Indonesian Journal of International Relations最新文献

{"title":"TATA KELOLA KOLABORATIF (COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE) PEMBANGUNAN PARIWISATA BAJO MOLA WAKATOBI","authors":"Faturachman Alputra Sudirman, Irma Tri Annisya Tombora, La Tarifu","doi":"10.32787/ijir.v6i1.335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v6i1.335","url":null,"abstract":"The development of Bajo Mola tourism aims to encourage the community-based tourism sector in Wakatobi by increasing the capacity of the community to manage tourism businesses and increasing the local economic opinion of the Bajo Mola community. The Bajo Mola tourism development program involves collaboration between the British Council, Bank Mandiri, the Wakatobi District Government and the Mola Village Community to achieve this goal. This study aims to see how the collaborative governance process in Wakatobi tourism development studies on Bajo Mola Tourism. This research uses qualitative research methods. The research results show that the collaborative governance process for tourism development in Bajo Mola Tourism has been going well. Starting with a face-to-face dialogue, building trust until the collaboration process obtains an intermediate outcome, namely increasing the capacity of the community to manage tourism businesses and increasing the income of the people of Bajo Mola Wakatobi Village. \u0000Keywords: Collaborative Governance, Tourism Development, Wakatobi","PeriodicalId":145410,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of International Relations","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121786689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TUNTUTAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KELUARNYA TURKI DARI KONVENSI ISTANBUL","authors":"Femri Resdifianti, Dini Septianti Nurkhasanah, Ratih Tri Kusuma Dewi","doi":"10.32787/ijir.v6i1.302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v6i1.302","url":null,"abstract":"On March 20, 2021, Turkey withdrew from the Istanbul Convention, a human rights treaty against violence against women and domestic violence. The decision was inseparable from the demands of the Turkish people in the public sphere, who intensively lobbied the Turkish government to reject and withdraw from the Istanbul Convention. This article aims to analyze the influence of Turkish public demands on Turkey's decision to leave the Istanbul Convention using Habermas' public sphere theory. The author first describes Turkey's anti-gender discourse and movement. This anti-gender movement is backed by a pro-Islamic and traditional pro-gender ruling government. President Erdogan even expressed his disapproval of the feminist movement and the concept of gender equality. In addition, the author also describes the political background in Turkey's exit from the Istanbul Convention. The writing method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature review technique. The result of this research is that the Turkish people use the public sphere to form and disseminate public opinion in the form of demands to reject and withdraw from the Istanbul Convention. The intense lobbying efforts of the Turkish people in the public sphere show that they can influence and mobilize the state to protect family values ​​in Turkey, thus prompting the Turkish government to decide to leave the Istanbul Convention.","PeriodicalId":145410,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of International Relations","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131794872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POLITIK PERDAGANGAN NEGARA-NEGARA AMERIKA UTARA DI TENGAH PESIMISME NAFTA","authors":"Demeiati Nur Kusumaningrum, Havidz Ageng Prakoso","doi":"10.32787/ijir.v6i1.271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v6i1.271","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract President Trump has insisted on reforming NAFTA on the assumption that this agreement does not benefit America. US citizens have lost jobs, potential environmental damage, and large investments in Meksiko limit the possibility of claiming higher wages for low-income workers in the US. Meanwhile, the wage gap for unskilled workers in Meksiko has also increased in proportion to technological advances resulting from the rapid flow of foreign investment in industry. Increased industrialization has contributed significantly to the conversion of agricultural land and the loss of jobs for traditional farmers in Meksiko. The poverty rate in Meksiko in 2014 was higher than the poverty rate in 1994, causing a trend of Mexican immigration to the United States. Based on trade politics theory, this paper aims to examine the positive and negative implications of implementing the free trade agreement and explain the trade politics of member countries to remain committed to North American trade regionalism. The research found that Meksiko benefited from US and Canadian investment in order to reduce unemployment and support the country's capacity as a production base in the region. Kanada is the main supplier of information and communications technology products to America, while the US maintains its position as the sole player in the automotive sector. Renewal of the agreement to UMSCA is the US response to exclude China from market competition in North America.Keywords: America First; FTA; Regionalism Politics \u0000AbstrakPresiden Trump bersikeras mereformasi NAFTA dengan asumsi perjanjian ini tidak menguntungkan Amerika. Warga AS telah kehilangan lapangan kerja, potensi kerusakan lingkungan, dan investasi besar di Meksiko membatasi kemungkinan klaim upah yang lebih tinggi untuk pekerja berpenghasilan rendah di AS. Sementara, kesenjangan upah pada tenaga tidak terampil di Meksiko turut meningkat sebanding dengan kemajuan teknologi yang dihasilkan dari derasnya arus investasi asing di bidang industri. Meningkatnya industrialisasi berkontribusi signifikan terhadap alih fungsi lahan pertanian dan hilangnya pekerjaan petani tradisional di Meksiko. Tingkat kemiskinan Meksiko pada tahun 2014 lebih tinggi dari tingkat kemiskinan tahun 1994 sehingga menyebabkan tren imigrasi Meksiko ke Amerika Serikat. Berdasarkan teori politik perdagangan, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menelaah implikasi positif dan negatif implementasi kesepakatan perdagangan bebas dan menjelaskan politik perdagangan negara-negara anggota untuk tetap berkomitmen pada regionalisme perdagangan Amerika Utara. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa Meksiko diuntungkan dari investasi AS dan Kanada dalam rangka mengurangi pengangguran dan mendukung kapasitas negara sebagai basis produksi di kawasan. Kanada menjadi pemasok utama untuk produk teknologi informasi dan komunikasi ke Amerika, sementara AS mempertahankan posisinya sebagai pemain tunggal dalam sektor otomotif. Perbaharuan perjanjian menjadi UMSCA men","PeriodicalId":145410,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of International Relations","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133911850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INDIA’S GROWING SECURITY ARCHITECTURE IN INDO PACIFIC: A CASE STUDY OF INDO- MAURITIUS CONVERGENCE","authors":"Subhash Kumar Baitha, Souvik Chatterjee","doi":"10.32787/ijir.v6i1.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v6i1.295","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of China across the Indian and the Pacific Ocean along with new threats radiating from the maritime domain further consolidates the necessity of maritime security. All the major powers such as India, Japan, the United States, Australia, etc. are giving attention to the Indo-Pacific to counter China’s assertiveness and to protect their maritime interests. Concerning India, the country has adopted three approaches to protect its maritime and geostrategic interests in the Indo-Pacific region. First to directly engage with the regional powers and forums such as ASEAN. Secondly collaborating with small and middle powers such as the Maldives and Sri Lanka, Mauritius, and Seychelles, etc. Finally, engaging in multilateral and multi-sectoral dialogue with global powers such as Australia, Japan, the United States under the ambit of the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, commonly called the Quad. Using littoral powers India is in the process of actively extending its reach, interests, and focus to subvert Chinese assertiveness. So based on the stated problem the focus of this paper is to understand the changing trajectory of India’s Indo-Pacific policy with special reference to Mauritius.","PeriodicalId":145410,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of International Relations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129767786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KETERGANTUNGAN LAOS PADA TIONGKOK DALAM EKONOMI DAN PEMBANGUNAN SEBAGAI PENGHAMBAT TERLAKSANANYA PROGRAM REDUCE INEQUALITY","authors":"Yeni Herliana Yoshida","doi":"10.32787/ijir.v6i1.298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v6i1.298","url":null,"abstract":"Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketergantungan Laos terhadap China dalam ekonomi dan pembangunan, yang menjadi hambatan bagi terlaksananya reduce inequality sebagai salah satu program Suistainable Development Goals (SDGs). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif, serta menggunakan pendekatan teori ketergantungan dan cobweb model sebagai alat analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketergantungan Laos terhadap China menyebabkan utang luar negeri Laos meningkat, tetapi kesenjangan di Laos masih cukup tinggi. Proyek Belt Road Initiative (BRI) sangat menguntungkan bagi Laos, karena bisa membantu Laos dalam masalah geografisnya. Namun semakin lama Laos bergantung kepada China, semakin sulit pula bagi Laos untuk bisa berkontribusi dan mewujudkan program berkelajutan, seperti program reduce inequality.","PeriodicalId":145410,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of International Relations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128798203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KEHADIRAN JEPANG DI LAUT TIONGKOK SELATAN MELALUI KEBIJAKAN PROACTIVE CONTRIBUTION TO PEACE","authors":"Clarinda Inda Rahayu, Iwan Ridwan Zaelani","doi":"10.32787/ijir.v6i1.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v6i1.239","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Regional stability in the South China Sea plays an important role in ensuring the safety of regional trade. Although not involved in territorial disputes, Japan's presence in the South China Sea is related to energy and maritime interests. This research tries to investigate Japan's involvement in the South China Sea. Utilizing the qualitative research methods, this research reviews and analyzes Japanese policies, with observations through official Japanese government documents and other relevant literature. This research finds that Japan's main interest in the South China Sea is to maintain the stability of the Southeast Asian region in ensuring the security of maritime communication lines. Engaging a Balance of Power theory, this research sees at Japan's involvement in the South China Sea to achieve regional stability by increasing military capability and strengthen alliances with Us in the region. The results of this research reveal that Japan implements its security policy by adopting a more proactive approach as stated in the Proactive Contribution to Peace policy as an effort to balance China's assertiveness by strengthening diplomatic efforts in the defense aspect and increase security interaction with Southeast Asian countries. \u0000Keywords: Balance of Power, South China Sea, Japan, Proactive Contribution to Peace \u0000  \u0000ABSTRAK \u0000Stabilitas kawasan di Laut Cina Selatan memegang peranan penting dalam menjamin keselamatan laju perdagangan regional. Meskipun tidak terlibat dalam sengketa wilayah, kehadiran Jepang di Laut Cina Selatan berkaitan dengan kepentingan energi dan jaur laut. Penelitian ini mencoba menelisik keterlibatan Jepang di Laut Cina Selatan. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, penelitian ini meninjau dan menganalisis kebijakan Jepang, dengan melakukan observasi melalui dokumen resmi pemerintah Jepang dan dan literatur relevan lainnya. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kepentingan utama Jepang di Laut Cina Selatan adalah untuk menjaga stabilitas kawasan Asia Tenggara dalam menjamin keamanan jalur komunikasi laut. Menggunakan teori Balance of Power, penelitian ini melihat keterlibatan Jepang di Laut Cina Selatan untuk mencapai stabilitas kawasan dengan meningkatkan peran militer dan memperkuat aliansi dengan Amerika Serikat di kawasan tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa Jepang melaksanakan kebijakan keamanan dengan mengadopsi pendekatan yang lebih proaktif yang tertuang dalam kebijakan Proactive Contribution to Peace sebagai upaya untuk menyeimbangkan ketegasan China dengan memperkuat upaya diplomatik di bidang pertahanan serta meningkatkan interaksi keamanan dengan negara-negara Asia Tenggara. \u0000Kata Kunci: Balance of Power, Laut China Selatan, Jepang, Proactive Contribution to Peace","PeriodicalId":145410,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of International Relations","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124125001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RELEVANSI IDENTITAS AGAMA DI TENGAH DOMINASI IDENTITAS NEGARA-BANGSA","authors":"Miftah Farid Darussalam, Mirah Satria Alamsyah","doi":"10.32787/ijir.v6i1.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v6i1.199","url":null,"abstract":"This writing argues that nation-states could be treated as an identity rather than only the accepted actor of international relations. Understand nation-states as an identity is important, following the constructivist argument that identity could shape an individual or even nation-states' intention. Nation-states as the main actor of international relations impacted to their intention define only by the identity that emerges from it. Although, other identities especially religious identity in this writing argued still relevant in the identity conceptual framework that this paper provides. This paper highlights that nation-states identity work as representative identity, as the basis of identification over self-image on the surface. Meanwhile, religious identity lies within the nation-states; it might not always represent nation-states but could do so on a contextual basis. This is qualitative research using identity as the conceptual framework. Then, literature studies as the method and data collection been done by collecting relevant academic journals, books, and other relevant articles. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":145410,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of International Relations","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133687577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KEKUATAN NASIONAL TIONGKOK DALAM SENGKETA LAUT TIONGKOK SELATAN","authors":"Sukawarsini Djelantik","doi":"10.32787/ijir.v5i2.248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v5i2.248","url":null,"abstract":"The South China Sea (LTS) has a strategic position and rich in natural resources. These waters are claimed by several countries such as China, the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, and Taiwan. The overlapping claims have not yet reached a resolution, even though tensions have increased and potentially to become an open conflict. The United States (US) and China have economic, political and strategic interests in winning the competition in the South China Sea. This paper answers the question what is China's position in the dispute in the South China Sea? Has China as a great power succeeded in utilizing its national power to control the waters? China's position is analyzed using the concept of national power consisting of Diplomacy, Information, Military and Economics (DIME), which is commonly used to assess state power. China's strength is compared indirectly with the US, which is the main competitor in the region from a diplomatic, military and economic point of view. From the diplomatic aspect, China controls countries in Southeast Asia which are part of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) infrastructure project, whose various projects are funded through the Asian Investment Infrastructure Bank (AIIB). To confirm the claim, China has carried out various constructions of artificial islands in the disputed area, which are equipped with military facilities. From an economic perspective, China's rapid growth in recent decades has made it one of the most respected world powers. These facts indicated that China is a great power that has managed to match the power and influence of the US in the region. In the case of the LTS dispute, it is likely that China will win the competition, influence and support from the disputing countries. \u0000China; South China Sea; diplomacy, information, military, economy","PeriodicalId":145410,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of International Relations","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129858225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KEHADIRAN STARBUCKS SEBAGAI LAMBANG KAPITALISME AMERIKA SERIKAT DI TIONGKOK","authors":"Putu Shangrina Pramudia","doi":"10.32787/ijir.v5i2.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v5i2.218","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the impact of Starbucks presence as a style of Western capitalism in China through the analysis of Conscious Capitalism developed by John Mackey and Professor Raj Sisodia. The glory of Starbucks in China has started since the opening of its first outlet in 1999. The high level of consumerism in China is the reason behind the success and glory of Starbucks capitalism in China. In contrast to other patterns of consumerism and business capitalism, which tend to cause economic, ecological and humanistic crises, in this paper the author argue that the presence of Starbucks in China has a positive impact. This can be proven by the application of the principles of Conscious Capitalism by Starbucks in the midst of the flow of Chinese consumption, consumerism and capitalism. The principles of conscious capitalism applied by Starbucks are; (1) higher purpose; (2) stakeholder orientation; (3) culture orientation; and (4) conscious leadership.","PeriodicalId":145410,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of International Relations","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134326506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DAYA SAING KARET ALAM SUMATERA SELATAN DALAM PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL","authors":"Sri Hertina, Khoirun Nisyak, Nur Aslamiah Supli","doi":"10.32787/ijir.v5i2.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v5i2.226","url":null,"abstract":"Rubber is the leading commodity in South Sumatra which provides the largest income in the non-oil and gas sector. South Sumatra itself is an area that has the largest rubber production and plantations in Indonesia and can even compete with other rubber-producing countries in the international market. However, in its development, South Sumatra's rubber commodity faces various obstacles to compete in international trade. The purpose of this study was to examine how the competitiveness of South Sumatra's natural rubber commodities in international trade. The concept of competitiveness and the theory of competitive advantage is used to describe the research results. The method used in this study is descriptive explanatory, data collection was obtained by interviewing the South Sumatra Province Plantation Service and GAPKINDO of South Sumatra, as well as through the results of a literature study. The findings of this study are seen through 4 determinants of competitive advantage, factor conditions, demand condition, related and supporting Industries, then firm strategy, structure, and rivalry. As well as additional factors,  governance. Production of rubber plantations in South Sumatra has decreased. Rubber demand also declined based on data on the volume of rubber exports. South Sumatra's downstream industry has not yet developed. Then the strategy applied is less than optimal and the role of the Government of South Sumatra is lacking. So it can be concluded that the competitiveness of South Sumatran rubber commodities in international trade is low. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":145410,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of International Relations","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133431162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}