JAMA ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Ocular Adverse Events With Semaglutide: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Gabriella R Natividade,Bernardo F Spiazzi,Matheus W Baumgarten,Caroline Bassotto,Afonso A Pereira,Bruna L Fraga,Bruno G Scalco,Nicole R Mattes,Daniel Lavinsky,Caroline K Kramer,Fernando Gerchman","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2489","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceSemaglutide is a widely used treatment for diabetes and obesity, offering considerable cardiovascular benefit. However, its association with ocular adverse events remains uncertain.ObjectiveTo assess the incidence of eye disorders, diabetic retinopathy, and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in adults treated with semaglutide.Data SourcesA comprehensive electronic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted on April 10, 2025, without date restrictions.Study SelectionInvestigators independently screened records to identify randomized clinical trials comparing semaglutide with either an active comparator or placebo in adults, assessing ocular adverse events.Data Extraction and SynthesisDescriptive synthesis of the included studies was performed. The random-effects model using the inverse variance method was used to summarize the odds ratio (OR) for eye disorders and diabetic retinopathy. Peto OR with a fixed-effects model was applied for NAION. Risk of bias was assessed with the RoB 2.0 tool and quality of evidence with GRADE. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed to determine whether the available data were sufficient for definitive conclusions.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes included the number of patients experiencing an ocular adverse event, diabetic retinopathy, or NAION. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on follow-up duration, comparator type, and primary baseline condition.ResultsA total of 78 trials with 73 640 participants were included. Semaglutide did not increase or reduce the risk of eye disorders (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.91-1.12) or diabetic retinopathy (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.92-1.17). Treatment with semaglutide was associated with a significant odds of NAION (OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.02-15.02). Overall risk of bias was low. TSA provided evidence that the sample size was sufficient to avoid missing alternative results for diabetic retinopathy but not for NAION.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that semaglutide was not associated with an increased risk of eye disorders or diabetic retinopathy. Despite the fact that an association between semaglutide treatment and NAION was found, current evidence remains insufficient to establish definitive conclusions regarding its association with NAION. Further studies with larger sample sizes and adequate evaluation of NAION are warranted to clarify this potential risk.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144850871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposed Nomenclature for Landmarks in Anterior-Segment OCT: The APOSTEL-AS Panel Consensus.","authors":"Alexander S Fraser,Marcus Ang,Alice Bellchambers,Colin J Chu,Alastair K Denniston,Laura E Downie,Thomas Evans,Scott Hau,Alex S Huang,Pearse A Keane,Xiaoxuan Liu,Jodhbir S Mehta,Giovanni Ometto,Axel Petzold,Edmund Tsui,Tamara S Fraser,Benjamin Xu,Caroline Thaung,Ameenat L Solebo","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2414","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceAnterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) has broad clinical and research utility. The utility of quantitative data derived from AS-OCT is, however, dependent on the quality and consistency of the cumulative evidence base.ObjectiveTo develop consensus-based nomenclature that supports standardized reporting of AS-OCT image acquisition and analyses as a foundation to improve research reproducibility.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA multistage consensus exercise was undertaken, in 2024, with an expert panel of ophthalmologists, optometrists, and vision scientists, informed by a scoping review to identify the range of AS-OCT applications and terminologies in use. Panel members were selected to represent the breadth of clinical areas identified within the review or key stakeholder groups (ie, ocular image acquisition, imaging analysis, consensus methodologies). Nominal group technique was used to seek consensus on existing and newly proposed terminologies for normal anatomical structures identifiable within cross-sectional swept-source and spectral-domain AS-OCT images. An ophthalmic histopathologist then reviewed the output for concordance with histological terminology. Data were analyzed from July 2024 to January 2025.ExposuresExpert consensus on nomenclature of ocular structures.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAgreement on nomenclature of ocular structures, with consensus defined as at least 80% expert agreement.ResultsA multinational group of 14 experts (mean [SD] age, 46.1 [7.8] years; 10 male [71%]) participated in the consensus process. Scoping review findings resulted in the generation of 45 terms for the annotation of identifiable structures. After presentation of multiple image annotations representing these structures, consensus was reached for 31 terms across 7 images. There was consensus on the use of standardized descriptive terms from the Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FCAT) alongside established eponymous terms. There was absence of consensus on annotations and visualization of structures within less optically accessible areas, such as the episcleral and scleral vasculature.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this survey study describe international, multidisciplinary consensus on terminology for ocular structures identifiable in AS-OCT images and present representative annotated images for reference use. Future expansion of nomenclature and annotation are anticipated, facilitated by advances in imaging technology. Follow-up consensus exercises should consider consensus-based terminology and annotations of pathological structural changes.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144850876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semaglutide and the Eyes-A Literature Glut, but Little Clarity.","authors":"Tianjing Li,Riaz Qureshi,Prem S Subramanian","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2493","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144850878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing Consensual Terms of AS-OCT Anatomical Landmarks.","authors":"Poemen P Chan,Julia Y Chan,Carol Y Cheung","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2768","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144850877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omidenepag Isopropyl-Associated Cystoid Macular Edema After Trabeculectomy.","authors":"Dinah Zur,Rony Rachmiel","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2694","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144791921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostaglandin EP2 Receptor and Cystoid Macular Edema in Phakic Posttrabeculectomy Eyes.","authors":"Ming-Hsuan Cheng,De-Kuang Hwang,Catherine Jui-Ling Liu","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2490","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceOmidenepag isopropyl (OMDI), a prostaglandin EP2 receptor agonist, effectively reduces intraocular pressure but has a known risk of cystoid macular edema (CME), particularly in pseudophakic and aphakic eyes. Its safety profile in patients with phakic eyes, especially those with prior glaucoma surgery, warrants clarification.ObjectiveTo provide clinical characteristics and disease course of CME associated with OMDI use in patients with phakic eyes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a retrospective medical record review of patients at a tertiary medical center seen between March 1, 2023, and March 31, 2024. The study included patients who were treated with OMDI following the introduction of OMDI eye drops at the institution. Data were analyzed on December 6, 2024.ExposuresTopical OMDI ophthalmic solution, 0.002%, administered once daily.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMedical records were assessed on December 6, 2024, to characterize clinical findings before and after onset of OMDI-related CME, including ophthalmic examinations, optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging findings, and treatment strategies, as well as time to anatomic recovery and visual acuity outcomes.ResultsA total of 836 patients with phakic eyes were treated with OMDI, of whom 86 had a history of trabeculectomy. CME developed in 8 eyes from 6 patients with prior trabeculectomy (age range, 41-61 years; median, 52.5 years), all occurring between 6 and 11 months after treatment initiation. During the study, the follow-up period after OMDI initiation was less than 6 months in 366 patients, 6 to less than 12 months in 419 cases, and 12 months or more in 51 patients. Baseline visual acuities with correction (range, 6/6 [20/20] to counting fingers), measured with the tumbling E chart, declined by 0 to 3 lines following CME onset. Three eyes received topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment, 2 eyes required systemic corticosteroids, and 3 eyes recovered by discontinuing OMDI alone without additional therapy. Visual acuities, after CME resolved, ranged from 6/6 (20/20) to counting fingers at 28 to 91 days after discontinuing OMDI. Among the CME cases, postresolution follow-up ranged from 5.5 to 12 months, with no recurrence observed during this period.Conclusions and RelevanceCystoid macular edema can develop after initiating OMDI in patients with phakic eyes with a history of trabeculectomy prior to initiating OMDI. Further studies would be needed to understand the magnitude of this association and risk factors for this finding.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144791927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mammalian Target Rapamycin Inhibition as a Therapeutic Target for Prevention of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy.","authors":"Amer F Alsoudi,Asad Loya,Karen Wai,Euna Koo,Christina Y Weng,Prithvi Mruthyunjaya,Ehsan Rahimy","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2497","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceThe use of systemic mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor (MTI) therapy may confer benefits against the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).ObjectiveTo examine the use of systemic MTI therapy for the prevention of PVR among patients who underwent initial retinal detachment (RD) repair.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective cohort study aggregating deidentified electronic health record data from January 2003 to January 2025, from 15 countries. The study included 681 patients who underwent primary RD repair while receiving systemic MTI therapy at least 3 months before and 1 year after initial RD repair. This cohort was compared with a control group of 47 626 patients never exposed to systemic mTOR inhibition. After propensity score matching, outcomes from 681 patients in each cohort were analyzed after 1 year following their initial RD surgery.ExposuresPatients were stratified by use of systemic mTOR therapy or not using RxNorm code.Main Outcome and MeasuresRelative risk (RR) of developing a PVR-related RD and requiring a subsequent ocular intervention including pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), and complex RD repair within 6 months and 1 year of follow-up. Patients who underwent initial RD repair while receiving systemic MTI therapy were separately compared with a matched cohort of patients with concomitant use of systemic methotrexate (MTX) for the same measures at 6 months and 1 year.ResultsA total of 681 and 47 626 patients who underwent initial RD repair with concomitant use of an MTI or not, respectively, were identified prior to PSM. The mean (SD) age in the MTI cohort was 66.5 (15.4) years; 319 (46.8%) were female and 319 (46.8%) were male. In the control cohort, the mean (SD) age was 64.5 (17.6) years; 16 140 (33.9%) were female and 27 858 (58.5%) were male. At 1 year, concomitant use of systemic MTI therapy was associated with a decreased risk of developing a subsequent RD (RR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.36-0.94; P = .03) compared with matched patients who underwent initial RD repair without exposure to systemic MTI therapy. Moreover, concomitant use of systemic MTI therapy was associated with a decreased risk of requiring subsequent PPV (RR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.40-0.82; P < .001) and complex RD repair (RR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.40-0.91; P = .01) when compared with matched patients who underwent initial RD repair without exposure to systemic MTI therapy at 1 year. There was no difference in the development of subsequent RD and need for PPV or complex RD repair when comparing patients who underwent initial RD repair with concomitant systemic MTI therapy to a matched cohort of patients with concomitant use of systemic MTX therapy at 6 months and 1 year.Conclusion and RelevancePatients who underwent initial RD repair and were concomitantly being treated with systemic MTI therapy were less likely to develop a subsequent PVR-related RD compared with matched patients not exposed to systemic MTI therapy. Future studi","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144791919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capsular Tension Ring Implantation for Intraocular Lens Position: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Haowen Lin, Yu Zhang, Xiaohang Xie, Xuhua Tan, Ling Jin, Jiaqing Zhang, Lixia Luo, Yizhi Liu","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1623","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>There is currently no consensus regarding the association of capsular tension ring (CTR) on intraocular lens (IOL) position or the indications for its implantation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the association of CTR implantation on IOL position.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from their inception to October 18, 2024.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or prospective cohorts reporting the effect or association of CTR on postoperative anterior chamber depth (ACD), IOL decentration, tilt, or rotation.</p><p><strong>Data extraction and synthesis: </strong>Data extraction was conducted by 2 reviewers and verified by another for accuracy. Mean difference (MD) was used to synthesize the effect measures, and subgroup analyses were conducted according to IOL haptic design (C-loop and plate haptic) and whether the patient had high myopia.</p><p><strong>Main outcome and measures: </strong>Postoperative ACD and IOL decentration, tilt, and rotation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 11 RCTs and 7 cohort studies, involving 809 eyes with CTR and 822 eyes without CTR, were included in this meta-analysis. The analysis revealed that IOL tilt (MD, -1.04°; 95% CI, -2.05° to -0.03°; P = .04) and rotation (MD, -0.82°; 95% CI, -1.27° to -0.37°; P < .001) were smaller in the CTR group compared with the control group. The subgroup analysis of ACD (I2 = 70.7%; P = .03), decentration (I2 = 66.5%, P = .08), and tilt (I2 = 76.7%, P = .01) revealed a heterogeneity between the subgroups stratified according to IOL haptic design. Additionally, subgroup analysis demonstrated that CTR group showed a deeper ACD in eyes implanted with plate haptic IOLs (MD, 0.11 mm; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.20 mm; P = .01), and a smaller IOL tilt in highly myopic eyes (MD, -1.43°; 95% CI, -2.59° to -0.26°; P = .02) compared with the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>CTR implantation was associated with enhanced stability of IOL rotation in this meta-analysis, while only reducing IOL tilt in high myopia. While the direct clinical relevance of these results could not be determined from this investigation, these findings provide evidence supporting use of CTR implantation when toric IOLs have been implanted or with high myopia, although a hyperopic refractive shift after implantation of plate haptic IOLs may require target refraction adjustment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"643-651"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transparency in Ophthalmology Markets.","authors":"Sean T Berkowitz, Sumit Sharma, Katherine E Talcott","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2024","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"707-708"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Risk of Systemic Complement Activation With Time to Progression to Advanced Age-Related Macular Degeneration.","authors":"Anne M Lynch, Nathan C Grove, Brandie D Wagner, Alan G Palestine, V Michael Holers, Ashley A Frazer-Abel, Ramya Gnanaraj, Andres Lisker-Cervantes, Jennifer L Patnaik, Talisa E de Carlo Forest, Emily A Auer, Arden J McReynolds, Marc T Mathias, Niranjan Manoharan, Santiago Rodriquez De Cordoba, Naresh Mandava","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1608","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.1608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Understanding the relationship between longitudinally measured systemic complement factors and intermediate AMD (iAMD) progression may enable the introduction of systemic therapeutics earlier in the disease course, before vision loss occurs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the contribution of longitudinal measures of systemic complement factors and ratios to time to progression to advanced AMD (geographic atrophy [GA] or neovascular AMD [NVAMD]).</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This cohort study was conducted at Sue Anschutz Rodgers Eye Center, Aurora, Colorado, from 2014 to 2022. Participants were patients with iAMD and at least 1 month of follow-up. Data analysis was performed from September to December 2024.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>Complement factors.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Time to progression to advanced AMD, either GA or NVAMD. Joint models were used to estimate the relationship between the exposures and the outcomes. The hazard ratio (HR) was a measure of association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 325 participants, the mean (SD) age was 76 (7.0) years; 212 participants (65%) were female and 113 (35%) male. During the 8-year follow-up period (mean, 3.9 years), 110 participants (34%) progressed to any advanced AMD. Sixty-four participants (20%) progressed to GA and 46 (14%) to NVAMD. Higher systemic levels of C4 (HR, 6.8; 95% credible interval [CrI], 1.7-26.2; P = .03), C4b (HR, 60.4; 95% CrI, 6.5-544; P < .001), C3a/C3 (HR, 49.4; 95% CrI, 5.2-675; P < .001), C5a/C5 (HR, 29.3; 95% CrI, 4.8-258; P < .001), sC5b-9/C5 (HR, 297; 95% CrI, 10-14 877; P = .003), and factor I (HR, 525.9; 95% CrI, 5.5-107 589; P = .02) were associated with shorter time to progression to any AMD. Levels of C3a/C3 (HR, 9.5; 95% CrI, 1.9-55.9; P = .01) and C5a/C5 (HR, 28.6; 95% CrI, 5.7-157.9; P < .001) were associated with the hazard of GA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Continued dysregulation of complement pathways appears to increase the hazard of iAMD progression. This supports the possibility of identifying a high-risk group of patients with iAMD for personalized ophthalmic care and targeted treatments to attenuate the risk of iAMD progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"634-642"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}