessed the occurrence of child autism-related behaviors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample included 2771 male children from 14 ECHO sites, of whom 1840 (66%) were circumcised before hospital discharge, and 192 (7%) had an autism diagnosis. Among 1840 circumcised males, 108 (6%) had autism, compared with 84 of 931 uncircumcised males (9%). Mean (SD) age at autism diagnosis was 3.8 (2.2) years. Among circumcised males, 31 (4%) were administered acetaminophen during the procedure, and 128 (7%) within the 30 days after birth. After adjusting for confounders, there was no association between NMC and ASD diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 0.83; 95% CI, 0.59-1.17). After stratification by region, preterm birth, and neonatal intensive care unit admission, an inverse or no association was observed between NMC and ASD diagnosis. Adjusted analyses showed no associations between NMC and SRS-2 continuous (β = -0.62; 95% CI, -1.46 to 0.22) or binary (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.48-1.15) T-scores. Similarly, no associations were observed between NMC and CBCL 1.5/5 continuous (β = 0.01; 95% CI, -0.54 to 0.56) or binary (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.75-2.26) T-scores. Overall, inverse or no associations were observed across all strata for SRS-2 and CBCL 1.5/5 outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This cohort study yielded no evidence that NMC was associated with ASD risk, whether assessed by parent report of medical professional diagnosis or validated instruments measuring autism-related traits and behavior. These findings may provide reassurance for families who are considering or have elected NMC for their child.</p>","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"1105-1115"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13434970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"US State Laws and Policies Regulating Cellphone Use in K-12 Public Schools.","authors":"Y Tony Yang, Timothy F Leslie, Paul L Delamater","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2844","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2844","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"1155-1157"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148591555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Error in End Matter.","authors":"","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.3952","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.3952","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"1172"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13482626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communicative Risk Compensation in Adolescent HIV Prevention-Reply.","authors":"Rahim Z Miller, Sybil Hosek, Maria Trent","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.3261","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.3261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"1166-1167"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Further Considerations on Autism Diagnosis-Reply.","authors":"Eric Fombonne, Lester Liao","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.3405","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.3405","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"1170-1171"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Screening Strategies.","authors":"Elizabeth R Wolf, Colin J Orr, Alex R Kemper","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2869","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2869","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"1157-1159"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13434967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital Reporting Practices and Quality of Newborn Race and Ethnicity Data.","authors":"Leela Sarathy, Ellen K Kerns, Makayla E Schissel, Katherine M Satrom, Pearl W Chang, Sloane Magee, Russell J McCulloh","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2874","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2874","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"1159-1161"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13434965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screen Use and Child and Adolescent Development and Mental Health Outcomes: A Quantitative Umbrella Review.","authors":"Elizabeth Al-Jbouri, Marissa D Nivison, Ross D Neville, Abby Marsh, Brae Anne McArthur, Dimitri A Christakis, Pasco Fearon, Sheri Madigan","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.4339","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.4339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Given the ubiquity of screens in children's lives and public concerns about potential effects on development and mental health, a consolidated, up-to-date synthesis of empirical evidence linking screen exposure with development and mental health outcomes is needed to inform stakeholders and policymakers.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To synthesize and quantify meta-analytic associations between screen-based media exposure and developmental outcomes among individuals aged 18 years or younger using an umbrella review methodology.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases were systematically searched from inception to November 25, 2025.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Meta-analyses of population-based samples of children aged 18 years or younger that were published in English were included.</p><p><strong>Data extraction and synthesis: </strong>Data from 23 meta-analyses were extracted and synthesized. This umbrella review adhered to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Relevant data from each eligible meta-analysis were extracted by 2 independent reviewers at the meta-analytic level and the primary study level, with effect sizes converted to Pearson r for reanalysis.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The primary outcomes were academic functioning, cognitive skills, socioemotional development, and mental health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 23 meta-analyses, representing 2 817 252 children from 64 countries, were extracted and synthesized. Screen-based media exposure was associated with lower academic achievement (r = -0.15; 95% CI, -0.23 to -0.07) and language skills (r = -0.14; 95% CI, -0.18 to -0.10) and with higher internalizing behavior (general screen use: r = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.07-0.13; social media use: r = 0.09; 95% CI, 0.06-0.12) and externalizing behavior (r = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.08-0.14), emotional problems (r = 0.30; 95% CI, 0.08-0.50), and peer problems (r = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.04-0.49). Screen-based media exposure was not associated with executive functioning (r = 0.01; 95% CI, -0.09 to 0.11), prosociality (r = -0.22; 95% CI, -0.43 to 0.01), or mathematics (r = -0.10; 95% CI, -0.23 to 0.03), science (r = -0.03; 95% CI, -0.15 to 0.11), or reading (r = -0.02; 95% CI, -0.12 to 0.09) scores. Screen type, subtype of behavior problems, publication year, and age moderated some of these associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This umbrella review identified associations between screen use and several domains of children's developmental health outcomes in population-based studies. These findings can inform the development and refinement of evidence-informed guidelines and policies on children's screen-based media use issued by medical and governmental organizations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13621309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149074689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, and the Case for a Savings Clause.","authors":"Binx Y Lin, Jay Y Taimish, Megan O'Brien","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.4257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.4257","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149074612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Opportunities to Reduce Risky Firearm Behaviors-A Novel Construct and Promising Interventions.","authors":"Eric J Sigel, Alison J Culyba","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.4461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.4461","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149074683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}