Iranian Journal of Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Multi-Objective Optimization of Copper Bioleaching: Comparative Study of Pure and Co-Cultured Cultivation.","authors":"Yasin Rakhshani,&nbsp;Sayyed Shahryar Rahpeyma,&nbsp;Fatemeh Tabandeh,&nbsp;Mahmood Arabnezhad,&nbsp;Ali Azimi,&nbsp;Jamshid Raheb","doi":"10.30498/ijb.2023.328969.3278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30498/ijb.2023.328969.3278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bioleaching is a practical method to recover metals from low-grade mineral sulfides. The most frequent bacteria involved in the bioleaching of metals from ores are <i>Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans</i> and <i>Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans</i>. Experimental design is a method through which the optimum activity condition will be obtained, avoiding numerous trials and errors.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to optimize the bioleaching condition of two indigenous iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria from the Meydouk mine, Iran, and evaluate their function in a semi-pilot operation in pure and mixed cultures.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>After treatment with sulfuric acid, the bacterial DNA was extracted, and further 16S rRNA was sequenced to characterize the bacterial species. The cultivation condition of these bacteria was optimized using Design-expert (6.1.1 version) software. The copper recovery rate and the differentiation in the ORP rate in the percolation columns were also investigated. These strains were isolated from the Meydouk mine for the first time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>16S rRNA analysis revealed that both bacteria belong to the <i>Acidithiobacillus</i> genus. The factors with the most significant impact on <i>Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans</i> with their optimum level were temperature=35 °C, pH=2.5, and initial FeSO₄ concentration=25 g.L^-1. Also, initial sulfur concentration had the most significant impact on <i>Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans</i> with the optimum level of 35 g.L^-1. Moreover, the mixed culture determined higher bioleaching efficiency compared with the case of employing the pure cultures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Utilizing a mixture of both bacteria, <i>Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans</i> and <i>Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans</i> elevated the Cu recovery rate due to the synergetic function of the strains. Also, introducing an initial dosage of sulfur and pre-acidification could elevate metal recovery efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":14492,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"21 2","pages":"e3278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bb/3e/IJB-21-e3278.PMC10203187.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9880498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Crayfish (<i>Astacus leptodactylus</i>) Chitosan with Different Deacetylation Degrees.","authors":"Ali Eslem Kadak,&nbsp;Aygül Küçükgülmez,&nbsp;Mehmet Çelik","doi":"10.30498/ijb.2023.323958.3253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30498/ijb.2023.323958.3253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In this study, chitosan with various deacetylation degrees was extracted from crayfish (<i>Astacus leptodactylus</i>) shells with the purpose of examining the effect of deacetylation on the characterization of chitosan.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Recycling of wastes has become an important issue with the advancement of shellfish processing technology. Therefore, this study examined the most important and conventional characterization parameters of chitosan extracted from crayfish shells and investigated whether crayfish chitosan can be an alternative to commercial products.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In order to determine the characterization of the chitosan; degree of deacetylation, yield, molecular weight, apparent viscosity, water binding capacity, fat binding capacity, moisture content, ash content, color properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction analyses (XRD) were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The low (LDD) and high (HDD) deacetylated crayfish chitosan characterization results in terms of yield, molecular weight, apparent viscosity, water binding capacity, fat binding capacity, moisture content, ash content were 17.50%, 424.03-334.66 kDa, 16.82-9.63 cP, 481.29-428.04%, 419.30-355.75%, 3.32-1.03%, 0.98-1.01%, respectively. As detected by two different methods, potentiometric titration and elemental analysis, the deacetylation degrees of low and high crayfish chitosan were found close to each other, which were 76.98-94.98% and 73.79-92.06%, respectively. As the deacetylation period extended, acetyl groups were removed, and the degree of the deacetylation of crayfish chitosan increased while the apparent viscosity, molecular weight, water and fat binding capacity decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of the present study are important to obtain the chitosan having various physicochemical characteristics from unevaluated crayfish wastes and to use it in many different sectors, especially biotechnology, medicine, pharmaceutical, food, and agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":14492,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"21 2","pages":"e3253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bd/7d/IJB-21-e3253.PMC10203182.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9578690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, Identification, and Characterization of the Native Yeast Strains from Homemade Cheese to Assess their Eliminating Impact on the Aflatoxin B1 and M1 of the Simulated Gastrointestinal Fluid.","authors":"Ghazal Yahyapour,&nbsp;Seyed Amir Ali Anvar,&nbsp;Maryam Ataee,&nbsp;Hamed Ahari Hamed,&nbsp;Hossein Askari","doi":"10.30498/ijb.2023.330834.3291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30498/ijb.2023.330834.3291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The occurrence of aflatoxins in food products is a silent threat to human health worldwide. A range of strategies has been introduced to address the bioavailability of aflatoxins, which are considered microbial tools to provide a low-cost and promising approach.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study focused on the separation of yeast strains from the homemade cheese rind layer to investigate the ability of native yeasts to eliminate AB1 and AM1 from simulated gastrointestinal fluids.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Homemade cheese samples were prepared from different locations in Tehran provinces and yeast strains were isolated and identified through the biochemical methods and molecular analysis of internal transcribed spacer and D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA regions. Isolated strains were screened using simulated gastrointestinal fluids, and the ability of yeast strains to absorb aflatoxin was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 13 strains, 7 yeast strains were not affected by 5 ppm AFM1 while 11 strains did not show any significant response to 5 mg.L^-1 (ppm) of AFB1. On the other hand, 5 strains were able to successfully tolerate 20 ppm AFB1. Candidate yeasts showed different abilities to remove aflatoxins B1 and M1. In addition, <i>C. lusitaniae</i>, <i>G. geotrichum</i>, <i>G. candidum</i>, and <i>C. sanyaensis</i> exhibited a significant ability to detoxify aflatoxins from the gastrointestinal fluid, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data suggest that yeast communities with essential effects on the quality of homemade cheese appear to be precise candidates for the potential elimination of aflatoxins from the gastrointestinal fluid.</p>","PeriodicalId":14492,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"21 2","pages":"e3291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/39/bf/IJB-21-e3291.PMC10203185.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9527795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated BAX Gene Ablation in CHO Cells To Impair Apoptosis and Enhance Recombinant Protein Production.","authors":"Amirabbas Rahimi,&nbsp;Morteza Karimipoor,&nbsp;Reza Mahdian,&nbsp;Atefeh Alipour,&nbsp;Saadi Hosseini,&nbsp;Marzieh Mohammadi,&nbsp;Hooman Kaghazian,&nbsp;Abdolrahim Abbasi,&nbsp;Hosein Shahsavarani,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar","doi":"10.30498/ijb.2023.343428.3388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30498/ijb.2023.343428.3388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite recent advances in recombinant biotherapeutics production using CHO cells, their productivity remains lower than industrial needs, mainly due to apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Present study aimed to exploit CRISPR/Cas9 technology to specifically disrupt the BAX gene to attenuate apoptosis in recombinant Chinese hamster's ovary cells producing erythropoietin.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The STRING database was used to identify the key pro-apoptotic genes to be modified by CRISPR/Cas9 technique. The single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting identified gene (BAX) were designed, and CHO cells were then transfected with vectors. Afterward, changes in the expression of the Bax gene and consequent production rates of erythropoietin were investigated in manipulated cells, even in the presence of an apoptosis inducer agent, oleuropein.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BAX disruption significantly prolonged cell viability and increased proliferation rate in manipulated clones (152%, P-value = 0.0002). This strategy reduced the levels of Bax protein expression in manipulated cells by more than 4.3-fold (P-value <0.0001). The Bax-8 manipulated cells displayed higher threshold tolerance to the stress and consequence apoptosis compared to the control group. Also, they exhibited a higher IC50 compared to the control in the presence of oleuropein (5095 µM.ml^-1 Vs. 2505 µM.ml^-1). We found a significant increase in recombinant protein production levels in manipulated cells, even in the presence of 1,000 µM oleuropein compared to the control cell line (p-value=0.0002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CRISPR/Cas9 assisted BAX gene ablation is promising to improve erythropoietin production in CHO cells via engineering anti-apoptotic genes. Therefore, exploiting genome editing tools such as CRISPR/Cas9 has been proposed to develop host cells that result in a safe, feasible, and robust manufacturing operation with a yield that meets the industrial requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":14492,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"21 2","pages":"e3388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5f/5d/IJB-21-e3388.PMC10203183.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9578692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Antimicrobial Peptide CM15 in <i>Staphylococcus Aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> Model Bilayer Lipid.","authors":"Davood Zaeifi,&nbsp;Ali Najafi,&nbsp;Reza Mirnejad","doi":"10.30498/ijb.2023.337246.3344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30498/ijb.2023.337246.3344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In animals and plants, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are crucial components of defense mechanisms, as they play a crucial role in innate immunity, which protects hosts from pathogenic bacteria. The CM15 has attracted considerable interest as a novel antibiotic against gram-negative and positive pathogens.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the permeation potential of the CM15 with membrane bilayers of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The bilayer membranes of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> were modelled with the resemblance in lipid composition to its biological sample. This study followed Protein-Membrane Interaction (PMI) through successive applications of molecular dynamics simulation by GROMACS and CHARMM36 force field for two sets of 120-ns simulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant results were obtained from analyzing the trajectory of the unsuccessful insertion of CM15 during simulation. Our data suggested that Lysine residues in CM15 and Cardiolipins in membrane leaflets play a crucial role in stability and interaction terms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The obtained results strengthen the insertion possibility through the toroidal model, which should consider for further studies on AMPs interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14492,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"21 2","pages":"e3344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/44/1f/IJB-21-e3344.PMC10203184.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9880499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pan-cancer Analysis Reveals SRC May Link Lipid Metabolism and Macrophages.","authors":"Zhongyuan Chen,&nbsp;Yaqian Xiao,&nbsp;Pinhong Yang,&nbsp;Ruisong Wang","doi":"10.30498/ijb.2023.335402.3325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30498/ijb.2023.335402.3325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>SRC is a member of the membrane-associated non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase superfamily. It has been reported to mediate inflammation and cancer. However, the exact molecular mechanism involved is still not clear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study was designed to explore the prognostic landscape of <i>SRC</i> and further investigate the relationship between <i>SRC</i> and immune infiltration in pan-cancer.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Kaplan-Meier Plotter was used to detect the prognostic value of <i>SRC</i> in pan-cancer. Then using TIMER2.0 and CIBERSORT, the relationship between <i>SRC</i> and immune infiltration in pan-cancer was evaluated. Furthermore, the LinkedOmics database was used to screen <i>SRC</i> co-expressed genes, followed by functional enrichment of <i>SRC</i> co-expressed genes by Metascape online tool. STRING database and Cytoscape software were applied to construct and visualise the protein-protein interaction network of <i>SRC</i> co-expressed genes. MCODE plug-in was used to screen hub modules in the PPI network. The <i>SRC</i> co-expressed genes in hub modules were extracted, and the correlation analysis between interested <i>SRC</i> co-expressed genes and immune infiltration was conducted via TIMER2.0 and CIBERSORT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study demonstrated that SRC expression was significantly associated with overall survival and relapse-free survival in multiple cancer types. In addition, SRC expression was significantly correlated with the immune infiltration of B cells, dendritic cells, CD4⁺ T cells, macrophages, and neutrophils in pan-cancer. The expression of SRC had shown to have close correlations with M1 macrophage polarisation in LIHC, TGCT, THCA, and THYM. Moreover, the genes that co-expressed with SRC in LIHC, TGCT, THCA, and THYM were mainly enriched in lipid metabolism. Besides, correlation analysis showed that SRC co-expressed genes associated with lipid metabolism were also significantly correlated with the infiltration and polarisation of macrophages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicate that SRC can serve as a prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer and is related to macrophages infiltration and interacts with genes involved in lipid metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":14492,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"21 2","pages":"e3325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fc/6d/IJB-21-e3325.PMC10203188.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9880500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating and Validating Sunflower Reference Genes for Q-PCR Studies Under High Temperature Condition.","authors":"Masood Soltani Najafabadi,&nbsp;Nazanin Amirbakhtiar","doi":"10.30498/ijb.2023.338375.3357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30498/ijb.2023.338375.3357","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Q-PCR is the method of choice for PCR- based transcriptomics and validating microarray-based and RNA-seq results. Proper application of this technology requires proper normalization to correct as much as possible errors propagating during RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;The investigation was performed to find stable reference genes in sunflower under shifting in ambient temperature.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Sequences of five well-known reference genes of Arabidopsis (&lt;i&gt;Actin&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Ubiquitin&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Elongation factor-1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;GAPDH&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;SAND&lt;/i&gt;) and one well-known reference gene inhuman, &lt;i&gt;Importin&lt;/i&gt;, were subjected to BLASTX against sunflower databases and the relevant genes were subjected to primer designing for q-PCR. Two sunflower inbred lines were cultivated at two dates so that anthesis occurred at nearly 30 °C and 40 °C (heat stress). The experiment was repeated for two years. Q-PCR was run on samples taken for two planting date separately at the beginning of anthesis for each genotype from leaf, taproots, receptacle base, immature and mature disc flowers and on pooled samples comprising of the tissues for each genotype, planting dates and also all tissues for both genotypes and both planting dates. Basic statistical properties of each candidate gene across all the samples were calculated. Furthermore, gene expression stability analysis was done for six candidate reference genes on Cq mean of two years using three independent algorithms, geNorm, Bestkeeper, and Refinder.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Designed primers for &lt;i&gt;Actin2&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;SAND&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;GAPDH&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Ubiquitin&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;EF-1a&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Importin&lt;/i&gt; yielded a single peak in melting curve analysis indicating specificity of the PCR reaction. Basic statistical analysis showed that &lt;i&gt;Actin2&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;EF-1a&lt;/i&gt; had the highest and lowest expression levels across all the samples, respectively. &lt;i&gt;Actin2&lt;/i&gt; appeared to be the most stable reference gene across all the samples based on the three used algorithms. Pairwise variation analysis revealed that for samples taken under ambient temperature of 30 °C, &lt;i&gt;Actin2&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;EF-1a&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;SAND&lt;/i&gt; and for those taken under ambient temperature of 40 °C, &lt;i&gt;Actin2&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;EF-1a&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Importin&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;SAND&lt;/i&gt; have to be used for normalization in q-PCR studies. Moreover, it is suggested that normalization to be based on &lt;i&gt;Actin2&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;SAND&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;EF-1a&lt;/i&gt; for vegetative tissues and &lt;i&gt;Actin2&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;EF-1a&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;SAND&lt;/i&gt; and Importin for reproductive tissues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present research, proper reference genes for normalization of gene expression studies under heat stress conditions were introduced. Moreover, the presence of genotype-by- planting date interaction effects and tissue specific gene expression pattern on the behavior of the most three stable reference genes was indicated.&lt;","PeriodicalId":14492,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"21 2","pages":"e3357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ba/a7/IJB-21-e3357.PMC10203189.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9527791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of NO Production in LPS-Stimulated Primary Rat Glial Cells by Gnidilatimonoein and Extract of <i>Daphne mucronata</i>.","authors":"Elham Bahrami Salehloo,&nbsp;Farzaneh Sabouni,&nbsp;Manijeh Mianabadi","doi":"10.30498/ijb.2023.285965.3052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30498/ijb.2023.285965.3052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the CNS, glial cells are involved in neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain. The glial cells are activated by a variety of pathological conditions and release pro-inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO). Overexpression of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) and extra NO is detrimental to neurophysiology and neuronal viability.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to examine the effect of Gnidilatimonein isolated from <i>D. mucronata</i> and its leaves extract (as natural phytochemicals) on NO production in the LPS-induced primary glial cells.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A preparative HPLC method was used to isolate gnidilatimonoein from leaves ethanolic extract. Various doses of Gnidilatimonoein, the ethanolic extract were applied to primary glial cells inflamed by lipopolysaccharide. A Colorimetric test, an MTT assay, and a RT-PCR analysis were then performed to analyze and compare NO production, cell viability, and iNOS expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gnidilatimonoein treatment of pretreated primary glial cells significantly inhibited iNOS expression and decreased NO synthesis. Plant extracts also reduced NO production in inflamed microglial and glial at 0.1-3 mg.mL^-1. At these concentrations, none of these compounds exerted a cytotoxic effect, suggesting that their anti-inflammatory effects were not due to the death of cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicates that <i>D. mucronata</i> and its active compound, Gnidilatimonoein, could have restrained effects on the expression of iNOS on the induced glial cells; however, further investigation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":14492,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"21 2","pages":"e3052"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/61/d5/IJB-21-e3052.PMC10203186.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9578694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PIWIL2 Regulates the Proliferation, Apoptosis and Colony Formation of Colorectal Cancer Cell Line.","authors":"Roya Kishani Farahani,&nbsp;Samereh Soleimanpour,&nbsp;Maryam Golmohammadi,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Soleimanpour-Lichaei","doi":"10.30498/ijb.2022.307054.3176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30498/ijb.2022.307054.3176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumor cells proliferation and apoptosis inhibition are the mechanisms through which the Colorectal Cancer (CRC) progression, metastasis and chemoresistance are promoted pathologically, offering clinical advantages for characterizing their molecular regulators.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study, to unravel the role of PIWIL2 as a potential CRC oncogenic regulator, we examined the effect of its overexpression on proliferation, apoptosis and colony formation of SW480 colon cancer cell line.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Established SW480-P (overexpression of <i>PIWIL2</i>) and SW480-control (SW480-empty vector) cell lines were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS with 1% penicillin-streptomycin. The total DNA and RNA was extracted for further experiments. Real-Time PCR and western blotting assay were performed to measure the differential expression of proliferation associated genes including the expression of cell cycle and anti-apoptotic genes as well as <i>Ki-67</i> and <i>PIWIL2</i> in both cell lines. Cell proliferation was determined using MTT assay, doubling time assay and the colony formation rate of transfected cells was measured with the 2D colony formation assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the molecular level, <i>PIWIL2</i> overexpression was associated with significant up-regulation of <i>cyclin D1</i>, <i>STAT3</i>, <i>BCL2-L1</i>, <i>BCL2-L2</i> and <i>Ki-67</i> genes. MTT and doubling time assay showed that <i>PIWIL2</i> expression induced time-related effects on proliferation rate of SW480 cells. Moreover, SW480-P cells had markedly greater capacity to form colonies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PIWIL2 plays important roles to promote cancer cell proliferation and colonization via the cell cycle acceleration and inhibition of apoptosis, the mechanisms through which this gene seems to contribute to CRC development, metastasis and chemoresistance, hence potentially highlighting PIWIL2 targeted therapy as a valuable tool for CRC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14492,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"e3176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1d/b6/IJB-21-e3176.PMC9938935.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10770103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>MiRNA-106a-5p</i> Promotes Laryngeal Carcinoma Proliferation and Migration Through <i>PI3K/AKT/m-TOR</i> Pathway by <i>AKTIP</i>.","authors":"Liang Gong,&nbsp;Xue-Feng Wang,&nbsp;Hao Liu,&nbsp;Li Li","doi":"10.30498/ijb.2022.336501.3339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30498/ijb.2022.336501.3339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Laryngeal cancer (LC) remains one of the most common tumors of the respiratory tract, the exact pathogenesis remains unclear. <i>MiRNA-106a-5p</i> is aberrantly expressed in a variety of cancers and plays a pro- or anti-cancer role, but is indistinct in LC.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Showing the role of <i>miRNA-106a-5p</i> in the development of LC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used for <i>miR-106a-5p</i> measurement in clinical samples and LC cell lines (AMC-HN8 and TU212), first. The expression of <i>miR-106a-5p</i> was inhibited by inhibitor, then followed clonogenic and flow cytometric assays for cell proliferation; wood healing, and Transwell assays for cell migration. Dual luciferase reporter assay was performed for interaction verification, and the activation of the signal pathway was detected by western blots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>MiR-106a-5p</i> was significantly over-expressed in LC tissues and cell lines. The proliferation ability of the LC cells was significantly reduced after <i>miR-106a-5p</i> inhibition, and most LC cells were stagnated in the G1 phase. The migration and invasion ability of the LC cells was decreased after the <i>miR-106a-5p</i> knockdown. Further, we found that <i>miR-106-5a</i> is bound with 3'-UTR of AKT interacting protein (<i>AKTIP</i>) mRNA specifically, and then activate <i>PI3K/AKT/m-TOR</i> pathway in LC cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A new mechanism was uncovered that miR-106a-5p promotes LC development via <i>AKTIP/PI3K/AKT/m-TOR</i> axis, which guides clinical management and drug discovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":14492,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"e3339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e3/13/IJB-21-e3339.PMC9938931.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10760897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}