{"title":"One-step Macrocycle-to-Macrocycle Conversion Towards Two New Macrocyclic Arenes with Different Structures and Properties.","authors":"Xiao-Ni Han, Yu-Jie Long, Wei-Chen Guo, Ying Han, Chuan-Feng Chen","doi":"10.1002/chem.202403630","DOIUrl":"10.1002/chem.202403630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two new macrocyclic arenes H1 and H2 were conveniently synthesized by the one-step reaction of carboxylic acid substituted octopus[3]arene. It was found that H1 was composed of three ethenoanthracene subunits with a rigid hexagonal structure and H2 contained two ethenoanthracene subunits and one anthracene subunit with a rigid house-shaped structure. Among them, H2 exhibited strong blue fluorescence due to the existence of an anthracene subunit. Moreover, both H1 and H2 showed large and electron-rich cavities, which enable them to effectively complex different nitrogen-containing heterocyclic salt guests in solution and the solid state. It was further found that H2 exhibited stronger complexation towards the tested guests than H1 probably due to the stronger charge-transfer interactions between H2 and the guests.</p>","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e202403630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fan Zhang, Yuanming Li, Xi Zhou, Qiang Zhao, Xuelian Li, Feng-Lian Zhang, Yi-Feng Wang, Xiaoguo Zhou
{"title":"Quenching Rate Constants of Lewis Base-Boryl Radical by Substrates: a Laser Flash Photolysis Study.","authors":"Fan Zhang, Yuanming Li, Xi Zhou, Qiang Zhao, Xuelian Li, Feng-Lian Zhang, Yi-Feng Wang, Xiaoguo Zhou","doi":"10.1002/chem.202403949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202403949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advanced strategy using Lewis base-boryl radicals (LBRs) has recently been proposed for the addition of alkyl substituents to the full-carbon quaternary center of an organic molecule. However, as the rate-determining step in the whole route, reaction rate constants of LBRs with substrates are extremely lacking. In this paper, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)-BH2• was selected as a representative of LBRs, and its reactions with six monochloro-substituted substrates, including three methyl chlorobenzoates and three chlorinated acetanilides were studied in experiments and theoretical calculations. The bimolecular reaction rate constants, kq, were determined using laser flash photolysis approach. By comparing activation energies along the two addition pathways, we have clarified the rate-determining step as the attacking to carbonyl oxygen instead of chlorine atom. Furthermore, noncovalent interaction (NCI) analyses on these substrates indicate that weak interactions, such as hydrogen-bonding and van der Waals interactions, have significant influence on the reactivity of these substrates. Our study provides concrete clues to extend this synthetic strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e202403949"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Hashem Abdelmohsen, Sherif A El-Khodary, Nahla Ismail, Zhilong Song, Jiabiao Lian
{"title":"Basics and Advances of Manganese-Based Cathode Materials for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.","authors":"Ahmed Hashem Abdelmohsen, Sherif A El-Khodary, Nahla Ismail, Zhilong Song, Jiabiao Lian","doi":"10.1002/chem.202403425","DOIUrl":"10.1002/chem.202403425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is greatly crucial to develop low-cost energy storage candidates with high safety and stability to replace alkali metal systems for a sustainable future. Recently, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have received tremendous interest owing to their low cost, high safety, wide oxidation states, and sophisticated fabrication process. Nanostructured manganese (Mn)-based oxides in different polymorphs are the potential cathode materials for the widespread application of ZIBs. However, Mn-based oxide materials suffer from several drawbacks, such as low electronic/ionic conductivity and poor cycling performance. To overcome these issues, various structural modification strategies have been adopted to enhance their electrochemical activity, including phase/defect engineering, doping with foreign atoms (e. g., metal and/or nonmetal atoms), and coupling with carbon materials or conducting polymers. Herein, this review targets to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the above-mentioned strategies to improve the electrochemical performance of the cathodic part of ZIBs. The challenges and suggestions for the development of manganese oxides for ZIBs are put forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e202403425"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenming Li, Pascal Mai, Niclas Festag, Anja Marinow, Wolfgang H Binder
{"title":"Proximity Effects and Aggregation of Hamilton-Receptor Barbiturate Host-Guest Complexes Probed by Cross-Metathesis and ESI MS Analysis.","authors":"Chenming Li, Pascal Mai, Niclas Festag, Anja Marinow, Wolfgang H Binder","doi":"10.1002/chem.202403939","DOIUrl":"10.1002/chem.202403939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The molecular environment around supramolecular bonding systems significantly affects their stability and the assembly of host-guest complexes, most prominent for hydrogen bonds (H-bonds). Hamilton receptor-barbiturate host-guest complexes are well-known in solution, typically forming a 1 : 1 molar ratio complex. However, within a polymer matrix, these complexes can form higher-order assemblies, deviating from the standard 1 : 1 complex, which are challenging to characterize and often require lab-intensive methods. In this study, a novel Hamilton receptor (H) was equipped with cyclopentene moieties and used as a host to form host-guest complexes (H-B) with allobarbital (B), followed by covalent crosslinking. UV-Vis spectroscopy titration experiments in different solvents and at various temperatures revealed that polar solvents containing additional H-bonding sites significantly reduce the formation of the 1 : 1 H-B complex, as indicated by a reduced association constant. Higher-order aggregates (HH-dimer, HHH-trimer) were subsequently detected via an alkene cross-metathesis (CM) reaction to fix the assemblies covalently, followed by analysis via electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS). This two-step method, firstly via CM fixation followed by ESI MS, was extended to study the H-B model complex within a polyisobutylene (PIB) matrix, presenting a direct method to analyze the complex host-guest assembly in solvent-free (polymer) environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e202403939"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guo-Tong Du, Yi Wang, Teng-Long Liu, Zheng-Qi Yue, Ya-Nan Ma, Dong-Xu Xue
{"title":"Isoreticular Contraction in Dicopper Paddle-Wheel-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks to Enhance C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> Separation.","authors":"Guo-Tong Du, Yi Wang, Teng-Long Liu, Zheng-Qi Yue, Ya-Nan Ma, Dong-Xu Xue","doi":"10.1002/chem.202403478","DOIUrl":"10.1002/chem.202403478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Achieving a balance between high selectivity and uptake is a formidable challenge for the purification of acetylene from mixtures with carbon dioxide, particularly when seeking to maximize both C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity and C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> separation selectivity in crystalline porous materials. In this study, leveraging the principles of reticular chemistry, we selected two tetracarboxylate-based linkers and combined them with Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions to synthesize two isoreticular dicopper paddle-wheel-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs): Cu-TPTC (terphenyl-3,3',5,5'-tetracarboxylic acid, H<sub>4</sub>TPTC) and Cu-ABTC (3,3,5,5-azobenzenetetracarboxylic acid, H<sub>4</sub>ABTC). The structural and sorption analyses revealed that Cu-ABTC, despite having slightly smaller pores due to the strategic replacement of a phenyl ring with an azo group between two tetratopic ligands, maintains high porosity compared to Cu-TPTC. Furthermore, Cu-ABTC outperforms Cu-TPTC in terms of C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity (196 cm<sup>3</sup> g<sup>-1</sup> at 298 K and 1 bar) and C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> separation selectivity (16.5~5.6). These findings were corroborated by dynamic breakthrough experiments and computational modeling. This research highlights the potential of the isoreticular contraction strategy in enhancing MOFs for sophisticated gas adsorption and separation processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e202403478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of Clickable Isotactic Poly(vinyl ether)s through Organocatalytic Stereoselective Cationic Copolymerization.","authors":"Yun Liao, Xi Yan, Hui Zhu, Shuai Zhou, Saihu Liao","doi":"10.1002/chem.202403170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202403170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>By virtue of the high reliability of click chemistry, polymers with clickable groups provide a useful platform for the rapid synthesis of polymer materials with diverse functionalities and architectures. However, the polymerization of clickable vinyl monomers with a concurrent regulation on tacticity remains underdeveloped. Herein, we report the successful development of a stereoselective cationic copolymerization of C-C triple bond-containing vinyl ethers with simple alkyl vinyl ethers by employing confined Brønsted acid as catalyst, which allows for the synthesis of alkyne-functionalized vinyl ether copolymers with high isotacticity (up to 90% m), controlled molecular weight, and variable content of C-C triple bonds. Further transformation of the pendant clickable alkyne groups via thiol-yne click reactions and copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition reaction enables a modular access to isotactic polymers with various functional groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e202403170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tetraphenylethylene-Derived Tetracarboxylate Featuring AIE Properties for Dual Ion Sensing and Mechanochromic Self-Erasable Writing.","authors":"Qiaona Zhang, Xiaoman Dang, Fengyao Cui, Zhiying Wu, Zheng-Yi Li, Xiao-Qiang Sun, Tangxin Xiao, Leyong Wang","doi":"10.1002/chem.202403203","DOIUrl":"10.1002/chem.202403203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of multiple functions within a single fluorescent molecule provides a promising platform for developing versatile, efficient, and cost-effective materials with enhanced performance across diverse applications. In this study, we introduce TPEC, an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecule derived from tetraphenylethylene-based tetracarboxylate, which demonstrates multifunctional capabilities, including metal ion sensing and self-erasable writing. TPEC exhibits amphiphilicity in water, self-assembling into single-layer nanosheets with robust blue fluorescence. Notably, the aqueous solution of TPEC displays a fluorescence colorimetric response to Al<sup>3+</sup> ions and fluorescence quenching in the presence of Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions. Additionally, TPEC powders undergo fluorescence colorimetric changes under mechanical stimulation, enabling self-erasable writing on prepared paper. This study presents a straightforward strategy for the development of multifunctional luminescent materials based on the self-assembly of a single-component fluorophore.</p>","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e202403203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
László Kürti, Tamal Kanti Das, Arghya Ghosh, Zachary Grimm, Ulises Aguinaga, Muhammed Yousufuddin
{"title":"Organocatalytic Electrophilic Arene Amination: Rapid Synthesis of 2-Quinolones.","authors":"László Kürti, Tamal Kanti Das, Arghya Ghosh, Zachary Grimm, Ulises Aguinaga, Muhammed Yousufuddin","doi":"10.1002/chem.202403524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202403524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For decades, the synthesis of 2-quinolones, a crucial structural motif in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, has relied heavily on costly noble metal complexes and structurally complex ligands. Despite considerable efforts from synthetic chemists, a mild, metal-free, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective approach has remained elusive. This study introduces a robust, metal-free synthetic platform that leverages an innovative organoiodine-catalyzed electrophilic arene C(sp2)-H amination strategy to efficiently produce a wide range of new and modifiable 2-quinolones. Moreover, this study allows ready synthetic access to novel 8-aryl-substituted 2-quinolones, uncovering new chemical spaces with significant potential for medicinal applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e202403524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pd-Catalyzed Site-Selective Defluorinative Etherification between Unactivated Perfluoroarenes and Hydrobenzoxazoles.","authors":"Yaping Wang, Luyao Wang, Yibo Qin, Heng-Ying Xiong, Guangwu Zhang","doi":"10.1002/chem.202403914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202403914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyfluoroaryl ethers represent an important framework of biologically active molecules and materials. Owing to the strong bond dissociation energy of C-F bond, selectivity and other issues, transition metal-catalyzed synthesis of polyfluoroaryl ethers from perfluoroarenes via the activation of C-F bond is challenging and underdeveloped, as compared to the well-documented C-O bond formation starting from aryl iodides, aryl bromides or aryl chlorides. Herein, an unprecedented Pd-catalyzed defluorinative etherification for the synthesis of polyfluoroaryl ether skeletons using hydrobenzoxazoles as phenol surrogate, has been reported. The substrate scope for this protocol is broad, with respect to hydrobenzoxazoles and perfluoroarenes, under mild reaction conditions. More importantly, challenging alkenyl and alkynyl substituted polyfluoroarenes could be successfully used as the coupling component for Pd-catalyzed etherification reaction. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to investigate the reaction mechanism, which suggested that oxidative addition between polyfluorobenzene and Pd(0) constituted the ratedetermining step.</p>","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e202403914"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vincenzo Battaglia, Sara Meninno, Alessandra Lattanzi
{"title":"Asymmetric Organocatalysed Synthesis of (R)-Mandelic Acid Esters and α-Alkoxy Derivatives from Commercial Sources.","authors":"Vincenzo Battaglia, Sara Meninno, Alessandra Lattanzi","doi":"10.1002/chem.202403769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202403769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optically active mandelic acid esters represent a highly valuable class of building blocks in organic synthesis and recurrent motifs embedded in bioactive compounds and drugs. Herein, we provide an enantioselective one-pot synthesis based on Knoevenagel condensation/asymmetric epoxidation/domino ring-opening hydrolysis (DROH) sequence to the crude mandelic acids, which underwent a final esterification step to (R)-methyl mandelates. These products have been obtained in good to high overall yield and enantioselectivity, using commercially and widely available reagents and catalyst including aldehydes, phenylsulfonyl acetonitrile, cumyl hydroperoxide, water and an epi-quinine-derived urea as the organocatalyst. Moreover, the versatility of the process has been demonstrated to prepare the corresponding α-alkoxy esters in highly enantioselective manner, when using primary alcohols in a domino ring-opening esterification (DROE) step. This system is a first example of non-enzymatic catalytic one-pot protocol which allows a straightforward asymmetric synthesis of highly valuable mandelic acid derivatives from aldehyde feedstocks.</p>","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e202403769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}