IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and Possible Risk Factors of Malaria among Pregnant Women Attending To Antenatal Care at Umtalha Health Centre in Gezira State -Sudan","authors":"E. Abdalla, L. A. Abdalla, W. Eltayeb","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203056772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203056772","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria in pregnancy is one of the leading causes of maternal and child morbidity and mortality worldwide, mainly in high endemic areas. Our study aimed to estimate the prevalence of and to identify the possible risk factors associated with Malaria infection among pregnant women attending to antenatal care at health center in Umtalha village in Gezira State, Sudan. Methods: A crosssectional facility based study was conducted. A total of 332 pregnant women were selected. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics and possible risk factors. Blood was screened for malaria parasite. Results: 42 (12.7%)) of respondents were found to be Malaria positivity, 97.6% of cases infected with Plasmodium falciparum and 2.4% (1/42) of cases infected with plasmodium vivax. The analysis showed there was relationship between age group, educational level, family income, family size and sleeping under ITNs at night and malaria positivity. P values = (< 0.0001, 0.0001, 0.025, 0.007 and 0.036) respectively. The results indicated there was association between parity, past history and knowledge of malaria and malaria positivity. P values = (0.042, 0.011 and 0.0003) respectively. Conclusion: The study showed the prevalence of malaria among pregnant women was 12.7%. the result showed the P. falciparum malaria is common in pregnant women","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"91 1","pages":"67-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83767223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elemental Analysis of Dashmool Formulation by ICP-Ms Technique","authors":"S. Abhishek, Chaudhary Yogita, S. Manisha, K. Vijay","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203062529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203062529","url":null,"abstract":"Multi element analyses were carried out on Dashmool plants using ICP-MS Technique. Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn were screened. The elements present in medicinal plants play an important role in treatment of disease as discussed in Ayurvedas .On the basis of the different results of Dashmool may be more potent against the other disease. Dashmool plants showed the presence of essential elements that could enhance curative process of inflammation.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"1992 1","pages":"25-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82378963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPTLC AND GC-MS Analysis of Methanolic Extracts of Samanea Saman (Albizia Saman) (Jacquin) F. Mueller","authors":"S. Shanmugakumar, G. Kumar, K. Padmalatha","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203055861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203055861","url":null,"abstract":"Samanea saman (Albizia saman) is a wide-canopied tree with a large symmetrical crown. It usually reaches a height of 25 m (82 ft) and a diameter of 40 m. The leaves fold in rainy weather and in the evening, hence the name \"rain tree\" and \"five o'clock tree\" (Pukul Lima) in Malay. In the present investigation, the bioactive methanolic fraction was subjected to HPTLC and GC-MS analysis. GCMS analysis revealed the presence of six compounds from the methanolic fraction of the Samanea saman (1) 9,Octadecenoic acid (Z) methyl ester, (2) Dodecanoic acid, 10-methyl, methyl ester, (3) 13Hexyloxyacylotridec-10-en-2-one, (4) 15Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (5) Diethyl -1(8 –amino -1naphthyl) -1,2,3 triazole -4,5 –dicarboxylate were identified from the methanolic extract from the leaves of Samanea saman. The presence of these compounds was confirmed by NIST library values. HPTLC analysis concludes the presence of four major phytoconstituents which was eluted at Rf 0.67; 0.79; 0.85 & 0.90 respectively.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"119 1","pages":"58-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77584213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Value of p53 Expression in Intestinal Neoplasms - a Study in a Tertiary Health Care Centre","authors":"A. Arunachalam, Babiya Infant A Arockiasamy","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203061420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203061420","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer is one of the most common tumours of the world with the varying distribution. Though small intestine is an uncommon site for tumour, it accounts for significant number of gastro-intestinal malignancies. Pathological assessment of the resected specimen is mandatory for assessing the postoperative outcome and the rationale for adjuvant therapy. Among the various prognostic factors, Mutation of the p53 tumour suppressor gene, plays an important role in the progression of colorectal carcinoma and so it represents a clinically useful marker of prognosis. The present study evaluates the role of p53 in intestinal neoplasms by assessing its level of expression and to correlate the level of p53 expression with the stage of the colorectal adenocarcinomas so that its prognostic value in colorectal adenocarcinomas can be calculated.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87310335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences of Serum NT-PROBNP Concentration and Echocardiographic Parameterspredict Extent and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome","authors":"W. M. Merza","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203053742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203053742","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Plaque disruption exposes thrombogenic substances that may produce an extensive thrombus in the infarct-related artery. The precursor of BNP and N-terminal pro – Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) is a pre-pro hormone BNP, The prohormone is released during homodynamic stress from the left and right cardiac ventricle in response to ventricular volume expansion and pressure overload. Recent data suggest that left ventricular end diastolic wall stress and wall stiffness may be the predominate triggers of BNP release. Objective: To determine the level of serum NT-PRO brain natriuretic peptide which marked an increased incidence of cardiovascular events in unselected community-based individuals with many types of acute coronary syndrome admitted to cardiology care unite within 24 hour. Patients and Methods: This prospective study was composed of 70 consecutive patients with ACS who were seen between April 2015 to April 2017, and 20 healthy subjects as control group. The present study was conducted at the Department of Bio Chemistry, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad and Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Routine blood samples were collected at admission with fasting status, and the troponin I, C-reactive protien , and BNP levels were measured, a specific kit for the ELIZA Centaur analyzer was used. Glucose level was measured by using enzymatic colorimetric method. the patients were divided into five groups according to type of ACS: Extensive MI, Anteroseptal MI, Anterior MI, Inferior MI, and Unstable angina. Electrocardiography and Echocardiography were performed upon hospital admission for each patient. Results: This study included 70 patients with mean±SD of age was (58.77±11.45) years ranged from (25-84) years divided into two groups: Male group included 52(74.3%) patients, and female group included 18 (25.7%) patients. The patients with ACS were found to have significantly higher mean (± SEM) value of serum NTPROBNP concentrations (p=0.0144) as compared with mean (± SEM) value of serum control group, There was significant difference in mean ( SEM) value of NT-PROBNP concentrations among the five patients groups,(P-value=0.0255). The patients with ACS were found to have significantly higher mean (±SEM) value of serum hs-CRP concentrations (p=0.002) as compared with mean (±SEM) value of serum control group. There was significant difference in mean( SEM) value of hs-CRP concentrations among the five patients groups, (Pvalue=0.0478). The mean (±SEM) value of serum hs-troponin I concentrations did not differ significantly (p=0.372) as compared with mean (±SEM) value of serum control group. There was non significant difference in mean( SEM) value of serum hs-troponin I concentrations among the five patients groups,(P-value=0.146). Conclusions: Analysis of NT-proBNP help emergency physicians in managing patients with a variety of conditions. They are primarily helpful in difficult-to-diagnose causes of dyspnea. They are a strong tool","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90801990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and Antifungal Actuvity of Organic Solvent Extracts Of Knoxia Corymbosa","authors":"R. Rao, K. Ramakrishna, K. PavaneeMounika, M. Ravikumar, M.V.S. Murhy, G. Ester","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203050104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203050104","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In this study the potency of antibacterial activities of crude organic solvent extracts ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and methanol extracts of Knoxia corymbosa were tested on bacterial pathogens Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis and the potency of antifungal activities of crude organic solvent extracts ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were tested on fungal pathogens Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"63 1","pages":"01-04"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74129489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Capacity of Some Ethnomedicinal Plants Used In Western Nigeria","authors":"C. Faeji, M. Oladunmoye","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203040509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203040509","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated and compared the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant property of Phyllanthus amarus, Vernonia amygdalina, Carica papaya and Jatropha curcus which are commonly used in traditional medicine. This was achieved by evaluating the quantitative and qualitative presence of the phytochemicals and also determining the free radical scavenging potentials of the plant leaf extracts. The results of this study revealed that the leaf extracts of the test plants contain some proportions of important phytochemicals which includes alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, glycosides, cardiac glycoside. In furtherance, it showed that the selected plants vary significantly in their percentage ferric reducing antioxidant potentials (FRAP) expressed in gallic acid equivalents(GAE) ranging from 63.624 ± 0.14 to 165.076 ± 0.24 mg/100g and all the sample extracts exhibited moderate to significant inhibition of 1,1 diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) activity expressed in trolox equivalent (TAEC) ranging from 1.306±0.20 to 38.943± 0.11/100g. Considering all the parameters assayed, antioxidants capacities were significant in the sequence of P.amarus, V. amygdalina , J. curcas and C. Papaya. This current study shows that the test plants contain useful phytochemicals which makes them employable in traditional medical practices. However more work needs to be done to determine which of these phyto-constituents exert the greatest potency in therapeutic and antioxidant activities.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"05-09"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74573222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled Release Tablets of Zileuton by Using Gum Based and Hpmc Polymers","authors":"A. Haseena","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203030110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203030110","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to develop Controlled release formulation of Zileuton to maintain constant therapeutic levels of the drug for over 12 hrs. Sodium alginate, Guar gum and HPMC K15M were employed as polymers. Zileuton dose was fixed as 300 mg. Polymers were used in the concentration of 100, 200 and 300 mg concentration. All the formulations were passed various physicochemical evaluation parameters and they were found to be within limits. Whereas from the dissolution studies it was evident that the formulation (F6) showed better and desired drug release pattern i.e., 98.86 % in 12 hours. It contains the natural polymer Zileuton as controlled release material. It followed zero order release kinetics mechanism.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"379 1","pages":"01-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77880108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of functional nourishing cream using fulvic acid","authors":"B. Jo, Jun-Ho Jo, Y. Lee","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203034758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203034758","url":null,"abstract":"Fulvic acid is a natural material contained within soil that contains an ample amount of minerals and various functionalities such as antioxidation, currently making it a popular choice as a raw material for food, medicine and cosmetic products. Therefore, the research is to develop functional cosmetics for the prevention of skin aging by using fulvic acid, a natural humic substance that is effective in improving whitening and wrinkle. However, adenosine, edelweiss-cultured natural extracts, Niacinamide, Bio-AHP 500H, etc. are mixed in the cream to minimize the effective chelate reaction. Also,stable production was proposed including weight-measuring scale, stirring AGi adjustment and etc. that are performed for a smooth chelate reaction of crude fulvic acid solution. Furthermore, various tests such as including a skin cell safety test, collagen synthesis test, wrinkle improvement-related gene expression analysis test, anti-aging and antioxidative effect test and melanin synthesis inhibition test are performed and showed an outstanding level of performance in all tests. Finally, the cream has been tested on 5 items, criteria of quality assessment in cosmetic testing by the Ministry of Food & Drug safety, which are lead, arsenic, mercury, methanol, etc. and have passed all the inspection criteria.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"405 1","pages":"47-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76623247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study to Predict the Conversion of Laparoscopic To Open Cholecystectomy Using Ultrasound Score","authors":"Manivannan . R, Jagadeesh Jagadeesh","doi":"10.9790/3008-1203032128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-1203032128","url":null,"abstract":"II. Natural History: “Most patients with gallstones remain asymptomatic throughout life. Around 3% of asymptomatic individuals become symptomatic per year and develop biliary colic. Once symptomatic they develop recurrent episodes of biliary colic. Only few patients without biliary symptoms develop complications. Prophylactic cholecystectomy for asymptomatic cholelithiasis is rarely indicated. Elderly patients with diabetes mellitus, individuals who will be isolated from medical care for a prolonged period of time, Gall bladder polyp > 1 cm are indications for prophylactic cholecystectomy.","PeriodicalId":14548,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86387255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}