2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)最新文献

{"title":"Commissioning of the new multi-layer integration prototype of the CALICE tile hadron calorimeter","authors":"A. Ebrahimi","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431153","url":null,"abstract":"The basic prototype of a tile hadron calorimeter (HCAL) for the International Linear Collider (ILC) has been realised and extensively tested. A major aspect of the proposed concept is the improvement of the jet energy resolution by measuring details of the shower development and combining them with the data of the tracking system (particle flow). The prototype utilises scintillating tiles that are read out by novel Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) and takes into account all design aspects that are demanded by the intended operation at the ILC. Currently, a new 12 layer prototype with about 3400 detector channels is under development. Alternative architectures for the scintillating tiles with and without wavelength-shifting fibres and tiles with individual wrapping with reflector foil is tested as well as different types of SiPMs. The new prototype was used for the first time at the CERN Proton Synchrotron test facility in fall 2014. Additionally, detector modules for the CALICE scintillator-based Electromagnetic Calorimeter (Sc-ECAL), that follow the proposed HCAL electronics architecture, were part of this new prototype. A new multi-layer Data Acquisition System (DAQ) was used for the detector configuration and operation.","PeriodicalId":144711,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127905315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new generation of integrated trigger and read out system for the MEG II experiment","authors":"L. Galli, U. Hartmann, F. Morsani, D. Nicoló, S. Ritt","doi":"10.1109/MOCAST.2016.7495118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MOCAST.2016.7495118","url":null,"abstract":"We present the new TDAQ system designed for the upgraded MEG experiment. It is an assembly of three new boards in a dedicated crate. The system foundation is on the so called WaveDREAM board with DAQ and trigger capabilities accompanied by trigger concentrator boards, to collect information from the detectors and perform real time event reconstruction, and data concentrator boards for DAQ purposes. The designed system, despite having been conceived for the MEG II experiment, is particularly flexible and can be utilised in many small and medium size applications, from 16 up to 10000 channels.","PeriodicalId":144711,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124297428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The SST fully-synchronous multi-GHz analog waveform recorder with Nyquist-rate bandwidth and flexible trigger capabilities","authors":"S. Kleinfelder, Edwin Chiem, T. Prakash","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431232","url":null,"abstract":"The design and performance of a fully-synchronous multi-GHz analog transient waveform recorder I.C. (“SST”) with fast and flexible trigger capabilities is presented. The SST's objective is to provide multi-GHz sample rates with intrinsically-stable timing, Nyquist-rate sampling and high trigger bandwidth, wide dynamic range and simple operation. Containing 4 channels of 256 samples per channel, the SST is fabricated in an inexpensive 0.25 micrometer CMOS process and uses a high-performance package that is 8 mm on a side. It has a 1.9V input range on a 2.5V supply, exceeds 12 bits of dynamic range, and uses ~128 mW while operating at 2 G-samples/s and full trigger rates. With a standard 50 Ohm input source, the SST exceeds ~1.5 GHz -3 dB bandwidth. The SST's internal sample clocks are generated synchronously via a shift register driven by an external LVDS oscillator running at half the sample rate (e.g., a 1 GHz oscillator yields 2 G-samples/s). Because of its purely-digital synchronous nature, the SST has ps-level timing uniformity that is independent of sample frequencies spanning over 6 orders of magnitude: from under 2 kHz to over 2 GHz. Only three active control lines are necessary for operation: Reset, Start/Stop and Read-Clock. When operating as common-stop device, the time of the stop, modulo 256 relative to the start, is read out along with the sampled signal values. Each of the four channels integrates dual-threshold trigger circuitry with windowed coincidence features. Channels can discriminate signals with ~1mV RMS resolution at >600 MHz bandwidth. Comparator thresholds can be set individually, and their outputs are directly available for simple threshold monitoring and rate control. Alternatively, their High and Low results can be AND'd over an adjustable window of time in order to exclusively trigger on bipolar impulsive signals. Trigger outputs can be CMOS or low-voltage differential signals, e.g. positive-ECL (0-0.8V) for low-noise operation.","PeriodicalId":144711,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124551683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charge transfer properties through graphene layers in gas detectors","authors":"P. Thuiner, R. Hall-Wilton, R. Jackman, H. Muller, T. T. Nguyen, E. Oliveri, D. Pfeiffer, F. Resnati, L. Ropelewski, Joe A. Smith, M. van Stenis, R. Veenhof","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431248","url":null,"abstract":"Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice with remarkable mechanical, electrical and optical properties. For the first time graphene layers suspended on copper meshes were installed into a gas detector equipped with a gaseous electron multiplier. Measurements of low energy electron and ion transfer through graphene were conducted. In this paper we describe the sample preparation for suspended graphene layers, the testing procedures and we discuss the preliminary results followed by a prospect of further applications.","PeriodicalId":144711,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"428 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115742798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of a large-area GEM detector prototype for the upgrade of the CMS muon endcap system","authors":"D. Abbaneo, M. Abbas, M. Abbrescia, A. Abdelalim, M. Abi Akl, W. Ahmed, P. Altieri, R. Aly, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, A. Ashfaq, P. Aspell, Y. Assran, I. Awan, S. Bally, Y. Ban, S. Banerjee, P. Barria, L. Benussi, V. Bhopatkar, S. Bianco, J. Bos, O. Bouhali, S. Braibant, S. Buontempo, C. Calabria, M. Caponero, C. Caputo, F. Cassese, A. Castaneda, S. Cauwenbergh, F. Cavallo, A. Celik, M. Choi, K. Choi, S. Choi, J. Christiansen, A. Cimmino, S. Colafranceschi, A. Colaleo, A. Conde Garcia, M. Dabrowski, G. De Lentdecker, R. de Oliveira, G. de Robertis, S. Dildick, B. Dorney, W. Elmetenawee, G. Fabrice, M. Ferrini, S. Ferry, P. Giacomelli, J. Gilmore, L. Guiducci, A. Gutierrez, R. Hadjiiska, A. Hassan, J. Hauser, K. Hoepfner, M. Hohlmann, H. Hoorani, Y. Jeng, T. Kamon, P. Karchin, H. Kim, S. Krutelyov, A. Kumar, J. Lee, T. Lenzi, L. Litov, F. Loddo, T. Maerschalk, G. Magazzú, M. Maggi, Y. Maghrbi, A. Magnani, N. Majumdar, P. Mal, K. Mandal, A. Marchioro, A. Marinov, J. Merlin, A. Mohanty, A. Mohapatra, S. Muhamma","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431249","url":null,"abstract":"Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology is being considered for the forward muon upgrade of the CMS experiment in Phase 2 of the CERN LHC. Its first implementation is planned for the GE1/1 system in the 1.5 <;| η |<; 2.2 region of the muon endcap mainly to control muon level-1 trigger rates after the second long LHC shutdown. A GE1/1 triple-GEM detector is read out by 3,072 radial strips with 455 μrad pitch arranged in eight η-sectors. We assembled a full-size GE1/1 prototype of 1m length at Florida Tech and tested it in 20-120 GeV hadron beams at Fermilab using Ar/CO2 70:30 and the RD51 scalable readout system. Four small GEM detectors with 2-D readout and an average measured azimuthal resolution of 36 μrad provided precise reference tracks. Construction of this largest GEM detector built to-date is described. Strip cluster parameters, detection efficiency, and spatial resolution are studied with position and high voltage scans. The plateau detection efficiency is [97.1 ± 0.2 (stat)]%. The azimuthal resolution is found to be [123.5 ± 1.6 (stat)] μrad when operating in the center of the efficiency plateau and using full pulse height information. The resolution can be slightly improved by ~ 10 μrad when correcting for the bias due to discrete readout strips. The CMS upgrade design calls for readout electronics with binary hit output. When strip clusters are formed correspondingly without charge-weighting and with fixed hit thresholds, a position resolution of [136.8 ± 2.5 stat] μrad is measured, consistent with the expected resolution of strip-pitch/equation μrad. Other η-sectors of the detector show similar response and performance.","PeriodicalId":144711,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123450198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Data Quality Monitoring Software for the CMS experiment at the LHC","authors":"L. Borrello","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431053","url":null,"abstract":"The Data Quality Monitoring (DQM) Software is a central tool in the CMS experiment. Its flexibility allows for integration in several key environments: online, for real-time detector monitoring; offline, for the final, fine-grained data certification; release validation, to constantly validate the functionalities and the performance of the reconstruction software; in Monte Carlo productions. Since the end of data taking at a center of mass energy of 8 TeV, the environment in which the DQM lives has undergone fundamental changes. In this contribution the usage of the DQM software in the different environments and its integration in the CMS Reconstruction Software Framework (CMSSW) and in all production workflows are presented, with emphasis on recent developments and improvement in advance of the LHC restart at 13 TeV.","PeriodicalId":144711,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"311 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133238060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy dependence of proton radiation damage in Si-sensors","authors":"A. Junkes, E. Donegani, C. Neubuser","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431260","url":null,"abstract":"Irradiation experiments on silicon sensors are used to mimic the radiation environment at collider experiments with the aim to forecast the change of the electrical properties of a detector with irradiation. Measurements on irradiated sensors are invaluable in choosing a material well suited for a silicon tracking detector. This is especially true for the upgraded detectors to be used in the high-luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC), where silicon sensors as currently used would suffer severe loss in signal from irradiation with charged and neutral hadrons.","PeriodicalId":144711,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130506870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a high spatial resolution detector for at-wavelength metrology of x-ray optics","authors":"J. Vogel, H. Bhandari, J. Gaskin, S. Miller, V. Nagarkar, M. Pivovaroff, B. Ramsey, Bipin Singh","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431207","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advancements in the field of x-ray astronomy have relied significantly on innovations in grazing-incidence x-ray optics technology, especially for the hard x-ray range for energies above 10 keV. The behavior of these x-ray telescopes for current and planned astrophysical and solar imaging missions needs to be well understood, and fully characterizing the optics includes measurements of the point spread function and effective area for flight optics as a function of energy and off-axis position as well as understanding the scattering and reflectivity properties of substrate coatings. This requires unique detectors with large areas, very high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, photon counting capability and energy discrimination. We report on the development of a detector that is well suited to meet these requirements. The key piece of the instrument is a high spatial-resolution, electron-multiplying charge-coupled device. The detector is back-thinned and optically bonded via a fiberoptic taper to a purpose-fabricated high resolution, high brightness CsI:Tl scintillator with a microcolumnar structure. A prototype version of this camera was used to calibrate the x-ray focusing optics for the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) mission successfully operating in space since its launch in June 2012. Here we present our recent work on the design of the EMCCD detector and scintillators, fabrication, assembly and testing of the full detector system as well as our software development efforts for single photon detection and energy discrimination. Also included are first results from our recent measurement campaign at the x-ray stray light calibration facility of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center.","PeriodicalId":144711,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131489298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A low noise and high dynamic range CMOS integrated Electronics associated with double sided Silicon Strip Detectors for a Compton camera gamma-ray detecting system","authors":"M. Dahoumane, D. Dauvergne, J. Krimmer, J.-L. Ley, E. Testa, Y. Zoccarato","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431122","url":null,"abstract":"An 8-channel Front End integrated Electronics (FEE) circuit is designed and fabricated using the AMS-CMOS 0.35 μm process to equip a Compton camera system for quality control in Hadrontherapy. The circuit provides the energy deposited by prompt γ rays interacting in a 2 mm thick Double sided Silicon Strip Detector (DSSD), the (x,y,z) space coordinates and the time of the interaction. Each channel includes a Charge Sensitive Amplifier (CSA) followed by two parallel shapers. Slow and fast shapers, with 1 μs and 15 ns shaping time are used to measure the energy and time stamping, respectively. In order to increase the detection efficiency, a 3 bit multi-gain configuration is chosen to implement the fast shaper. The output of the latter is sent to a voltage comparator which provides a digital signal used as event time stamp and resetting signal of the CSA feedback capacitor to avoid pileup or circuit saturation. A 5 bit DAC is integrated to compensate any comparator offset dispersion between channels. A programmable digital circuit is also integrated in this design to adjust the delay and the width of the reset signal. All configuration settings are controlled by an I2C interface circuit which is integrated in the circuit. The present design provides the readout of the two sides of the DSSD thanks to a hole or electron configurable system. All the functionalities of the design have been successfully tested and validated. The test results are in good agreement with analytical and simulation calculations. A high linearity over a range of 3×103 to 3×106 electrons is reached with a conversion gain of 3.6 mV/fC. The circuit (CSA output) achieves an ENC (Equivalent Noise Charge) of 290 electrons rms. The circuit dissipates 23 mW/channel and occupies an area of 2×4.5 mm2, including pads.","PeriodicalId":144711,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"48 25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132348967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mini Compton camera based on an array of Frisch-grid CdZnTe detectors","authors":"Wonho Lee, A. Bolotnikov, Taewoong Lee, G. Camarda, Yonggang Cui, R. Gul, A. Hossain, U. Roy, Ge Yang, R. James","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431262","url":null,"abstract":"We constructed a mini Compton camera based on an array of CdZnTe detectors and assessed its spectral and imaging properties. The entire array consisted of 6×6 Frisch-grid CdZnTe detectors, each with a size of 6×6×15 mm3. Since it is easier and more practical to grow small CdZnTe crystals rather than large monolithic ones, constructing a mosaic array of parallelepiped crystals can be an effective way to build a more efficient, large-volume detector. With the fully operational CdZnTe array, we measured the energy spectra for 133Ba-, 137Cs-, 60Co-radiation sources; we also located these sources using a Compton imaging approach. Although the Compton camera was small enough to hand-carry, its intrinsic efficiency was several orders higher than those generated in previous research using spatially separated scintillator arrays, because our camera measured the interactions inside the CZT detector array, wherein the detector elements were positioned very close to each other.","PeriodicalId":144711,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129656507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}