Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"院内製剤「抱水クロラールシロップ」に関する検討","authors":"雅登 田口, 孝博 堀内, 泰彦 三村, 足立 伊佐雄","doi":"10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.546","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the stability of “Chloral Hydrate Syrup” by 1H-NMR spectrometry and spectrophotometry.“Choloral Hydrate Syrup” is composed of 4%(w/v) chloral hydrate, 50%(w/v) simple syrup and 2%(w/v) pineapple flavor. When “Chloral Hydrate Syrup” was kept in the dark and cold conditions, chloral hydrate was found to be stable for at least 2 weeks. No changes in the smell and taste of “Chloral Hydrate Syrup” were observed. However, the color was fugitive, and 80% of original color was lost within a week even in the dark and cold conditions.The Pharmacological effects of “Chloral Hydrate Syrup” given for 25 infant patients, who had been hospitalized in Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital between September and November 1997, were evaluated clinically. “Chloral Hydrate Syrup” showed a certain, hypnotic effect in 24 out of 25 patients. These results suggest that “Chloral Hydrate Syrup” is useful as a hospital hypnotic preparation.","PeriodicalId":14621,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"61 1","pages":"546-551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86010815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetical Comparison of Anticancer Drugs in Cerebrospinal Fluid during Cerebrospinal Fluid Perfusion and Injection Chemotherapy","authors":"N. Morikawa, Teruaki Mori, M. Fujiki, T. Abe, H. Kawashima, M. Takeyama, S. Hori","doi":"10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.376","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined the pharmacokinetics of anticancer drugs in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during CSF perfusion or injection chemotherapy. A 69-year-old Japanese woman with disseminated glioblastoma received one course of both ventricular-lumbar (V-L) and lumbarventricular (L-V) CSF perfusion chemotherapy, and one course of both ventricular and lumbar injection chemotherapy with methotrexate (MTX), cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), and nimustine (ACNU). Samples of CSF from the ventricles and lumbar spinal canal were obtained via the Ommaya reservoirs. The drug concentrations in the CSF were measured by either fluorescence polarization immunoassay or high performance liquid chromatography. In the V-L CSF perfusion chemotherapy, the maximum CSF concentrations of the three drugs in the lumbar spinal canal were lower than those in the ventricles. However, the concentrations of MTX and Ara-C in the lumbar spinal canal exceeded those in the ventricles 3 hours after the perfusion. The area under the CSF concentration versus the time curves (AUC) of MTX and Ara-C in the lumbar spinal canal were 175.7 and 76.2%, respectively, of those in the ventricles. In the L-V CSF perfusion chemotherapy, the CSF concentrations of the three drugs in the lumbar spinal canal were higher than those in the ventricle. The AUCs of MTX and Ara-C in the ventricles were 15.5 and 18.4 %, respectively, of those in the lumbar spinal canal. In the ventricular CSF injection, the initial CSF concentrations of the three drugs in the ventricles were higher than those in the lumbar spinal canal. However, the CSF concentrations of MTX and Ara-C in the lumbar spinal canal exceeded those in the ventricles 12 hours after the injection. Although the concentration of ACNU in the ventricles was only detectable at 3 hours after the injection, no concentration in the lumbar spinal canal was detectable. The AUCs of MTX and Ara-C in the lumbar spinal canal were 84.6 and 29.1%, respectively, of those in the ventricles. In the lumbar CSF injection, the CSF concentrations of MTX and Ara-C in the ventricles were detectable but lower than those in the lumbar. Although the CSF concentration of ACNU in the lumbar spinal canal was only detectable at 3 hours after the injection, no concentration in the ventricles was detectable. The AUC of MTX in the ventricles was 0.31% of that in the lumbar spinal canal. These results indicate that CSF perfusion chemotherapy may thus be a more useful treatment than CSF injection chemotherapy to patients with disseminated brain tumors.","PeriodicalId":14621,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"28 1","pages":"376-384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86735646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of an Automatic Device to Prepare Fibronectin Eyedrops Using a Patient's Own Plasma.","authors":"H. Yoshida, Kaori Tsubone, R. Yamashita, Yasuaki Ohtsubo, T. Ishimitsu, A. Kamiya","doi":"10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.361","url":null,"abstract":"Fibronectin (FN) has been reported to be effective for the treatment of corneal trophic ulcers, but the FN eyedrop preparation is not a simple technique. We previously developed an automatic device to prepare FN eyedrops using a patient's own plasma (Yoshida et al. Jpn. J. Hosp. Pharm., 24, 493-498 (1998)). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of this automatic device. FN eyedrops were prepared using plasma from healthy individuals either with an automatic device or a manual process using gelatin-coupled Sepharose 4 B (GS 4 B) and Sephadex G-25 (PD-10), The average FN concentration and the recovery rate in the eyedrops","PeriodicalId":14621,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"1 1","pages":"361-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87707907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzyme Immunoassay of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-like Immunoreactive Substance in Human Plasma","authors":"T. Nagano, H. Itoh, F. Soeda, M. Takeyama","doi":"10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.257","url":null,"abstract":"A sensitive and specific double-antibody enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for adrenocorticotropic hormone-like immunoreactive substances (ACTH-ISs) was developed. In competitive reactions, the ACTH (1-24)-antibody was incubated with both ACTH (1-24) standard (or sample) and 13-D-galactosidase labeled synthetic human ACTH (1-24) (delayed addition). The free and antibodybound enzyme haptens were separated by using an anti-rabbit IgG coated immunoplate. The activity of the enzyme on the plate was fluorometrically determined. The present immunoassay allows for the detection of 2 to 600 fmol/mL of ACTH (1-24). Using the proposed EIA, ACTH (1-24)-ISs in human plasma were thus determined. As a result, the levels of ACTH (1-24)-ISs in human plasma were found to be about 3.7 fmol/mL.","PeriodicalId":14621,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"21 1","pages":"257-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91551084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Theophylline Ointment with Rapid and High Transdermal Delivery","authors":"J. Kizu, M. Yazawa, N. Yasuno, M. Tsuchiya, Y. Arakawa","doi":"10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.239","url":null,"abstract":"A transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) for the delivery of theophylline would be useful for treating bronchial asthma, especially in the case of asthma attacks in outpatients. We prepared several new types of theophylline and aminophylline ointments using transdermal absorption enhancers and measured the in vivo transdermal absorption efficiency of theophylline in rats. Among the ointments tested, a washable ointment of theophylline with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as a solvent and isopropyl myristate as an absorption enhancer showed the best results. The highest absorption was obtained with a concentration of 2% theophylline and 57% isopropyl myristate. The ointment was quite stable for at least 56 days at room temperature. An aminophylline ointment prepared in the same way showed less absorption and the change in appearance started after 1 week at room temperature. The serum levels of theophylline in the rats applied with the new theophylline ointment reached 10μg/mL after 2 h and a maximum level of 20μg/mL after 6 h. There was no apparent time lag in the absorption. These results suggest that a transdermal therapeutic system for the delivery of theophylline can be useful, even in the case of asthma attack.","PeriodicalId":14621,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"103 1","pages":"239-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77517877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Susceptibility to Antiseptics of Clinical Isolates of Enterococcus species and Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"M. Sasatsu, H. Kazama, H. Hamashima, T. Arai","doi":"10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.149","url":null,"abstract":"The susceptibility to antiseptics and intercalating dyes was determinedfor 103 clinical isolates of Enterococcus species, 42 isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 49 isolates of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Twelve antiseptic-resistant strains were detected among the isolates of MRSA but none were found among the isolates of MSSA and. Enterococcus. Two and ten of the antiseptic-resistant strains of MRSA were resistant to triclosan and ethidium bromide, respectively. The tested strains of MSSA were more sensitive to antiseptics and intercalating dyes than were the strains of MRSA and Enterococcus. The susceptibility to antiseptics and intercalatng dyes of Enterococcus spp. was similiar to that of MRSA. These results suggest that the Enterococcus spp. might therefore survive in a manner similar to that of MRSA under normal hospital conditions.","PeriodicalId":14621,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"54 1","pages":"149-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89820976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzyme Immunoassay for Secretin-like Immunoreactive Substance in Human Plasma","authors":"Iroki Itoh, T. Nagano, Tetsuji Hayashi, M. Takeyama","doi":"10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.162","url":null,"abstract":"A sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for a secretin-like immunoreactive substance (secretin-IS) was developed using a synthetic carboxy-terminal (C-terminal) fragment (residue 5-27) of a porcine secretin conjugated with β-D-galactosidase and an anti-rabbit lgG coated immunoplate. The activity of the enzyme on the plate was fluorometrically determined. The present immunoassay allows the detection of 1.7 to 67 fmol/ml (0.068 to 2.7 fmol/well) of secretin. Using the present EIA, the secretin-ISs in human plasma were determined.Moreover, significant changes in the plasma secretin-IS levels were found after the oral administration of famotidine (vs.placebo).","PeriodicalId":14621,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"59 1","pages":"162-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88689734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance and Medication Knowledge among Elderly Home-Care Recipients: The Effect of Written Drug Information.","authors":"J. Okuno, H. Yanagi, S. Hara, M. Oka, C. Hirano, T. Hiratsuka, Ryoko Asai, Youko Hatori, Y. Hasegawa, Tomomi Yagi, S. Tomura, S. Tsuchiya","doi":"10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.274","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14621,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"5 1","pages":"274-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84281847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Dividing Properties of Novel Film-Coated Scored Tablets.","authors":"A. Ito, K. Fukumuro, Shigemitsu Miura, E. Hayakawa","doi":"10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.231","url":null,"abstract":"The usefulness and uniformity of division for three types of tablets (U19D9, U8D9 and U2D9) were investigated to design a novel film-coated scored tablet, which can be divided by pressure regardless of the side with the score and the presence of packaging, were evaluated by pharmacists, volunteers and elderly patients. The results obtained are as follows:1. Though the usefulness of division, which deteriorated with the presence of packaging, was affected by the dividing method, the overall evaluations of U19D9 and U8D9 were superior to that of U2D9.2. U19D9 showed a uniform division regardless of the subject, dividing method and presence of packaging when dividing one tablet. when dividing of one packaged sheet (10 tablets), the coefficient of variation of the divided tablet weight for U19D9 and U8D9 was smaller than that for U2D9.3. From the above results, U19D9 was found to be a film-coated scored tablet that was easy to divide and also demonstrated a greater uniformity of division.","PeriodicalId":14621,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"85 1 1","pages":"231-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86464811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Initial Dosage Setting of Vancomycin Injection.","authors":"Y. Maeda, T. Konishi, Shinji Saionji, Sachiyo Funakoshi, Mamoru Nakamura, Wakako Nii, Fumiko Masaki, S. Tsukiai","doi":"10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5649/JJPHCS1975.25.517","url":null,"abstract":"To elucidate the current status of the dosage regimen of vancomycin, we reviewed its therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) data obtained from 99 patients undergoing vancomycin treatment at the Chugoku Rousai Hospital. The plasma concentrations of vancomycin at one dosage under 750 mg deviated from its therapeutic ranges (the level at one hour after the end of infusion: 25-40μg/mL, trough level:≤10 μg/mL). Therefore, the dosing interval at a uniform dosage of 1000 mg was calculated from a vancomycin nomogram reported by Moellering et al., and the utility of the dosing interval at the uniform dosage of 1000 mg combined with a creatinine clearance nomogram reported by Nielsen et al. was examined. As a result, the plasma levels of 66 percent of the subjects were controlled within the accepted therapeutic ranges in the early stage. Accordingly, the nomogram of vancomycin prepared as an indication in the early stage in our hospital was thus concluded to be clinically acceptable.","PeriodicalId":14621,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"73 1","pages":"517-524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90526858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}