Iranian journal of kidney diseases最新文献

{"title":"Machine Learning-Based Prediction of 30-Day Hospital Readmission in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Houshang Sanadgol, Sedigheh Barati, Nasibeh Rady Raz","doi":"10.61882/ijkd.20.02.9522","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ijkd.20.02.9522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is associated with high 30-day hospital readmission rates due to progressive renal dysfunction, multiple comorbidities, and complications related to dialysis and catheter use. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) offer promising tools for early identification of high-risk patients. To develop and evaluate ML models for predicting 30-day hospital readmission among CKD patients and identify key clinical and laboratory predictors related to readmission risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 277 hospitalized patients with CKD at Hasheminejad Kidney Center (2019-2022). Forty-four demographic, clinical, and laboratory features were included. Preprocessing included handling missing data, normalization, outlier removal, categorical encoding, and oversampling. Six ML models, including eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Random Forest, Decision Tree, AdaBoost, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and Logistic Regression, were trained using a 70/30 train-test split with cross-validation. Feature selection employed SHAP values, mutual information, F-values, SVM, and chi-squared tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>XGBoost outperformed other models (accuracy > 90%). The strongest predictors were estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, age, presence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, catheter-related infection, and triglycerides, intact Parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and albumin levels. Catheter infection emerged as a modifiable, high-impact predictor. The SHAP values analysis confirmed strong contributions of kidney function markers, inflammatory indicators, and metabolic variables to re-admission risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ML-based prediction models, particularly XGBoost, demonstrated high accuracy in identifying CKD patients at risk of 30-day readmission. Integration of these models into clinical workflows may improve early intervention, reduce hospital readmissions, and support evidence-based nephrology care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14610,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of kidney diseases","volume":"20 2","pages":"69-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Quality of Life and Surgical Outcomes Following Laparoscopic Versus Open Living Donor Nephrectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Saman Farshid, Ali Taghizadeh Afshari, Hamed Bayat","doi":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.9208","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.9208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate and compare quality of  life  and  surgical  outcomes  following  laparoscopic  donor nephrectomy (LDN) versus the standard open donor nephrectomy (ODN) technique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This open-label randomized clinical trial was conductedat  Imam  Khomeini  Hospital,  Urmia,  Iran,  from  2022  to  2023). Ninety-one  kidney  donors  were  randomly  assigned  to  the  ODN (n = 46)  or  LDN  (n = 45)  group.  Outcomes  included  hemoglobin changes,  renal  function,  hospitalization  length,  operation  time, time  to  return  to  normal  activities,  complications,  and  one-year quality of life (SF-36). Data were analyzed using t-tests and Chi-square tests (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The  mean  duration  of  surgery  was  significantly  longer in  the  LDN  group  compared  to  the  ODN  group  (3.13 ± 0.37  vs. 2.30 ± 0.37 hours; P < .001). However, the ODN group experienced a  significantly  greater  reduction  in  hemoglobin  (-1.59 ± 0.78  vs. -1.04 ± 0.94; P = .004)  and  longer  hospitalization  (4.06 ± 0.38  vs. 3.31 ± 0.55  days; P < .001).  Furthermore,  a  significantly  higher proportion  of  LDN  patients  returned  to  normal  activities  within one  month  of  surgery  (84.1%  vs.  54.5%; P = .004).  There  were  no significant  differences  regarding  urinary  output,  complications,or long-term quality of life (P > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although laparoscopic donor nephrectomy requires a longer operative time, it offers superior clinical benefits, including reduced  blood  loss,  shorter  hospital  stays,  and  faster  functional recovery. These findings support the adoption of the laparoscopic approach as the preferred standard of care for living kidney donors to optimize postoperative recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":14610,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of kidney diseases","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Left Atrial Volume Index with Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Echocardiographic Study.","authors":"Abdoulhamid Bagheri, Sepideh Jame Bozorgi, Masoume Hesabi Hesari, Amirhossein Miladpour","doi":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.9308","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.9308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) drives progressive left heart remodeling through volume overload, inflammation, and hemodynamic stress, manifesting as left atrial enlargement and diastolic dysfunction. This cross-sectional study evaluated correlations between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and left heart echocardiographic parameters-including left atrial volume index (LAVi), E/e' ratio, and atrial filling-related parameters-in CKD stages 2-4 to assess their utility as rapid, non-invasive predictors of renal function decline, particularly in emergency settings without laboratory access.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>100 consecutive CKD patients (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m², excluding LVEF < 35%, atrial fibrillation, poor acoustic windows) underwent transthoracic echocardiography (Philips EPIQ CVx) at Modarres Hospital, Tehran (2020-2021). Confirmed left heart parameters included: LAVi (biplane area-length method, indexed to BSA); E/e' ratio (pulsed-wave mitral E-velocity ÷ septal tissue Doppler e'-velocity); atrial filling parameters per ASE guidelines. eGFR calculated via CKD-EPI. Statistical analysis comprised Pearson/Spearman correlations, t-tests/Mann-Whitney U, and ROC curves (SPSS v22, P < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age 61.1 ± 12.7 years (65 males); eGFR 60.76 ± 14.15 mL/min/1.73 m². Strong inverse correlation: eGFR vs LAVi (r = -0.92, P < .001). Moderate inverse correlations: eGFR vs E/e' (r = -0.54, P < .0001). Atrial filling parameters progressively impaired with CKD advancement. LAVi demonstrated excellent discriminatory performance: AUC 0.98 (95% CI 0.97-1.00) for stage 2 vs 3-4; AUC 0.92 (95% CI 0.86-0.97) for stage 3. Optimal cutoffs: ≥ 30 mL/m² (sens 100%, spec 91.4%); ≥ 41 mL/m² (sens 100%, spec 97.9%). Performance robust across LVEF subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LAVi, E/e', and atrial filling parameters exhibit strong, progressive correlations with eGFR decline in CKD, offering excellent bedside discrimination of disease stages independent of laboratory measures. These left heart indices support rapid cardio-renal risk stratification; multicenter longitudinal validation warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":14610,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of kidney diseases","volume":"20 1","pages":"60-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Associations Between Gastrointestinal Diseases and Chronic Kidney Disease: An Integrated Mendelian Randomization and Bioinformatics Analysis.","authors":"Xinming Li, Bo Yang, Huihui Hou, Xin Hong, Ming Yang, Juan Chen, Kai Hu, Mengjin Li, Chenchen Zhou, Liming Zhang, Cheng Xue, Zhiguo Mao","doi":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.9227","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.9227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic  kidney  disease  (CKD)  is  a  progressive condition  with  complex  genetic  and  environmental  influences. This  study  aims  to  investigate  the  genetic  causal  relationships between  gastrointestinal  diseases  and  CKD  using  the  Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach and bioinformatics analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We  analyzed  genetic  associations  between  nineteen gastrointestinal diseases including celiac disease (CeD), inflammatory bowel  disease  (IBD),  intestinal  malabsorption,  and  CKD.  A  two- sample  MR  analysis  was  performed  using  publicly  available Genome-Wide  Association  Studies  (GWAS)  data  with  SingleNucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs). The primary analysis employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, with MR-Egger and weighted median as supplements. To explore potential biological mechanisms, Functional Mapping and Annotation (FUMA) analysis was used to map genes corresponding to IVs, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant genetic causal effects were observed for CeD (OR = 1.021, 95% CI = 1.002-1.041, P = .032), IBD (OR = 1.051, 95% CI = 1.014-1.089, P = .006), and intestinal malabsorption (OR = 1.031, 95% CI = 1.006-1.056, P = .013) on the risk of developing CKD. Other gastrointestinal  diseases  did  not  demonstrate  significant  causal effects  on  CKD.  Reverse  MR  analyses  did  not  reveal  significant causal  effects  of  CKD  on  CeD,  IBD,  or  intestinal  malabsorption, respectively. FUMA analysis identified 93 genes associated with CeD, 143  genes  with  IBD,  and  26  genes  with  intestinal  malabsorption. GO  and  KEGG  enrichment  analyses  highlighted  key  pathways, including  T-cell  receptor  signaling,  cytokine-cytokine  receptor interaction, chromatin regulation, and immune-related pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This  study  provides  genetic  and  bioinformatics evidence  linking  CeD,  IBD,  and  intestinal  malabsorption  to  an increased risk of CKD, highlighting the systemic impact of immune dysregulation and inflammation on kidney health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14610,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of kidney diseases","volume":"20 1","pages":"25-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effect of Garlic on Diazinon Induced Kidney Toxicity in Rat: A Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation.","authors":"Saeed Afzali, Behnaz Alafchi, Elham Shiri, Fereshteh Mehri","doi":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.8158","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.8158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diazinon (DZN) is a widely used pesticide applied in agriculture to eliminate pests, but it can cause adverse effects on various  organs.  This  study  investigated  the  nephrotoxic  changes and oxidative stress induced by diazinon, as well as the potential protective  role  of  garlic  in  ameliorating  kidney  toxicity  in  male Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The animals were treated with diazinon (DZN; 70 mg/ kg/day, orally) with or without garlic extract (500 mg/kg, orally) for four consecutive weeks. Biomarkers including malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase  (SOD),  and  total  thiol  molecules  were  measured  to evaluate oxidative stress. In addition, kidney histopathology was examined using the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>As expected, DZN significantly increased MDA  levels  while  decreased  the  levels  of  CAT,  SOD,  TAC,  and total  thiol  molecules  in  kidney  tissue.  Co-treatment  with  garlic reversed the oxidative stress status. Moreover, garlic ameliorated the kidney histopathological injuries induced by DZN. Our findings suggest that garlic can be considered a safe and effective agent for mitigating DZN-induced nephrotoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14610,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of kidney diseases","volume":"20 1","pages":"46-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Correlation between Metabolic Syndrome and Proteinuria in Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Li Guo, Lei Ran, Jing Li, Jiandong Li, Youlan Gong","doi":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.8999","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.8999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To  assess  the  frequency  of  metabolic  syndrome (MS) and its association with proteinuria in patients with chronickidney disease (CKD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A  cross-sectional  study  was  conducted  among  386 CKD  patients  from  June  2022  to  June  2023.  Prevalence  of  MS was  calculated,  clinical  characteristics  of  CKD  patients  with  and without MS were compared, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate associations between the components of MS with the categories of proteinuria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The  prevalence  of  MS  was  24.9%  among  the  386  CKD patients. Patients with MS had greater 24-h urinary protein excretion and  lower  estimated  glomerular  filtration  rate  (eGFR)  compared to patients without MS (P < .05). The proportion of patients withMS increased across proteinuria strata: mild (< 1.0 g/day) 14.4%, moderate (1.0 to 3.5 g/day) 35.2%, and severe (≥ 3.5 g/day) 49.0% (P < .05). In adjusted models, increased postprandial blood glucose (PBG),  hypertension,  and  the  ratio  of  triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) were independent associations with increased burden of proteinuria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Metabolic  syndrome  was  independently  associated with  increased  proteinuria  burden  in  CKD.  Early  recognition and  treatment  of  metabolic  risk  factors,  especially  dysglycemia, hypertension,  and  dyslipidemia,  may  help  to  promote  renal protection and improve overall patient health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14610,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of kidney diseases","volume":"20 1","pages":"16-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Analysis of Acute Kidney Injury in  Hospitalizations with Covid-19.","authors":"Öznur Sarı, Mehmet Polat","doi":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.8878","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.8878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected the entire world. While the effects on the lungs are more pronounced, the kidneys are also susceptible, and there is a potential risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) among COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of AKI in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This  study  analyzed  the  incidence,  characteristics, and  outcomes  of  AKI  in  hospitalized  patients  with  COVID-19. Medical  records  of  755  COVID-19  patients  with  AKI  and  4647 patients  without  kidney  injury  admitted  between  March  2020 and  July  2022  were  analyzed  at  Karabuk  Training  and  Research Hospital. We recorded patients' demographic information, length of stay, laboratory results, and the necessity for renal replacement therapy. AKI staging was based on initial and peak values of renal parameters such as serum.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated a high incidence of AKI in COVID-19patients, particularly in those requiring intensive care units (ICU), where mortality rates were significantly high. The findings revealed that  patients  with  AKI,  especially  those  requiring  hemodialysis (n = 110,  49.32%),  had  lower  rates  of  recovery  and  discharge (n = 633, 83.84%), and significantly higher mortality rates compared to  those  without  AKI  (P = .032).  The  mortality  rate  in  patients requiring hemodialysis was 33.64%, underscoring the severity of AKI and the high mortality risk associated with cases necessitating hemodialysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The  development  of  AKI  in  COVID-19  patients  is associated with a significant increase in mortality risk, indicating the  need  for  further  detailed  investigations  to  better  understand this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":14610,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of kidney diseases","volume":"20 1","pages":"10-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease Caregivers.","authors":"Tahere Kermany Ranjbar, Hassan Argani, Saeid Kermaniranjbar, Ahmadali Noorbala, Shahnaz Atabak, Behnaz Riazalhosseini, Nzanin Alipoor, Farid Zaiery, Shania Yoonesi","doi":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.9301","DOIUrl":"10.61882/ijkd.20.01.9301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Caregiver roles and responsibilities in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have pervasive effects on the physical, social, and emotional well-being of caregivers, yet these issues are often under-prioritized in medical management. This study assessed depression, anxiety, burden, and quality of life (QOL) in caregivers of CKD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Caregiving burden, quality of life, depression, and anxiety were assessed using the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), SF-36 QOL questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory, respectively, among caregivers of CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD), and kidney transplantation (TX).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study groups consisted of 100, 105, and 62 caregivers among PD, HD, and TX patients, respectively. The mean scores of depression, anxiety, and burden in all caregivers were 13.44 (SD 11.57), 15.77 (SD 12.49), and 13.33 (SD 9.51), respectively. More than 40% of caregivers had depression, while 68.5% reported moderate to severe anxiety. Although anxiety, depression, and burden did not differ significantly across the three groups, the physical function scores of caregivers of PD patients were significantly better than those of the other groups (P = .033). Caregivers with higher depression, anxiety, and burden scores had significantly lower scores in both physical (P < .001, P < .001, P = .022) and psychological health (all P < .001) domains of QOL. Sex and education had a strong influence on depression, anxiety, burden, and QOL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Caregivers of CKD patients, especially females with lower education, are at increased risk of psychological burden. Early screening for mental health issues in caregivers, along with supportive interventions, should be incorporated into treatment guidelines for CKD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14610,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of kidney diseases","volume":"20 1","pages":"54-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL), the Key Metric in Strategic Planning for Chronic Kidney Disease Care.","authors":"Shahrzad Ossareh","doi":"10.61882/ijkd.19.06.9371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61882/ijkd.19.06.9371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14610,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of kidney diseases","volume":"19 6","pages":"309-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Trend of Mortality Rate and Years of Life Lost Due to Kidney Failure in Fars Province, Iran, During the Years 2004-2019.","authors":"Habibollah Azarbakhsh, Najibullah Baeradeh, Seyed Parsa Dehghani, Iman Shakibkhah, Jafar Hassanzadeh, Alireza Mirahmadizadeh","doi":"10.61882/k4badb64","DOIUrl":"10.61882/k4badb64","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic kidney disease is a general term for heterogeneous disorders that affect the structure and function of the kidney. This study was conducted to determine the mortality rate and years of life lost due to kidney failure in southern Iran.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this retrospective, population-based descriptive trend study, all deaths due to kidney failure in Fars province were extracted from the electronic population-based death registration system (EDRS). The crude mortality rate, age-standardized mortality rate, years of life lost (YLL) and YLL rate data were calculated. The Joinpoint Regression method was used to examine the trend.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the 16-year study period, 2853 deaths due to kidney failure occurred in Fars province. Of this number, 57.2% (1633 cases) were men. The crude mortality rate had a stable trend in men and an increasing trend in women. However, the age-standardized mortality rate had a stable trend in both sexes. The total years of life lost due to kidney failure were 19366 in men and 15769 in women. According to the Joinpoint regression analysis, the trend of YLL rate due to premature mortality was stable and the annual percent change (APC) were -2.6% (95% CI -5.6 to 0.4, P = .088) and 1.8% (95% CI -1.9 to 5.6, P = .318) for males and females respectively.  Conclusions. The trend of crude mortality rate had a stable trend in men and an increasing trend in women. Also, the trend of YLL was stable for both sexes. The increasing trend in mortality among women may be due to increases in life expectancy and the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":14610,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of kidney diseases","volume":"19 6","pages":"322-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148155734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}