JAMA Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Sudden Unexpected Infant Death and Disparities in Infant Mortality in the US, 1999-2022.","authors":"Elizabeth R Wolf, Frederick P Rivara, Anabeel Sen, Steven H Woolf","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6200","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"344-346"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoride Exposure and Children's IQ Scores: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Kyla W Taylor, Sorina E Eftim, Christopher A Sibrizzi, Robyn B Blain, Kristen Magnuson, Pamela A Hartman, Andrew A Rooney, John R Bucher","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.5542","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.5542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Previous meta-analyses suggest that fluoride exposure is adversely associated with children's IQ scores. An individual's total fluoride exposure comes primarily from fluoride in drinking water, food, and beverages.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies investigating children's IQ scores and prenatal or postnatal fluoride exposure.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>BIOSIS, Embase, PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang, searched through October 2023.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Studies reporting children's IQ scores, fluoride exposure, and effect sizes.</p><p><strong>Data extraction and synthesis: </strong>Data were extracted into the Health Assessment Workplace Collaborative system. Study quality was evaluated using the OHAT risk-of-bias tool. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and regression coefficients were estimated with random-effects models.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Children's IQ scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 74 studies included (64 cross-sectional and 10 cohort studies), most were conducted in China (n = 45); other locations included Canada (n = 3), Denmark (n = 1), India (n = 12), Iran (n = 4), Mexico (n = 4), New Zealand (n = 1), Pakistan (n = 2), Spain (n = 1), and Taiwan (n = 1). Fifty-two studies were rated high risk of bias and 22 were rated low risk of bias. Sixty-four studies reported inverse associations between fluoride exposure measures and children's IQ. Analysis of 59 studies with group-level measures of fluoride in drinking water, dental fluorosis, or other measures of fluoride exposure (47 high risk of bias, 12 low risk of bias; n = 20 932 children) showed an inverse association between fluoride exposure and IQ (pooled SMD, -0.45; 95% CI, -0.57 to -0.33; P < .001). In 31 studies reporting fluoride measured in drinking water, a dose-response association was found between exposed and reference groups (SMD, -0.15; 95% CI, -0.20 to -0.11; P < .001), and associations remained inverse when exposed groups were restricted to less than 4 mg/L and less than 2 mg/L; however, the association was null at less than 1.5 mg/L. In analyses restricted to low risk-of-bias studies, the association remained inverse when exposure was restricted to less than 4 mg/L, less than 2 mg/L, and less than 1.5 mg/L fluoride in drinking water. In 20 studies reporting fluoride measured in urine, there was an inverse dose-response association (SMD, -0.15; 95% CI, -0.23 to -0.07; P < .001). Associations remained inverse when exposed groups were restricted to less than 4 mg/L, less than 2 mg/L, and less than 1.5 mg/L fluoride in urine; the associations held in analyses restricted to the low risk-of-bias studies. Analysis of 13 studies with individual-level measures found an IQ score decrease of 1.63 points (95% CI, -2.33 to -0.93; P < .001) per 1-mg/L increase in urinary fluor","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"282-292"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting Low-Income Families' Access to Summer Health Programs.","authors":"Alishah Ahmadi, Rahim Hirani, Mill Etienne","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6557","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6557","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"355"},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplemental Security Income for Low-Birth-Weight Infants-Addressing Gaps in Coverage.","authors":"Erika Gabriela Cordova-Ramos, Emily Miller, Susanne Klawetter","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Receipt of Federal Income Support by Eligible Low-Birth-Weight Infants","authors":"Muqi Guo, Michelle Woodford Martin, Nolan M. Kavanagh, Jarvis T. Chen, Jeffrey Hemmeter, Ichiro Kawachi, Margaret Parker, Margaret McConnell","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6262","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceWhile many infants with low birth weight (LBW) are eligible for Supplemental Security Income (SSI), more evidence is needed about whether they receive benefits and whether income supports reach infants from the most socioeconomically disadvantaged households.ObjectiveTo assess receipt of SSI among LBW-eligible infants (infants eligible due to LBW) and targeting of SSI to LBW and income-eligible infants across county-level measures of socioeconomic disadvantage.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used administrative data from the SSI program, vital records, and the American Community Survey. It included a population-based sample of 185 920 LBW infants born between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2018, from 482 US counties, with 2003 revised birth certificates, Social Security Administration–defined LBW, and survival of more than 31 days, and born in a county-year with at least 20 LBW infants surviving their first month of life. Analyses were conducted from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023.ExposuresThree measures of county-level socioeconomic disadvantage: poverty rates, median household income, and completion of postsecondary degrees.Main Outcomes and MeasuresReceipt of SSI among (1) infants who qualified due to LBW and (2) LBW- and likely income-eligible infants. In addition, whether receipt varied by county-level measures of socioeconomic disadvantage was evaluated using Poisson regression models.ResultsA total of 185 920 LBW-eligible infants were included in the study. During the study period, the proportion of LBW-eligible infants who received SSI was 0.38 (95% CI, 0.36-0.40). SSI receipt was higher in more disadvantaged counties measured by county poverty rates or median household income. After adjusting income eligibility, the proportion receiving SSI reached 0.65 (95% CI, 0.49-0.86). However, SSI receipt among LBW- and likely income-eligible infants decreased as the level of county socioeconomic disadvantage increased.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, most LBW infants who were eligible for SSI did not receive benefits. Likely income-eligible infants living in socioeconomically disadvantaged counties were covered by SSI at lower levels than those in more advantaged counties. More intensive outreach or reduced application burden may be necessary to ensure equitable access to social safety net programs in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities.","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental and Somatic Conditions in Children With the Broad Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Phenotype","authors":"Marie-Louis Wronski, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Elin Hedlund, Miriam I. Martini, Paul Lichtenstein, Sebastian Lundström, Henrik Larsson, Mark J. Taylor, Nadia Micali, Cynthia M. Bulik, Lisa Dinkler","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6065","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceAvoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a feeding and eating disorder characterized by limited variety and/or quantity of food intake impacting physical health and psychosocial functioning. Children with ARFID often present with diverse psychiatric and somatic symptoms and therefore consult various pediatric subspecialties. Large-scale studies mapping coexisting conditions are, however, lacking.ObjectiveTo characterize the health care needs of youth with ARFID.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS), in combination with inpatient and specialized outpatient clinical diagnoses from the Swedish National Patient Register. Data were collected from July 2004 to April 2020, and data were analyzed from September 2022 to February 2024.ExposureUsing a composite measure derived from parent or guardian reports and register data, children with the broad ARFID phenotype occurring between the ages of 6 to 12 years were identified, as well as children without ARFID.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFrom more than 1000 diagnostic <jats:italic>International Classification of Diseases </jats:italic>(<jats:italic>ICD</jats:italic>) codes, mental and somatic conditions within or across <jats:italic>ICD</jats:italic> chapters, the number of distinct per-person diagnoses, and inpatient treatment days between participants’ birth and 18th birthdays were specified (90 outcomes). Hazard ratios (HRs) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated.ResultsOf 30 795 CATSS participants, a total of 616 children (2.0%) with the broad ARFID phenotype occurring between the ages of 6 to 12 years were identified, and 30 179 children without ARFID were identified. Of 616 children with ARFID, 241 children were female (39.1%). Relative risks of neurodevelopmental, gastrointestinal, endocrine or metabolic, respiratory, neurological, and allergic disorders were substantially increased in children with ARFID (eg, autism: HR, 9.7; 95% CI, 7.5-12.5; intellectual disability: HR, 10.3; 95% CI, 7.6-13.9; gastroesophageal reflux disease: HR, 6.7; 95% CI, 4.6-9.9; pituitary conditions: HR, 5.6; 95% CI, 2.7-11.3; chronic lower respiratory diseases: HR, 4.9; 95% CI, 2.4-10.1; and epilepsy: HR, 5.8; 95% CI, 4.1-8.2). ARFID was not associated with elevated risks of autoimmune illnesses and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Children with ARFID had significantly more distinct mental diagnoses (IRR, 4.7; 95% CI, 4.0-5.4) and longer hospital stays (IRR, 5.5; 95% CI, 1.7-17.6) compared with children without ARFID. Children with ARFID were diagnosed with a mental condition earlier than children without ARFID. No sex-specific differences emerged.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study yields the broadest and most detailed evidence of coexisting mental and somatic conditions in the largest sample of children with ARFID to date. Findings suggest a complex pattern of health needs in youth with ARFID, underscoring the critica","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Downward Neighborhood Income Mobility and Ensuing Severe Neonatal Morbidity","authors":"Jennifer A. Jairam, Eyal Cohen, Christina Diong, Howard Berger, Hilary K. Brown, Jun Guan, Joel G. Ray","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6667","url":null,"abstract":"This population-based cohort study examines changes in mothers’ neighborhood income between 2 consecutive births and associated morbidity/mortality outcomes in their newborns.","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Vaginal Seeding Improve Health Outcomes of Infants Born by Cesarean Delivery?","authors":"Suchitra K. Hourigan, Noel T. Mueller, Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6893","url":null,"abstract":"This Viewpoint discusses microbiome restoration by vaginal seeding in infants born by cesarean delivery and the potential of vaginal seeding to mitigate diseases associated with cesarean birth.","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Patient Navigation During Transition to Adult Care","authors":"Susan Samuel, Zoya Punjwani, Daniella San Martin-Feeney, Brooke Allemang, Gregory M.T. Guilcher, Eddy Lang, Danièle Pacaud, Jorge Pinzon, Gail Andrew, Lonnie Zwaigenbaum, Curtis Perrott, John Andersen, Lorraine Hamiwka, Alberto Nettel-Aguirre, Scott Klarenbach, Kerry McBrien, Shannon D. Scott, Megan Patton, Sophie Samborn, Ken Pfister, Laurel Ryan, Gina Dimitropoulos, Andrew S. Mackie","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6192","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceTransition to adult care is a challenging and complex process for youth and emerging adults with chronic health and/or mental health conditions. Patient navigation has been proposed to improve care during transition, but previous studies have used single disease cohorts with a nonrandomized design.ObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of a patient navigator service to reduce emergency department (ED) use among adolescents and emerging adults with chronic health and/or mental health conditions undergoing transition to adult-oriented health care.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a pragmatic, parallel-group, nonblinded randomized clinical trial design. Patients were followed up for a minimum 12 months and maximum 24 months after enrollment. The setting was the Canadian province of Alberta, with a population of 4.3 million inhabitants, having 3 tertiary care pediatric hospitals serving the entire population with universal health coverage. Participants included youth aged 16 to 21 years, followed up within a diverse array of chronic care clinics, expected to be transferred to adult care within 12 months, residing in Alberta, Canada.InterventionsA 1:1 allocation to either access to a personalized navigator, an experienced social worker within the health services environment, or usual care, for up to 24 months after randomization.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAll-cause ED visit rate while under observation.ResultsA total of 335 participants were randomized over a period of 45 months, 164 (49.0%) to the intervention arm and 171 (51.0%) to usual care. After 1 patient withdrew, 334 participants (usual care: mean [SD] age, 17.8 [0.7] years; 99 female [57.9%]; intervention: mean [SD] age, 17.7 [0.6] years; 81 male [49.7%]) were included in the final data analysis. Among the participants, 131 (39.2%) resided in a rural location, and 126 (37.7%) had a self-reported mental health comorbidity during baseline assessment. We observed significant effect modification in the relationship between intervention and ED visits based on mental health comorbidity. Among those with a self-reported mental health condition, ED visit rates were lower in those with access to the navigator, but the association was not significant (adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.75; 95% CI, 0.47-1.19). Among those with no mental health comorbidity, the corresponding adjusted IRR was 1.45 (95% CI, 0.95-2.20).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial, the navigator intervention was not associated with a significant reduction in ED visits among youth with chronic health conditions transitioning to adult care. The study did not accrue sufficient sample size to demonstrate a significant difference between groups should it exist.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03342495\">NCT03342495</jats:ext-link>","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostication and Biomarker Potential of C26:0 Lysophosphatidylcholine in Adrenoleukodystrophy","authors":"Charles J. Billington, Arpana Rayannavar, Rebecca Tryon, Tory Kaye, Ashish Gupta, Troy C. Lund, Aida Lteif, Katherine L. Adriatico, Paul J. Orchard, Bradley S. Miller, Nishitha R. Pillai","doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6774","url":null,"abstract":"This cohort study conducted among Minnesota children diagnosed with adrenoleukodystrophy through newborn screening examines correlation of C26:0 lysophosphatidylcholine (C26LPC) with clinical phenotype over 5 years and recommends adjusting early childhood surveillance regimens in children with lower C26LPC levels.","PeriodicalId":14683,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Pediatrics","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}