JAMA ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Sexual Harassment in Ophthalmology.","authors":"Olivia J Killeen, Leona Ding, Laura Enyedi, Grace Sun, Michelle T Cabrera","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.6489","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.6489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>High rates of sexual harassment were reported among ophthalmologists who responded to a survey in 2018. A comparison with the rates in 2023 seems warranted following increased initiatives to combat sexual harassment.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the rates and characteristics of sexual harassment in ophthalmology from survey respondents in 2018 and 2023 and to investigate rates of gender discrimination among the 2023 respondents.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>In this cross-sectional, observational survey study, the survey was administered anonymously using Google Forms through the Women in Ophthalmology email blast list from August 25 to September 25, 2023. Primarily female ophthalmologists or ophthalmology trainees were surveyed in the United States and Canada. The study was determined to be exempt by the University of Washington institutional review board because it involved an anonymous, low-risk survey of adults. Participants provided consent electronically.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Rates of sexual harassment in ophthalmology, number of occurrences in the past 5 years, and gender discrimination. Rates were compared between the 2018 and 2023 surveys.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1051 emails sent, 692 (65.8%) were opened, and of those opened, 289 of 692 eligible participants (41.8%) responded, so that the respondents represented 289 (27.5%) of the 1051 emails sent. Among the 288 survey participants who provided gender data, there were 282 women (97.9%), 3 men (1.0%), 1 nonbinary or third gender participant (0.3%), and 2 other participants (ie, they preferred not to say or preferred to self-describe) (0.6%), with 113 (39.2%) aged 31 to 40 years. Of the 289 survey respondents in 2023, 172 (59.5%) experienced sexual harassment in ophthalmology compared with 265 of 447 (59.3%) surveyed in 2018 (difference, 0.2%; 95% CI, -7.0% to 7.5%; P = .95). Also, of the 172 respondents in 2023 who reported experiencing sexual harassment, 107 (62.2%) experienced it within the past 5 years compared with 125 of 265 respondents (47.2%) who reported experiencing it in 2018 (difference, 15.0%; 95% CI, 5.5%-24.2%; P < .001). In 2023, 41 of 170 respondents (24.1%) reported their most severe experience to an authority compared with 40 of 265 (15.1%) in 2018 (difference, 9.0%; 95% CI, 1.3%-16.8%; P = .02). Of 287 survey respondents in 2023, 244 (85.0%) experienced gender discrimination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this survey study, the rates of sexual harassment among respondents remained high 5 years after a survey on sexual harassment in ophthalmology, with higher frequency of recent experiences and continued low reporting rates. With other forms of gender discrimination also highly prevalent among respondents, these results support pursuit of validated strategies to foster a culture of zero tolerance toward harassment and discrimination","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"348-353"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zoster Eye Disease Study.","authors":"Douglas A Jabs","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.0204","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.0204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"285-286"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presumed Pentosan Polysulfate Maculopathy With Limited Drug Exposure.","authors":"Jonah E Yousif, Mark W Johnson","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.0214","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.0214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"362-363"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"#MeToo in Ophthalmology.","authors":"Julia A Haller","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.6491","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.6491","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"354-355"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraventricular Silicone Oil After Retinal Detachment Repair","authors":"Kundian Guo, Chunxia Jiang, Zhen Hong","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.5708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.5708","url":null,"abstract":"This case report discusses a diagnosis of intraventricular silicone oil discovered 2 years after silicone oil tamponade was performed for retinal detachment repair for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in a woman aged 54 years.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depigmentation of RPE Hypertrophy in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome","authors":"Enrique J. González-Coín, Ester Carreño","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.6230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.6230","url":null,"abstract":"This case report discusses the depigmentation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) hypertrophy in a patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome receiving high-dose corticosteroid treatment.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JAMA Ophthalmology Peer Reviewers in 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.0394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.0394","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"e250394"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Retinal Detachments in a Previously Healthy 19-Year-Old","authors":"Param Bhatter, Eric Jung, Danny A. Mammo","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.0112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.0112","url":null,"abstract":"A 19-year-old man was referred for evaluation of bilateral retinal detachments. Imaging demonstrated subretinal and intraretinal fluid in the macula of both eyes with no choroidal masses. What would you do next?","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and Demographic Determinants of Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy Risk and Severity","authors":"Siyin Liu, Amanda N. Sadan, Nihar Bhattacharyya, Christina Zarouchlioti, Anita Szabo, Marcos Abreu Costa, Nathaniel J. Hafford-Tear, Anne-Marie S. Kladny, Lubica Dudakova, Marc Ciosi, Ismail Moghul, Mark R. Wilkins, Bruce Allan, Pavlina Skalicka, Alison J. Hardcastle, Nikolas Pontikos, Catey Bunce, Darren G. Monckton, Kirithika Muthusamy, Petra Liskova, Stephen J. Tuft, Alice E. Davidson","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.0109","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceUnderstanding the pathogenic mechanisms of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) could contribute to developing gene-targeted therapies.ObjectiveTo investigate associations between demographic data and age at first keratoplasty in a genetically refined FECD cohort.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study recruited 894 individuals with FECD at Moorfields Eye Hospital (London) and General University Hospital (Prague) from September 2009 to July 2023. Ancestry was inferred from genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism array data. CTG18.1 status was determined by short tandem repeat and/or triplet-primed polymerase chain reaction. One or more expanded alleles (≥50 repeats) were classified as expansion-positive (Exp+). Expansion-negative (Exp-) cases were exome sequenced.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAssociation between variants in FECD-associated genes, demographic data, and age at first keratoplasty.ResultsWithin the total cohort (n = 894), 77.3% of patients were Exp+. Most European (668 of 829 [80.6%]) and South Asian (14 of 22 [63.6%]) patients were Exp+. The percentage of female patients was higher (151 [74.4%]) in the Exp- cohort compared to the Exp+ cohort (395 [57.2%]; difference, 17.2%; 95% CI, 10.1%-24.3%; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &amp;amp;lt; .001). The median (IQR) age at first keratoplasty of the Exp + patients (68.2 years [63.2-73.6]) was older than the Exp- patients (61.3 years [52.6-70.4]; difference, 6.5 years; 95% CI, 3.4-9.7; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &amp;amp;lt; .001). The CTG18.1 repeat length of the largest expanded allele within the Exp+ group was inversely correlated with the age at first keratoplasty (β, −0.087; 95% CI, −0.162 to −0.012; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = .02). The ratio of biallelic to monoallelic expanded alleles was higher in the FECD cohort (1:14) compared to an unaffected control group (1:94; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &amp;amp;lt; .001), indicating that 2 Exp+ alleles were associated with increased disease penetrance compared with 1 expansion. Potentially pathogenic variants (minor allele frequency, &amp;amp;lt;0.01; combined annotation dependent depletion, &amp;amp;gt;15) were only identified in FECD-associated genes in 13 Exp- individuals (10.1%).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this multicenter cohort study among individuals with FECD, CTG18.1 expansions were present in most European and South Asian patients, while CTG18.1 repeat length and zygosity status were associated with modifications in disease severity and penetrance. Known disease-associated genes accounted for only a minority of Exp- cases, with unknown risk factors associated with disease in the rest of this subgroup. These data may have implications for future FECD gene-targeted therapy development.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"213 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Federally Qualified Health Centers as a Model to Improve Vision Health: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Patricia Bai, Spencer S Burt, Maria A Woodward, Scott Haber, Paula Anne Newman-Casey, Jeffrey D Henderer, R V Paul Chan, Aiyin Chen","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.6264","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.6264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Disparities in eye health are associated with lower-income and minoritized populations, many of whom seek care at federally qualified health centers (FQHCs).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the literature addressing vision and eye health care provided at FQHCs, identify barriers to providing care at FQHCs, and highlight recommendations on how FQHCs can decrease disparities in eye health.</p><p><strong>Evidence review: </strong>A systematic review of Embase, SCOPUS, and PubMed was performed, and articles regarding eye and vision health at FQHCs within the US published between January 1, 1965, and July 14, 2023, were included. This review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Structured data and case studies were extracted and collated using an a priori method to reduce bias.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The systematic review yielded 423 unique articles, with 43 meeting inclusion criteria. Only 18.3% to 29% of FQHCs reported on-site vision services with the remainder relying on external referrals to vision specialists. Primary eye conditions evaluated included diabetic retinopathy (26 studies), general eye health (11 studies), and glaucoma (6 studies). Telehealth vision initiatives were an important method to expand access (18 studies). Other topics included economic analysis (5 studies) and policy suggestions (3 studies) to increase vision services at FQHCs. Systemic barriers to accessing care at FQHCs were the lack of eye clinicians available to provide services, the cost of resources, and limited reimbursement to implement screening programs. Patient barriers to accessing care included financial constraints for specialist care, limited awareness of the importance of eye examinations, and difficulty navigating the insurance system.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Findings of this systematic review suggest that FQHCs are well positioned to increase vision services and thus improve vision health equity, serving populations who are at a higher risk for vision disorders. Results find systemic and patient-level barriers to vision health that may need to be addressed. Policy leaders could leverage existing gaps for purposeful advocacy, set standards and metrics for vision health at FQHCs, promote novel models of care, and encourage collaboration of eye clinicians with partnering FQHCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"242-251"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143407735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}