Italian Journal of Food Safety最新文献

{"title":"Incidence rates of tumors in dogs in southern Italy - focus on the Campania region - 2018/2022.","authors":"Maria Ottaiano, Loredana Baldi, Veronica Del Monaco, Roberta Brunetti, Roberta Pellicanò, Stefania Cavallo, Rosa D'Ambrosio, Federica Gargano, Maria Dimatteo, Marianna D'Amore, Guido Rosato, Marina Pompameo, Barbara Degli Uberti, Esterina De Carlo","doi":"10.4081/ijfs.2025.13402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2025.13402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neoplastic disease in dogs and humans has many similarities, including similar clinical manifestations, metastatic potential, and genomic instability. However, tumor latency is shorter in dogs, which may serve as a sentinel for the identification of carcinogenic environmental exposures. This study aims to describe the data collected in the Animal Tumor Registry (RTA) of the Campania Region in the period 2018-2022, with particular attention to the incidence rates of malignant tumors in dogs, divided by province. RTA tumor cases received by the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno were analyzed; out of a total of 885 tumors, 70% were malignant, with a higher frequency in female dogs. The crude and standardized incidence rate of malignant tumors in dogs was calculated on a provincial basis. Caserta showed the highest incidence rate for both malignant tumors [incidence rate: 135.07 per 100,000; 95% confidence interval (CI): 135.01-135.13] and mammary tumors (incidence rate: 52.75 per 100,000; 95% CI: 52.69-52.80). The results highlight the importance of tumor monitoring in dogs as an indicator of potential environmental risk factors and underline the value of the RTA for the collection of data useful for the prevention and study of neoplastic diseases, also in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":14508,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Food Safety","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between the occurrence of subclinical mastitis and milk quality in medium-sized Holstein cow farms in Albania.","authors":"Renis Maçi, Roland Meçaj, Majlind Sulçe, Florian Plaku, Artan Xhafa, Enkelejda Sallaku, Xhelil Koleci, Myqerem Tafaj","doi":"10.4081/ijfs.2025.13748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2025.13748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subclinical mastitis (SCM) reduces both milk production and milk quality. In this study, the prevalence of SCM, as determined by the California Mastitis Test (CMT), was analyzed in relation to lactation year, milk density, lactose content, electrical conductivity, and fat content at both the individual cow level and the farm level. The focus was on the overall prevalence of CMT-positive cases within the farms and the mean values of physicochemical changes in milk for each farm. A total of 711 udder quarters from 178 Holstein cows across nine dairy farms were sampled at three intervals during lactation (i.e., in three lactation periods). The number of cows per farm ranged from 21 to 140, covering various lactation stages. A CMT score of 1+ in any quarter was considered SCM-positive. The significance and correlation of SCM's impact on changes in physicochemical milk parameters were analyzed using a robust compound regression. Prevalence of SCM was found to be between 0.14 and 0.63. High prevalence of SCM showed a significant increase in milk conductivity and a significant decrease in milk lactose, protein, solid non-fat (SNF) content, and density. The prevalence of mild and severe SCM varied across different seasons and lactation stages (p<0.05). Significant correlations (p<0.05) between lactation year, lactose content, electrical conductivity, SNF content, and protein were measured at the farm level using a milk analyzer and compared with SCM (R^2=0.28; R^2=0.41; R^2=0.26; R^2=0.36; R^2=0.39). These findings suggest that physicochemical milk parameters, which are routinely measured in Albanian dairies, can serve as an effective early-warning indicator for dairy farms to detect potential cases of SCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":14508,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Food Safety","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring antimicrobial drug residues in an antibiotic-free poultry supply chain.","authors":"Dalia Curci, Luigi Danesi, Giulia Rampazzo, Maria Nobile, Sergio Ghidini, Luca Chiesa, Francesco Arioli, Sara Panseri","doi":"10.4081/ijfs.2025.13678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2025.13678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With poultry consumption projected to rise significantly, understanding the presence and control of antimicrobial residues in poultry products becomes increasingly important for ensuring food safety and public health. Consequently, in the present study, the incidence and concentration of antimicrobial drugs in 919 samples, all from an antibiotic-free poultry supply chain, were investigated using a high-pressure liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry multiclass antimicrobic residue method, involving a wide range of matrices (water, feed, feathers, livers, muscles, eggs, and retail products, such as chicken nuggets, chicken drumsticks, chicken breast, and chicken thighs) to verify not only the compliance with Regulation 37/2010, but also to investigate the possible administration of antimicrobial drugs or potential bad farm management in the antibiotic-free supply chain. Antimicrobial drug residues were detected in 4% of all the analyzed samples, with concentrations ranging from < detection capability to 57.87 ng g-1, but no residues were detected in muscles, livers, eggs, and retail products (chicken nuggets, chicken drumsticks, chicken breast, and chicken thighs). While the absence of antimicrobic residues in these matrices suggests compliance with maximum residue limits set by Regulation 37/2010 and a framework of substantial safety towards consumers, the presence of antimicrobic residues in drinking water, feathers, and feed, considering the provenience from an antibiotic-free supply chain, highlights the importance of the ongoing monitoring activities to ensure that the results align with antibiotic-free product certification standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":14508,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Food Safety","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EN 1785:2003 method for the identification of ionizing treatment in poultry meat products: optimization of the accelerated solvent extraction procedure.","authors":"Maria Campaniello, Rosalia Zianni, Andrea Chiappinelli, Annalisa Mentana, Valeria Nardelli","doi":"10.4081/ijfs.2025.13501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2025.13501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>X-ray irradiation is a non-thermal technology used for food preservation and sanitization to prolong shelf life. To evaluate the fraudulent use of X-ray treatment, in this study, an accelerated solvent extraction method was optimized for the extraction of lipids and 2-dodecylcyclobutanone (2-DCB), reducing analysis time and solvent consumption compared to Soxhlet extraction reported in the standard EN 1785:2003 method. The qualitative confirmation method was tested on different processed poultry meats, i.e., sausages and hamburgers, irradiated at different dose levels, that is, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 kGy. The analytical parameters investigated, namely method linearity, selectivity, minimum dose level, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, and recovery, showed that the proposed method is suitable for routine analysis in official controls to determine 2-DCB as an irradiation marker.</p>","PeriodicalId":14508,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Food Safety","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary evaluation of the hygienic level of refrigerated vacuum-packed wild boar meat.","authors":"Caterina Altissimi, Mathieu Venuto, Marta Coppini, Raffaella Branciari, Rossana Roila, Sonia Esposto, David Ranucci","doi":"10.4081/ijfs.2025.13453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2025.13453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wild boar meat is usually available frozen, but the catering industry is also interested in fresh vacuum-chilled meat. This work aims to evaluate the hygienic level of vacuum-packed and refrigerated game meat [Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle] and to investigate the existence of relationships with other parameters measured at the game handling establishment (GHE). The pH of the LD muscle and carcass surface contamination [aerobic colony count (ACC) and Enterobacteriaceae (EC)] were measured on 12 wild boar regularly processed at a local GHE. Subsequently, 2 cm-thick steaks were taken from the LD muscle at a cutting plant from the same subjects sampled at the GHE and individually vacuum sealed and stored at 2°C for 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. The meat was analyzed for ACC and EC at each storage time and for Escherichia coli β-glucosidase + counts at 21 days. The mean final pH value of the muscle samples was 5.6, and the ACC and EC carcass surface average load was 2.54 and 0.79 Log CFU/cm2, respectively. Meat preparations at 21 days had ACC, EC, and E. coli mean values of 5.80, 3.13, and 2.03 Log CFU/g, respectively. Pearson's analysis showed a significant positive correlation between pH and ACC at day 1 and between EC on carcasses and meat at day 1. The results confirm that if the pH of meat is high, the development of microorganisms is favored, and, therefore, a shorter shelf life is expected. Furthermore, the EC on carcasses seems to be a good index for estimating the hygienic level of the obtained meat.</p>","PeriodicalId":14508,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Food Safety","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of official controls and voluntary certifications in ensuring food safety compliance: a review.","authors":"Mauro Conter, Martina Rega, Luca Lamperti, Laura Andriani, Cristina Bacci, Silvia Bonardi","doi":"10.4081/ijfs.2025.13452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2025.13452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regulation (EU) 625/2017 emphasizes prevention over inspection, assigning primary responsibility for food safety to the food business operator. At the same time, official control systems ensure compliance with the European Union regulations. In recent years, voluntary third-party assurance programs have emerged as a complement to public regulations. This review explores their role, advantages, and challenges within this evolving regulatory landscape. Private standards have expanded rapidly in response to consumer demand for safer and more ethically produced food. While these certifications offer benefits, they also pose challenges, requiring continuous oversight and potential harmonization to ensure reliability. Some European countries now integrate private standards into official controls, recognizing their potential to strengthen regulatory frameworks. Certified food safety management systems, such as the British Retail Consortium or ISO 22000, can complement official control by improving compliance and efficiency. However, discrepancies between official inspections and third-party audits persist, necessitating careful coordination. To ensure effective integration, competent authorities must monitor the performance of private systems through audits and random checks. Despite some challenges, integrating private systems into official controls could be mutually beneficial. Future advancements will depend on effective collaboration among policymakers, industry, regulatory agencies, and other stakeholders, fostering a more robust food safety system.</p>","PeriodicalId":14508,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Food Safety","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated shelf-life assessment of moringa-fortified instant complementary food for infants aged 6-11 months based on microbial parameters.","authors":"Zakaria Zakaria, Nursalim Nursalim, Andi Toewo Titi Za","doi":"10.4081/ijfs.2025.13608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2025.13608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Instant powdered complementary food is a commercial product designed to meet the nutritional needs of infants aged 6-11 months. This study aimed to determine the shelf life of instant powdered complementary food products fortified with moringa flour using semi-aluminum foil packaging based on microbial and mold growth parameters. The product was prepared from a mixture of ingredients such as wheat flour, mocaf flour, soybean flour, chicken eggs, ultra-high temperature milk, and vegetable oil, according to the SNI 01-7111.1-2005 standards. The study used the accelerated shelf-life testing method with the Arrhenius equation model, storing the products at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C for 28 days. Results showed that total microbial and mold counts increased significantly at 30°C and 40°C over 28 days, while storage at 50°C led to a decline in microbial counts and slower mold growth. Using the Arrhenius-based first-order model, the predicted shelf life increased with temperature, reaching up to 92.7 days based on microbial growth and 40.8 days based on mold growth at 50°C. This trend is attributed to the lower reaction rate constants (k values) at higher temperatures, indicating slower deterioration. However, since mold growth was the limiting factor, the shortest shelf-life estimate, 33.5 days at 30°C, should be considered for practical labeling. It is therefore recommended to store moringa-fortified instant complementary food packaged in semi-aluminum foil at or below 30°C to suppress microbial activity and maintain product safety and quality throughout its shelf life. These results highlight the importance of temperature control in extending the product's microbial stability and suggest further real-time studies to validate shelf life under typical storage conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14508,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Food Safety","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidisciplinary management of a norovirus outbreak in Tuscany, Italy.","authors":"Clara Girardi, Lucia Kundisova, Francesca Marconi, Alessandra Guidi, Johanna Alexandra Iamarino, Veronica Gallinoro, Silvia Mele, Giovanni Nardone, Maurizio Grani, Giovanni Munaò, Luca Cianti, Paola Picciolli, Ylenia Zizzo, Loria Bianchi, Martina Sartoni","doi":"10.4081/ijfs.2025.13521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2025.13521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Norovirus (NoV) is one of the most frequent agents responsible for foodborne outbreaks. Transmission occurs through the consumption of contaminated food or water or via contact with contaminated surfaces. The low infectious dose and high environmental resistance of the virus facilitate its spread within communities and healthcare settings, complicating epidemiological investigations. This study aims to highlight the management strategies and key entities involved in outbreak response, emphasizing the importance of coordinated efforts to share best practices. The outbreak occurred in Tuscany in April 2024 and affected multiple school groups. The response team was activated in accordance with guidelines for managing foodborne diseases and comprised various public health authorities. The team undertook a series of coordinated actions, including epidemiological investigation, official controls, sampling, and analysis of relevant matrices to identify high-risk foods. Food and water samples collected during the official inspection at the accommodation facility involved in the outbreak during the first wave were tested for potential pathogenic bacteria. Additionally, fecal samples from ten hospitalized cases were analyzed for pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Among all these analyses, only the fecal samples from the examined cases tested positive for NoV genogroups GI and GII. In light of these results, during the second wave, food and water were tested again for the same potential pathogenic bacteria and for the presence of NoV. Furthermore, NoV was investigated in staff fecal samples and environmental surfaces. A total of four fecal samples from staff and two environmental swabs tested positive for NoV genogroups GI and GII. Our multidisciplinary investigation suggests that an initial foodborne transmission may have led to environmental contamination. This finding underscores the critical role of food safety culture in outbreak prevention and control. To reduce the risk of viral gastroenteritis, specific awareness initiatives and training programs should be offered to both food sector operators and the general public.</p>","PeriodicalId":14508,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Food Safety","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144266215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of ozonated water's efficacy in sanitizing surfaces in a processed fishery products industry.","authors":"Chiara Di Vittori, Massimo Monti, Gianluigi Ferri, Annarita Festino, Alberto Vergara","doi":"10.4081/ijfs.2025.13569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2025.13569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In response to the modern consumer demands for safe and high-quality food, industries are adopting innovative decontamination methods. Ozone emerges as a promising one, being economical, safe, and chemical-free. It effectively inactivates bacteria, molds, yeasts, parasites, and viruses with short contact times and at low concentrations. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of ozonated water as an eco-friendly, chemical-free, and safe alternative to conventional sanitizers in the processed fishery products industry. More specifically, it compares ozonated-water efficacy with the company's standard method of sanitizing boxes used for soaking cod (spraying the boxes with hydrogen peroxide before placing them in the dishwasher) and its efficacy on boxes stored for 21 days after the standard sanitation. A total of 175 boxes were tested for microbial contamination. The standard sanitization method significantly reduced the microbial load on the boxes after their use compared to the ozone one, resulting in a reduction of 98.29% compared to 48.29% for total mesophilic count (TMC) and 97.96% compared to 37.32% for total psychrophilic count (TPC), respectively. On day 21, the ozonated water achieved a TMC reduction of 80.46% and 98.87% for the TPC on stored boxes. The percentage reduction given by ozonated water on stored boxes was higher than on dirty ones; the presence of organic matter reduces the sanitizing efficacy of ozone. Based on the obtained evidence, ozonated water would appear to be a good sanitation method for surfaces in the processed fishery products industry after adequate cleaning, contributing to the industry's push toward sustainable practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":14508,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Food Safety","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary results from monitoring perfluoroalkyl substance contamination in the livers of broiler chickens raised in Italy.","authors":"Giacomo Depau, Marco Zampiga, Giulia Rampazzo, Elisa Zironi, Federico Sirri, Giampiero Pagliuca, Teresa Gazzotti","doi":"10.4081/ijfs.2025.13520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2025.13520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of the analytical method proposed for the assessment of the amount of European Union (EU)-regulated perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in broiler chicken livers and to perform preliminary monitoring of hepatic contamination in chickens raised in Italy under different rearing systems. A total of 21 liver samples were analyzed, revealing widespread PFAS contamination, with perfluorooctanoic acid detected in all samples at 0.48-0.66 μg/kg. Perfluorononanoic acid and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid were also found, while perfluorooctanesulfonic acid contamination was observed only in specific samples. The total PFAS amount varied across groups, even though none of the samples exceeded the EU regulatory limits. The PFAS content in livers from rural free-range chickens tended to be higher than that of their indoor counterparts (upper bound: 0.83 vs. 0.67 µg/kg; lower bound: 0.87 vs. 0.71 µg/kg, respectively; p=0.08 and p=0.06), suggesting that access to outdoor environments is a key factor involved in PFAS contamination. Further monitoring across more diverse samples is needed to confirm these preliminary findings and define mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of PFAS contamination.</p>","PeriodicalId":14508,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Food Safety","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}