Michael Schmid, Bernhard Liebhart, Jan Kleiner, C. Endisch, R. Kennel
{"title":"Online Detection of Soft Internal Short Circuits in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs by Data-Driven Cell Voltage Monitoring","authors":"Michael Schmid, Bernhard Liebhart, Jan Kleiner, C. Endisch, R. Kennel","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479175","url":null,"abstract":"Besides the performance and range requirements, the breakthrough of electromobility depends crucially on the safety of battery systems. Cell faults that can lead to thermal runaway of the energy storage reduce customer acceptance. Thermal runaways are often preceded by an Internal Short Circuit (ISC). Thus, there is a necessity for a method that is able to detect the formation of ISCs, before a significant temperature rise is observed and the risk of thermal propagation arises. To achieve this, a data-driven method that enables early detection of soft ISCs is presented. The unsupervised machine-learning method is based on linear Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and nonlinear Kernel PCA (KPCA). Since the method only requires fault-free voltage measurements for training, it is directly applicable in conventional battery systems. The nonlinear KPCA is thoroughly compared with the linear PCA using experimental data. The data originates from a module consisting of twelve automotive cells. While the linear method has advantages in computational complexity, the nonlinear method detects ISCs earlier due to its high sensitivity and specificity.","PeriodicalId":145366,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 12th Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition - Asia (ECCE-Asia)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116862779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Aly, F. Carnielutti, Margarita Norambuena, M. Narimani, José Raúl Rodríguez Rodríguez
{"title":"Predictive Control for Multilevel Inverters with Reduced Number of Commutations","authors":"M. Aly, F. Carnielutti, Margarita Norambuena, M. Narimani, José Raúl Rodríguez Rodríguez","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479291","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a Model Predictive Control able to reduce the number of commutations is proposed for multilevel inverters. The strategy used in this work adds a term in the cost function, considering the number of changes in the output voltage levels to evaluate the number of switching commutations. This term allows to reduce the unnecessary commutations in a multilevel converter and also is able to reduce the computational cost involved in a multilevel converter with more than 5 output voltage levels. By means of simulation results, the strategy is compared to the standard Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control, FCS-MPC, considering as an example a 7-level Cascaded H-Bridge topology. The simulation results show the better performance of the proposed strategy.","PeriodicalId":145366,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 12th Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition - Asia (ECCE-Asia)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127369019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongmin Kim, Young-Dal Lee, Sung-Pyo Cheon, Ki-Mok Kim, G. Moon
{"title":"Push-Pull Class Φ2 Amplifier with Optimized Operation Strategy for High-frequency Wireless Power Transfer System","authors":"Dongmin Kim, Young-Dal Lee, Sung-Pyo Cheon, Ki-Mok Kim, G. Moon","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9478997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9478997","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an operation strategy for achieving high efficiency in a wide output power range of a push-pull class Φ2 amplifier. The proposed operation strategy can utilize push-pull mode and single-ended mode according to the output power. Since the circuit must be able to operate stably in both operation modes, there are additional design requirements. This strategy can improve efficiency under low output power conditions. The proposed operation strategy is verified through an experiment using an 80W WPT transmitter prototype circuit.","PeriodicalId":145366,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 12th Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition - Asia (ECCE-Asia)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125166781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Duy-Dinh Nguyen, K. Yukita, Akinori Katou, Shinji Yoshida
{"title":"A new method to extend the soft-switching area of three-phase Dual-Active-Bridge converters","authors":"Duy-Dinh Nguyen, K. Yukita, Akinori Katou, Shinji Yoshida","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479305","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new modulation method aiming to extend the soft-switching area of a three-phase Dual-Active- Bridge (DAB) converter. The converter includes three single-phase transformers connecting in Y-Y fashion. A new degree of freedom is introduced to both inverters to make the current discontinuous. Unlike other customized modulation methods that cause the transformer voltages and currents asymmetric, the propose method can maintain the symmetrical form of the voltages and currents. Thanks to that, the switching stress and dissipation are distributed equally among transistors. Experimental results confirm the proposed modulation technique.","PeriodicalId":145366,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 12th Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition - Asia (ECCE-Asia)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123278770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative Study of Grid-Following LCL-Filtered Inverters with Sampling Different Voltages","authors":"J. Zhong, Jinming Xu, Shaojun Xie","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479052","url":null,"abstract":"The grid-connected inverter is the key interface in the distributed power generation system. To realize a high- quality grid current of the inverter, at least, the sensors for one current and one voltage from so many available electric variables at the inverter output should be required for implementing the phase-locked loop (PLL) and current control. For the selection of the current sampling, many literatures have discussed the current control with the sampling of grid current, inverter-side current or capacitor current. For the selection of the voltage sampling, two voltages including the voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) and the capacitor voltage can both be applicable. However, the comparisons of the two implementations have still not been well documented by literatures, and the influence of the selections of voltage sensor locations to the inverter control performances is still unclear. Therefore, this study aims to further compare the performances of grid-connected LCL-filtered inverters with different voltage sensor locations.","PeriodicalId":145366,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 12th Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition - Asia (ECCE-Asia)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123779411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shanal Kumar, M. Cirrincione, Vincent Léchappé, K. Ram, A. Mohammadi
{"title":"A Simplified Control Oriented Model Of an Open Cathode PEM Fuel Cell","authors":"Shanal Kumar, M. Cirrincione, Vincent Léchappé, K. Ram, A. Mohammadi","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479098","url":null,"abstract":"the paper presents a simplified nonlinear model for an open cathode Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) and its control using two different control strategies. The model presented uses only three state variables and is therefore easy to model and control. The mass flow of oxygen, hydrogen and water were taken to be the key dynamics in the system. The unknown parameters were estimated using the experimental data of a 1.2 kW PEMFC. The model showed good agreement with experimental results. With the objective of maintaining a fixed oxygen excess ratio – a Proportional Integral (PI) Control and a Sliding Mode Control (SMC) scheme were applied to the system model. This paper compares the results of a simple PEMFC model without controller, with a PI controller and a Sliding Mode controller. The SMC performs better in terms of maintaining a fixed oxygen excess ratio of 2. The results also show that the simplified model has good use at an early design stage for systems using PEMFC and also for learning purposes.","PeriodicalId":145366,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 12th Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition - Asia (ECCE-Asia)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115509100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"No-Load Additional High-order Space Harmonic Losses of Squirrel Cage Induction motor Based on General Airgap Field Modulation Theory","authors":"Jingxia Wang, M. Cheng","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479310","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes the analytical methods for calculating no-load additional losses induced by high-order space harmonics of airgap magnetic flux density. Firstly, amplitudes and rotation speeds of prominent space harmonics of airgap magnetic flux density are calculated based on the general airgap field modulation theory (GAFMT). Secondly, the loss formulas are deduced, where the surface losses and the pulsation losses in the stator and rotor and the bar joule loss induced in the rotor bars are considered. At last, the results obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by finite element analysis (FEA), showing a good agreement.","PeriodicalId":145366,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 12th Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition - Asia (ECCE-Asia)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122652264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Fast Open-Circuit Fault Diagnosis Method for Two-Level Converter in Railway Traction Systems","authors":"Quanzhi Zhang, D. Xie, Yumin Lei, X. Ge","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479466","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional diagnosis algorithms generally only diagnose switch faults in rectifiers and inverters, respectively. However, in the traction converter containing both a rectifier and an inverter, the combination of two diagnostic algorithms increases the complexity of fault diagnosis and the compatibility between diagnostic algorithms needs to be fully considered. Therefore, an individual detection variable is expected to detect faults of the traction converter. Based on the above considerations, in this paper, a unified diagnostic algorithm using dc-link voltage residuals as an individual detection variable is proposed to identify single and multiple switch faults that occur simultaneously in both rectifier and inverter. The proposed method can complete the fault detection and location within one line cycle for the single or multiple switch faults, where no additional sensors are required and all the parameters required are available from the control system. The simulation results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":145366,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 12th Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition - Asia (ECCE-Asia)","volume":"17 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114038627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-Domain Modeling and Design Optimization of Synchronous Rectifiers for SiC-Based High- Load-Current LLC Converter","authors":"Lianghao Li, Zheng Chen, Guo-zhu Chen","doi":"10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479366","url":null,"abstract":"The synchronous rectifier (SR) related electromagnetic and thermal models of a high-load- current LLC resonant converter are deduced, which is used for reliability analysis and optimization of print circuit board (PCB) layout. The impact of the parasitic inductance in the SR FETs' package and the strong secondary-side electromagnetic field on the SR controller is considered. Then the LLC time-domain model is adopted to calculate the losses. Finally, the SR FETs' junction temperature is acquired through the thermal model to evaluate the design reliability. Compared with traditional design methods based on numerical simulation models, this analytical model-based design method is cost-effective and efficient while high accuracy preserved. This scheme is used to optimize the SiC-based on-board DC-DC converter in an integrated electric vehicle (EV) power supply to make it stably output 180A while occupying less PCB area. After the optimization, the occupied PCB width of the output structure is reduced to 62mm, which is nearly half of conventional designs.","PeriodicalId":145366,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 12th Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition - Asia (ECCE-Asia)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114410528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}