IntraVital最新文献_第4页

Bacterial challenge initiates endosome-lysosome response in Drosophila immune tissues 细菌攻击启动果蝇免疫组织内溶酶体反应

IntraVital Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4161/intv.23889

A. Sorvina, D. Brooks, Y. Ng, C. Bader, R. Weigert, T. Shandala

{"title":"Bacterial challenge initiates endosome-lysosome response in Drosophila immune tissues","authors":"A. Sorvina, D. Brooks, Y. Ng, C. Bader, R. Weigert, T. Shandala","doi":"10.4161/intv.23889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/intv.23889","url":null,"abstract":"An effective innate immune response is critical for the protection of an organism against pathogen and environmental challenge. There is emerging evidence that an effective immune response depends heavily on the traffic and function of endosomes and lysosomes. However, there is very little understanding of the dynamics of an innate immune response, especially in vivo. Toward this aim, we have used two-photon microscopy to visualize the response to bacterial infection of the endosome-lysosome system in immune response tissues using intact Drosophila larvae. First, we set up the conditions to image intact larva in vivo and more specifically GFP-labeled endosomes-lysosomes in the fat body, and compared their distribution and size with those in tissue explanted ex vivo. Notably, we observed significant expansion of both Rab5 and Rab7 endosomal compartments upon both tissue isolation and minor aseptic wounding, indicating significant differences between live and explanted tissue. We also observed changes in endosome-lysosome vesicles within internal immune response tissues following in vivo bacterial infection by the oral route (to avoid a wounding response). We conclude that there are significant changes to the architecture of endosomes and lysosomes during an innate immune response, setting the scene for mechanistic studies to identify the signaling pathways that orchestrate this process.","PeriodicalId":14512,"journal":{"name":"IntraVital","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83368740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Intravital imaging of a spheroid-based orthotopic model of melanoma in the mouse ear skin. 基于球体的小鼠耳皮肤原位黑色素瘤模型的活体成像。

IntraVital Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.4161/intv.25805

Keefe T Chan, Stephen W Jones, Hailey E Brighton, Tao Bo, Shelly D Cochran, Norman E Sharpless, James E Bear

引用次数: 14

Intravital imaging reveals conversion between distinct tumor vascular morphologies and localized vascular response to Sunitinib 活体成像显示不同肿瘤血管形态和局部血管对舒尼替尼的反应之间的转换

IntraVital Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4161/intv.24790

C. Manning, Robert P. Jenkins, S. Hooper, H. Gerhardt, R. Marais, Susanne Adams, R. Adams, J. van Rheenen, E. Sahai

{"title":"Intravital imaging reveals conversion between distinct tumor vascular morphologies and localized vascular response to Sunitinib","authors":"C. Manning, Robert P. Jenkins, S. Hooper, H. Gerhardt, R. Marais, Susanne Adams, R. Adams, J. van Rheenen, E. Sahai","doi":"10.4161/intv.24790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/intv.24790","url":null,"abstract":"Tumour vasculature is abnormal and heterogeneous. However, tumor vessel development and dynamics are not well understood. Here we use intravital imaging to study intra-tumoral heterogeneity in endothelial cell dynamics, vascular network growth and morphology and response to Sunitinib anti-angiogenic therapy. We show three main categories of vascular network organization: relatively well organized vessels within the tumor, sprouting networks at the tumor margin with dynamic filopodial and bleb-like protrusions and more tortuous vessels further from the tumor. Longitudinal imaging using windows demonstrates that sprouting margin vessels can give rise to either relatively well ordered intra-tumoral vessels or highly tortuous margin vessels. Further vascular response to Sunitinib anti-angiogenic therapy is heterogeneous. Although treatment with Sunitinib reduces overall tumor vascular density and slows tumor growth, Sunitinib has no significant effect on the sprouting behavior of endothelial cells at the tumor margin. Therefore, within tumors that are broadly responsive to Sunitinib, there are pre-existing refractory microenvironments. These microenvironments have increased protease activity and CXCL12, FGF-2, HGF expression. We propose that these micro-environments may account for the partial and heterogeneous response to anti-angiogenic therapy in the clinical setting.","PeriodicalId":14512,"journal":{"name":"IntraVital","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78826466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Four-dimensional microglia response to anti-Aβ treatment in APP/PS1xCX3CR1/GFP mice. APP/PS1xCX3CR1/GFP小鼠对抗a β治疗的四维小胶质细胞反应

IntraVital Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.4161/intv.25693

Monica Garcia-Alloza, Laura A Borrelli, Diana H Thyssen, Suzanne E Hickman, Joseph El Khoury, Brian J Bacskai

{"title":"Four-dimensional microglia response to anti-Aβ treatment in APP/PS1xCX3CR1/GFP mice.","authors":"Monica Garcia-Alloza, Laura A Borrelli, Diana H Thyssen, Suzanne E Hickman, Joseph El Khoury, Brian J Bacskai","doi":"10.4161/intv.25693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/intv.25693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Senile plaques, mainly composed of amyloid-β (Aβ), are a major hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD), and immunotherapy is a leading therapeutic approach for Aβ clearance. Although the ultimate mechanisms for Aβ clearance are not well known, characteristic microglia clusters are observed in the surround of senile plaques, and are implicated both in the elimination of Aβ as well as the deleterious inflammatory effects observed in AD patients after active immunization. Therefore, analyzing the direct effect of immunotherapy on microglia, using longitudinal in vivo multiphoton microscopy can provide important information regarding the role of microglia in immunotherapy. While microglia were observed to surround senile plaques, topical anti-Aβ antibody administration, which led to a reduction in plaque size, directed microglia toward senile plaques, and the overall size of microglia and number of processes were increased. In some cases, we observed clusters of microglia in areas of the brain that did not have detectable amyloid aggregates, but this did not predict the deposition of new plaques in the area within a week of imaging, indicating that microglia react to but do not precipitate amyloid aggregation. The long-term presence of large microglial clusters in the surrounding area of senile plaques suggests that microglia cannot effectively remove Aβ unless anti-Aβ antibody is administered. All together, these data suggest that although there is a role for microglia in Aβ clearance, it requires an intervention like immunotherapy to be effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":14512,"journal":{"name":"IntraVital","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/intv.25693","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35443790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Multiphoton microscopy as a tool to study ovarian vasculature in vivo 多光子显微镜作为一种研究卵巢血管系统的工具

IntraVital Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4161/intv.24334

Fernando F. Migone, R. Cowan, Rebecca M. Williams, W. Zipfel, S. Quirk

引用次数: 2

In vivo imaging of the neurovascular unit in CNS disease. 中枢神经系统疾病中神经血管单元的体内成像。

IntraVital Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.4161/intv.22214

Mario Merlini, Dimitrios Davalos, Katerina Akassoglou

引用次数: 15

In vivo tracking of hematopoietic cells in the retina of chimeric mice with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope 扫描激光检眼镜对嵌合小鼠视网膜内造血细胞的体内追踪

IntraVital Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.4161/intv.23561

C. Alt, J. Runnels, G. S. Teo, Charles P. Lin

{"title":"In vivo tracking of hematopoietic cells in the retina of chimeric mice with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope","authors":"C. Alt, J. Runnels, G. S. Teo, Charles P. Lin","doi":"10.4161/intv.23561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/intv.23561","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the effect of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) on retinal cell turnover by performing simultaneous cell tracking of native microglia and engrafting donor bone marrow-derived cell (BMDC) populations in the retinae of live mice using a custom-built multi-color confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) specifically developed for murine retinal imaging. CX3CR1GFP/+ mice whose retinal microglia express the green fluorescent protein (GFP) were exposed to a lethal dose of gamma radiation and subsequently rescued with bone marrow cells from universal DsRed donor mice. Over a time course of four months after the irradiation and BMT, progressive loss of GFP+ microglia was accompanied by delayed engraftment of DsRed+ BMDC. Morphologic examination revealed that the remaining GFP+ microglia were ramified, while engrafting DsRed+ cells exhibited both ramification and dendriform shape. Leukocyte endothelial interaction, normally absent in healthy retinal vasculature, was observed even after three months, indicating sustained inflammation long after the radiation exposure. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated that the blood-retina barrier is compromised early after irradiation. In vivo imaging provides a powerful means to study dynamic cellular processes over a broad range of timescales from seconds to months that have previously not been accessible by ex vivo analysis.","PeriodicalId":14512,"journal":{"name":"IntraVital","volume":"29 1","pages":"132 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88644595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Novel in vivo imaging techniques for the liver microvasculature 肝脏微血管的活体成像新技术

IntraVital Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.4161/intv.23423

Mynthia Cabrera, U. Frevert

引用次数: 10

Motion compensation using a suctioning stabilizer for intravital microscopy. 活体显微术中使用吸吸稳定器的运动补偿。

IntraVital Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.4161/intv.23017

Claudio Vinegoni, Sungon Lee, Rostic Gorbatov, Ralph Weissleder

引用次数: 29

In vivo assessment of the pulmonary microcirculation in elastase-induced emphysema using probe-based confocal fluorescence microscopy 用探针共聚焦荧光显微镜观察弹性酶诱导肺气肿的肺微循环

IntraVital Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.4161/intv.23471

M. Salaün, R. Modzelewski, J. Marie, S. Moreno-Swirc, G. Bourg-Heckly, L. Thiberville

{"title":"In vivo assessment of the pulmonary microcirculation in elastase-induced emphysema using probe-based confocal fluorescence microscopy","authors":"M. Salaün, R. Modzelewski, J. Marie, S. Moreno-Swirc, G. Bourg-Heckly, L. Thiberville","doi":"10.4161/intv.23471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/intv.23471","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The alveolar capillary bed, which appears essential for the maintenance of alveolar septa, is altered in pulmonary emphysema. Until recently, techniques that allow its analysis in vivo in spontaneously breathing conditions were lacking. Fibered confocal fluorescence microscopy (FCFM) is a new technique that enables distal lung microstructures imaging in vivo. FCFM can be coupled with I.V fluorescein injection to image the pulmonary capillary network. The aim of this study was to assess the lung microcirculation in vivo using FCFM and I.V fluorescein in rats with experimental emphysema. Results: In vivo pulmonary microcirculation imaging was possible in 7/7 elastase animals and in 6/7 controls. Using FCFM, intercapillary distances and alveolar facets diameters were found significantly higher in the elastase group compared with controls (49.5 vs. 41.8 µm p < 0.001, and 118.5 vs. 95.1 µm p < 0.001, respectively). Ex vivo mean interwall distance (MIWD) was correlated with the alveolar facets diameters measured in vivo (rs = 0.65 ; p = 0.016). Methods: 14 Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to intratracheal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase (n = 7) or saline (n = 7). The subpleural microcirculation was assessed using FCFM in spontaneously breathing rats, through a 2mm thoracic window using a continuous aspiration system, after I.V. injection of fluorescein-dextran. FCFM sequences were recorded and the image analysis was performed separately by two observers, blindly to the animal group. Fluorescence intensity (FI), maximal intercapillary distances, and alveolar facets diameters measured with FCFM were compared between groups, and to ex vivo lung morphometric measurements (MIWD). Conclusion: FCFM allows the quantitative assessment of the microcirculation alterations due to emphysema in vivo.","PeriodicalId":14512,"journal":{"name":"IntraVital","volume":"50 1","pages":"122 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91525013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7