Majed Alowaidi, F. Yu, Abdulmotaleb El Saddik, Abdullah Aljanah
{"title":"Improving performance of smart grid communications using multi-homing and multi-streaming offered by SCTP","authors":"Majed Alowaidi, F. Yu, Abdulmotaleb El Saddik, Abdullah Aljanah","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRIDCOMM.2012.6485979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRIDCOMM.2012.6485979","url":null,"abstract":"Since smart grid has grasped the attention of the industry sector, it has become a rapidly evolving technology. This process involves a solid foundation of communications to meet the expectations of both smart grid providers and consumers. TCP, which is the well known transport protocol used as a reliable transmission source, is a major player for smart grid communications. However, TCP lacks a fault-tolerant transmission that can overcome predicted failures that weaken the smart grid progress. Streaming Control Transmission Protocol SCTP is a connection oriented protocol similar to TCP. Unlike SCTP, UDP is a connectionless protocol with no connection control. SCTP shares TCP in many significant features such as: congestion and flow control. SCTP is characterized by significant features not offered by TCP or UDP which make SCTP the preferred option in applications that require more reliability. Accordingly, we propose utilizing SCTP as the principal transport protocol for smart grid communications by using the two important features offered by SCTP: Multi-homing, and Multi-streaming respectively. We proposed our assumption after conducting simulations in order to evaluate whether or not SCTP can work as the transport protocol instead of TCP. As we obtained our results by using Network Simulator ns2, we believe that SCTP can be used as a replacement of TCP for smart grid communications as potential transport protocol.","PeriodicalId":143915,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125756958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reza Parseh, S. Acevedo, K. Kansanen, M. Molinas, T. Ramstad
{"title":"Real-time compression of measurements in distribution grids","authors":"Reza Parseh, S. Acevedo, K. Kansanen, M. Molinas, T. Ramstad","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6485987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6485987","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time lossy compression of voltage and current measurements in an electrical grid is considered. It is assumed that a compressed version of measurements needs to be transmitted to the control center to be used for line voltage compensation. This necessitates tight delay and high accuracy requirements. Acquiring high compression, while also maintaining a high-quality reconstruction is achieved via differential quantization of consecutive samples. Zero delay is made possible using sample-by-sample processing of signals. The proposed scheme consists of two adaptive quantizers on transformed versions of voltage and current signals using Park's transform. The quantizers incorporate a predictor which is based on spectral characteristics of the transformed signals. The objective is to compress the measurements as efficiently as possible, while keeping the voltage within the stipulated values by grid standards. The suggested scheme is then applied in a model of a micro-grid with a voltage source converter based controller. The trade-off between compression ratio and quality of the grid voltage and current in terms of deviation from nominal values is studied and discussed.","PeriodicalId":143915,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130752686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jian-Qian He, Xiang Deng, Dan Wu, Yonggang Wen, Dili Wu
{"title":"Socially-responsible load scheduling algorithms for sustainable data centers over smart grid","authors":"Jian-Qian He, Xiang Deng, Dan Wu, Yonggang Wen, Dili Wu","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486018","url":null,"abstract":"Power consumption of data centers accounts for a significant portion of operational cost for service providers. However, it is not sufficient to minimize electricity cost only. Instead, service providers should also consider the sustainability of data centers. In this paper, we investigate the problem of socially-responsible load scheduling for sustainable data centers in a smart grid environment. We formulate the joint optimization of electricity cost, performance cost and social cost into a min-cost network flow model, which takes the diversity of regional electricity prices, user request latency, usage of renewable energy into account. We further propose both offline and online load scheduling algorithms to achieve the optimality of the objective cost function. Finally, a series of simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms.","PeriodicalId":143915,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125481857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolution of the RF characteristics of the impulsive noise in high voltage environment","authors":"Fabien Sacuto, B. Agba, F. Gagnon, F. Labeau","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486066","url":null,"abstract":"Impulsive noise in air-insulated substations is created by partial discharges, Corona and gap noises. In order to install a wireless sensors network in such an environment, the impulsive noise must be characterized and studied to predict its evolution. The first observations made during a measurement campaign in power substation indicate impulsive noise RF characteristics depends on the feeding voltage of the equipment. In laboratory, a test bench with impulsive noise sources has been designed and used in order to verify the assumptions made from measurement campaigns and partial discharge theory. Using two impulsive noise specimens, the generator bar and the Tesla-coil, we study the impact of the source voltage and the inter-electrode distance (gap) on the RF characteristics of the emitted impulsive noise. The experiences confirm that, when the feeding voltage increases, the noise becomes more powerful both in time and frequency domains. The same is observed when the gap becomes shorter. Furthermore, the ISM frequency content of impulsive noise also increases, which could severely affect wireless communications.","PeriodicalId":143915,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126359533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resource Centric Security to protect customer energy information in the smart grid","authors":"Eun-Kyu Lee, R. Gadh, M. Gerla","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486006","url":null,"abstract":"From the customer domain perspective, interoperation implies that external systems are able to control customer's energy resources as well as to read energy-related information. These two types of accesses to an energy resource affect the operation of the customer domain differently. However, most existing security mechanisms were designed at individual resource level and cannot efficiently handle such fine-grained access. To resolve the issue of fine granularity, this paper proposes a new security mechanism, Resource Centric Security, that leverages the concept of a filesystem Access Control List. Three privileges of read, write, and execute are defined on each energy resource, and a set of attributes is assigned to each privilege. Each external user also maintains his own set of attributes. He can access the privilege only if his attribute set matches the privilege's set. In this way, the user may receive permission to read data of a resource but not to invoke operations. We have implemented the proposed scheme on a real testbed and have run experiments. The results and following analysis discover that our scheme can provide a proper level of data protection with reasonable overhead.","PeriodicalId":143915,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128757928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coordinated variable structure switching attack in the presence of model error and state estimation","authors":"Shan Liu, D. Kundur, T. Zourntos, K. Butler-Purry","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486003","url":null,"abstract":"Coordinated variable structure switching attacks have been recently proposed as a class of cyber-physical attacks on future smart grid systems. In the traditional formulation of this assault, the opponent is assumed to have a local model of the power system and knowledge of the state (rotor angle and frequency) of a target generator under attack. In this paper, we study the performance of this attack when the opponent has imperfect knowledge of the local system dynamics and partial knowledge of the generator state. In such a situation, we demonstrate how the attacker can make use of Luenberger-based state estimation techniques that are robust to model error to still achieve power system disruption via rotor angle instability.","PeriodicalId":143915,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114899744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yang Cao, Miao He, Zhiqiang Wang, Tao Jiang, Junshan Zhang
{"title":"Multiple resource expansion planning in smart grids with high penetration of renewable generation","authors":"Yang Cao, Miao He, Zhiqiang Wang, Tao Jiang, Junshan Zhang","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486045","url":null,"abstract":"We study joint expansion planning of conventional generation capacity, wind generation capacity and tie line capacity in a multi-area smart grid system. Specifically, we formulate the expansion planning problem as a two-stage stochastic programming problem: 1) in the first stage, resource expansion plans are made to minimize the expected overall cost throughout the entire planning horizon; 2) in the second stage, given the realization of load and wind generation in hourly scheduling slots, optimal scheduling decisions of power flows are found by minimizing the cost incurred by conventional generation and/or loss of load, which is used to compute the expected operation cost and/or loss of load cost as part of the cost in the first stage. In particular, the optimal solution to the resource expansion planning problem is obtained using the L-shaped algorithm. The simulation results of several case studies indicate that the optimal expansion plans for a multi-area smart grid indeed depend on the uncertainty level of prospective wind generation, the existing generation capacity and the transmission capacity.","PeriodicalId":143915,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117209425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Bodet, A. Schülke, K. Erickson, Rafal Jablonowski
{"title":"Optimization of charging infrastructure usage under varying traffic and capacity conditions","authors":"C. Bodet, A. Schülke, K. Erickson, Rafal Jablonowski","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486021","url":null,"abstract":"In the future energy landscape, high attention will be paid to the intelligent management of the balance between generation and demand. The shift of transportation towards electrification is a crucial part of the future efforts, but also a great challenge regarding the alignment with renewable energy supply. In this paper, we investigate the EV charging capacity management, with a focus on sustainable electric vehicle (EV) charging capacity for long-distance traffic on highways. The proposed method is based upon the concept of an Intelligent Dynamic Charging Assignment which takes various parameters of traffic information, user information and charging facility information into account in order to optimize charging facility usage by increasing its utilization and maximizing the energy usage, enable higher EV throughput in given traffic conditions and comply with user preferences and EV car characteristics. The optimization results have been validated in a simulation environment with different parameter variations. With the dynamic assignment, an increase of 30% of the utilization of the infrastructure with equal charging station deployment at each location can be reached. This is also reflected in an increase of the throughput of the EVs which is limited by waiting times. The given studies show a 30% higher throughput efficiency through the proposed dynamic assignment method. A reshuffling of the charging infrastructure is also considered. While the energy utilization itself increases to a small extend, the improvement on user experience regarding waiting times has a greater impact towards user satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":143915,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132851099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parallel autonomous optimization of demand response with renewable distributed generators","authors":"Peng Yang, Phani Chavali, A. Nehorai","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6485959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6485959","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a framework for demand response in smart grids that integrate renewable distributed generators (DGs). In this framework, some users have DGs and can generate part of their electricity. They can also sell extra generation to the utility company. The goal is to optimize the load schedule of users to minimize the utility company's cost and user payments. We employ parallel autonomous optimization, where each user requires only knowledge of the aggregated load of other users instead of the load profiles of individual users, and can execute distributed optimization simultaneously. We performed numerical examples to validate our algorithm. The results show that our method can significantly lower peak hour load and reduce the costs to users and the utility. Since the autonomous user optimizations are executed in parallel, our method also dramatically decreases the computation time, management complexity, and communication costs.","PeriodicalId":143915,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132931818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yasuyuki Tanaka, Y. Terashima, Mitsuru Kanda, Y. Ohba
{"title":"A security architecture for communication between smart meters and HAN devices","authors":"Yasuyuki Tanaka, Y. Terashima, Mitsuru Kanda, Y. Ohba","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6486027","url":null,"abstract":"ECHONET Lite is recognized as a promising HAN protocol in Japan to be used as the standard interface for HEMS. On the other hand, detailed security architecture for HEMS based on ECHONET Lite has been missing. We propose and evaluate a security architecture for communications between HAN devices and smart meters. The proposed security architecture integrates HAN device registration and enrollment processes into a single network access authentication procedure using a tunneling EAP method. As a result of the evaluation, our security architecture is realized with less implementation effort to smart meters.","PeriodicalId":143915,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133087070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}