IO: Productivity最新文献_第4页

Payments on Digital Platforms: Resiliency, Interoperability, and Welfare 数字平台支付:弹性、互操作性和福利

IO: Productivity Pub Date : 2021-02-17 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3923992

Jonathan Chiu, Tsz-Nga Wong

{"title":"Payments on Digital Platforms: Resiliency, Interoperability, and Welfare","authors":"Jonathan Chiu, Tsz-Nga Wong","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3923992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3923992","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Digital platforms, such as Alibaba and Amazon, operate an online marketplace to facilitate transactions. This paper studies a platform’s business model choice between accepting cash and issuing tokens, as well as the implications for welfare, resiliency, and interoperability. A cash platform free rides on the existing payment infrastructure and profits from collecting transaction fees. A token platform earns seigniorage, albeit bearing the costs of setting up the system and holding reserves to mitigate the cyber risk. Tokens earn consumers a return, insulating transactions from the liquidity costs of using cash, but also expose them to the remaining cyber risk. The platform issues tokens if the interest rate is high, the platform scope is large, and the cyber risk is small. Unbacked floating tokens with zero transaction fees or interest-bearing stablecoins can implement the equilibrium business model, which is not necessarily socially optimal because the platform does not internalize its impacts on off-platform activities. The model explains why Amazon does not issue tokens, but Alipay issues tokens circulatable outside its Alibaba platforms. Regulations such as a minimum reserve requirement can reduce welfare.","PeriodicalId":14586,"journal":{"name":"IO: Productivity","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87339913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

How People Pay Each Other: Data, Theory, and Calibrations 人们如何相互支付:数据、理论和校准

IO: Productivity Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3780348

C. Greene, B. Prescott, Oz Shy

引用次数: 0

Wages, Minimum Wages, and Price Pass-Through: The Case of McDonald’s Restaurants 工资、最低工资和价格传递:麦当劳餐厅的案例

IO: Productivity Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3784134

O. Ashenfelter, Š. Jurajda

引用次数: 11

The Effect of Perceptions of Usefulness, Perceptions of Ease, Perceptions of Usability on the Use of Mobile Banking 有用性感知、易用性感知、可用性感知对手机银行使用的影响

IO: Productivity Pub Date : 2021-01-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3768877

A. Ardiansyah, Osly Usman

引用次数: 1

Blockchain, Decentralisation and the Public Interest: The need for a Decentralisation Conceptual Framework for dApps 区块链、去中心化和公共利益:对dapp去中心化概念框架的需求

IO: Productivity Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3788887

J. Ellul

{"title":"Blockchain, Decentralisation and the Public Interest: The need for a Decentralisation Conceptual Framework for dApps","authors":"J. Ellul","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3788887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3788887","url":null,"abstract":"Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) enable for disintermediation of services and decentralisation of the software processes enabling them. By doing so, processes can become transparent, verifiable, tamper-proof, and immutable. They have the capacity to provide an unchangeable history, or log, of all actions that have taken place which could be traced back to specific stakeholders. It can be said that such features allow for the implementation of use-cases that strive towards the common good such as financial inclusion, ethical supply chains, and community empowerment – however, decentralisation may not always work towards the common good (Ellul & Pace, 2018). The question of whether and how exactly blockchain can help towards the common good is, indeed, too wide-ranging. What exactly the term common good is has changed, and has been debated since Aristotelian times (Dupré, 1993). In this paper a narrower concept, public interest, and its relation to decentralisation will be explored, after which we aim to provide a conceptual framework that can aid in visualising the decentralisation complexities of DLT. The proposed conceptual framework can thereafter aid in determining a system’s relevance to de/centralisation goals in aid of the public interest.","PeriodicalId":14586,"journal":{"name":"IO: Productivity","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78173247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Introduction of Digital Technologies Into the Economic Activity of the Country, as Well as the Impact of the Digital Factor on Human Life 将数字技术引入国家的经济活动，以及数字因素对人类生活的影响

IO: Productivity Pub Date : 2021-01-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3801602

A. Baghirzade

引用次数: 0

Environmental Implications of R&D's Spillover Effects on Resource Use Efficiency and Renewable Energy Components 研发溢出效应对资源利用效率和可再生能源构成的环境影响

IO: Productivity Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3927015

M. Khezri, A. Heshmati, K. Fraser

{"title":"Environmental Implications of R&D's Spillover Effects on Resource Use Efficiency and Renewable Energy Components","authors":"M. Khezri, A. Heshmati, K. Fraser","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3927015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3927015","url":null,"abstract":"Given the lack of consensus among experimental studies on the effects of R&D and renewable energy on CO2 emissions, this study attempted to bridge the divide. Additionally, the study contributes by examining the role of pandemics in CO2 emissions through the use of a new pandemics index. Panel data models are estimated to examine the effects of determinants of CO2 emission using annual data from 2003 to 2017 in sample of 54 countries. Our findings indicate that increased trade openness, urbanization, and GDP per capita contribute significantly to the spread of CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the negative coefficient of squared GDP per capita emphasized the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. Additionally, the inclusion of spillover effects from R&D resulted in a statistically significant increase in its coefficient. Moreover, despite the increasing impact of R&D on CO2 emission reductions, its indirect effects resulted in increased energy use efficiency and a reduction in the damaging environmental effects of production expansion. While renewable energy production reduces CO2 emissions, these reductions can be mitigated or improved, and in some cases, even be positive, depending on the state of R&D in the countries studied. Furthermore, our findings indicate that epidemics had a negligible effect on CO2 emissions.","PeriodicalId":14586,"journal":{"name":"IO: Productivity","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73794651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the Asset Fire Sale Discount: Evidence from Commercial Aircraft Sales 重新审视资产贱卖折扣:来自商用飞机销售的证据

IO: Productivity Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3763826

J. Franks, Gunjan Seth, Oren Sussman, Vikrant Vig

引用次数: 3

New Challenges to Enlightenment: Why Socio-Technological Conditions Lead to Organized Immaturity and What to Do About it 启蒙的新挑战:为什么社会技术条件导致有组织的不成熟以及如何应对

IO: Productivity Pub Date : 2020-12-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3753612

A. Scherer, C. Neesham

引用次数: 7

(ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ТРУДА КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РОСТА И СОЦИАЛЬНОГО БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЯ ГРАЖДАН РОССИИ) Labor Productivity as a Tool for Increasing Economic Growth and Social Well-being of Russian Citizens

IO: Productivity Pub Date : 2020-12-17 DOI: 10.22394/1726-1139-2020-8-123-131

V. Belov

{"title":"(ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ТРУДА КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РОСТА И СОЦИАЛЬНОГО БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЯ ГРАЖДАН РОССИИ) Labor Productivity as a Tool for Increasing Economic Growth and Social Well-being of Russian Citizens","authors":"V. Belov","doi":"10.22394/1726-1139-2020-8-123-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2020-8-123-131","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: Современная экономическая ситуация как в мире, так и в России характеризуется значительным снижением темпов экономического развития разных стран, что, несомненно, сказывается и на уровне благосостояния большинства граждан: наблюдаются снижение реальных доходов населения, увеличение числа бедных, снижение покупательской способности граждан, рост количества безработных и прочие негативные социальные явления. Причин сложившейся ситуации множество, к некоторым из них можно отнести следующие: неблагоприятная для России мировая конъюнктура рынка энергоресурсов, связанная с падением цен на мировых рынках на стратегическое сырье (нефть); из-за пандемии коронавируса всеобщая приостановка производственно-хозяйственной деятельности во всем мире, нарушение цепи поставок материалов и готовой продукции на производственные мощности предприятий и конечные рынки сбыта, замкнутость в социально-экономическом развитии отдельных государств в национально-территориальных границах; накопившиеся, но пока не получившие своего полного разрешения, внутренние пространственно-экономические проблемы в самой России English Abstract: The article considers one of the most important economic indicators – labor productivity, determines the dependence of economic and social growth on its increase, analyzes the target indicators of the national project of the same name, and suggests measures aimed at improving the methodology for calculating labor productivity at the enterprise, which should contribute to a more correct reflection of the real situation in the country.","PeriodicalId":14586,"journal":{"name":"IO: Productivity","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85313052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0