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Building a Governance Framework that Enables the Establishment of Partnerships in Slovenia 建立一个能够在斯洛文尼亚建立伙伴关系的治理框架
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264038523-6-EN
Z. Kovač
{"title":"Building a Governance Framework that Enables the Establishment of Partnerships in Slovenia","authors":"Z. Kovač","doi":"10.1787/9789264038523-6-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264038523-6-EN","url":null,"abstract":"The process of building new forms of governance is of critical importance in Slovenia, where reforms have established regional development partnership structures to foster economic and employment development throughout the country. The comparison of Slovenian achievements with Irish and Finnish ones indicates that governance structures should link urban centres and the rural regions surrounding them to help to determine the specialisation of regions and stimulate their capacity for innovation. It also suggests that there is a lack of capacity in both technical and more strategic, bargaining and consensus building skills. The Slovenian analysis also points to the roles and responsibilities of national governments in providing a suitable strategic framework for local and regional initiatives and for setting up institutional structures that favour an implementation of policies that is consistent with shared goals locally.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116752321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
What Can Governments Do to Meet Skills and Employability Challenges at the Local Level 政府如何应对地方层面的技能和就业挑战
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264059528-8-EN
D. Simmonds
{"title":"What Can Governments Do to Meet Skills and Employability Challenges at the Local Level","authors":"D. Simmonds","doi":"10.1787/9789264059528-8-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264059528-8-EN","url":null,"abstract":"The skills and employability of the local labour force are crucial to the ability of economies to respond to labour market shocks and adapt to global change. The quicker that the unemployed can be re-trained for new jobs, the more adaptable a local economy will be. However, a constraint on improving adaptability is the ability of the state to adequately and quickly reform the delivery of training, welfare systems and employability programmes to meet new challenges. A greater emphasis needs to be placed on the personalisation and localisation of service design, planning, and delivery. Personalisation is needed to combine different forms of support required by people with multiple barriers, and localisation is needed to empower local partners to design interventions and direct resources to meet local employer needs and target the most deprived areas and people. Decentralisation appears to be a necessary condition for joining up services at the point of delivery and for disadvantaged areas to devise solutions to tackle their specific problems.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128666376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Knowledge Transfer Mechanisms in the European Transition Economies 欧洲转型经济中的知识转移机制
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264044104-15-EN
P. Formica, T. Mets, U. Varblane
{"title":"Knowledge Transfer Mechanisms in the European Transition Economies","authors":"P. Formica, T. Mets, U. Varblane","doi":"10.1787/9789264044104-15-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264044104-15-EN","url":null,"abstract":"There are a variety of definitions of knowledge transfer, and differing viewpoints as to the extent to which it is possible to establish a difference between knowledge transfer and technology transfer. By tapping into the positions taken by parties into the knowledge transfer debate, this chapter examines the main characteristics of these two different, albeit related, concepts. It goes on to propose a theoretical model in conjunction with the results of a preliminary field survey (details of which follow). This model is a contribution to extensive empirical work that has to be undertaken in order to assess the impact of university-industry interactions, especially in the Central, eastern and south eastern European countries (CESE) countries. The chapter then offers policy recommendations aimed at forging even closer ties between HEIs and regional small and medium-sized enterprises in European transition economies.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130946467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
The Role of Labour Market Policy in Horizontal Co-ordination 劳动力市场政策在横向协调中的作用
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264059528-7-EN
R. Eberts
{"title":"The Role of Labour Market Policy in Horizontal Co-ordination","authors":"R. Eberts","doi":"10.1787/9789264059528-7-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264059528-7-EN","url":null,"abstract":"Successful co-ordination of workforce development and economic development programmes can help local areas better compete in a global economy by responding more effectively to the needs of workers and businesses, encouraging more innovative practices and entrepreneurship, promoting social cohesion, leveraging government resources by partnering with non-government organisations, and instilling more local ownership in local decision-making and strategic initiatives. However, the potential of horizontal co-ordination among local agencies and organisations has not yet been fully realised. More than a simple restructuring of government, rather it requires a cultural transformation among management, staff, and policy makers. This means greater attention to customers, the balance between accountability and flexibility, appropriate mechanisms and incentives, performancebased monitoring, strategic planning and goal setting, alignment, strong leadership, and trust among partners.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116050525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Assessing Expected Impacts 评估预期影响
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264044869-5-EN
C. Wren
{"title":"Assessing Expected Impacts","authors":"C. Wren","doi":"10.1787/9789264044869-5-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264044869-5-EN","url":null,"abstract":"Assessing the expected impacts of proposed strategies is a difficult task because it involves projection into the future. This chapter offers guidance, drawing attention to the potential approaches and the advantages and difficulties involved. An initial choice needs to be made about whether to adopt simple or more sophisticated approaches. The sophistication of the assessment should increase with the scale and complexity of the strategy; the financial, time, data and human resources available; the degree of political demand, and; with the level of understanding of the user.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134407729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Entrepreneurship Education in an Age of Chaos, Complexity and Disruptive Change 混乱、复杂和颠覆性变革时代的创业教育
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264044104-5-EN
Eugene Luczkiw
{"title":"Entrepreneurship Education in an Age of Chaos, Complexity and Disruptive Change","authors":"Eugene Luczkiw","doi":"10.1787/9789264044104-5-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264044104-5-EN","url":null,"abstract":"The first part of this chapter seeks to identify four fundamental themes that underline a need for leaders and policy makers to venture outside existing industrial age worldviews in order to develop a new framework with its own distinct sets of rules and regulations. These call for a new paradigm for teaching and learning about entrepreneurship. The second part of this chapter examines the conditions and cultures needed to nurture and sustain enterprising behaviours. It provides global case studies and materials related to development of entrepreneurial ecologies and their networks. The conclusion calls for adaptation of this emerging ecological paradigm by means of collaborations among government policy makers, entrepreneurs and educational leaders. This collaboration requires a strong sense of trust, a diversity of ideas, adaptability, flexibility, and a compelling vision of achievement, improvisation, communication and inspiration.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134392430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Focusing on the Young: Integration in Switzerland 关注年轻人:瑞士的融合
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264028968-9-EN
S. Fenton
{"title":"Focusing on the Young: Integration in Switzerland","authors":"S. Fenton","doi":"10.1787/9789264028968-9-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264028968-9-EN","url":null,"abstract":"The apprenticeship system is a key mechanism for labour market integration in Switzerland and is therefore considered crucial for young immigrants arriving in the country. Vocational training schools play an important role in integration in Geneva, Neuchâtel and Zurich, linking employers, migrants and the public policy system. In addition, mentoring and networking activities are a popular mechanism to support access to placements. However apprenticeships may not provide for all training needs and a notfor- profit organisation in Neuchâtel provides an alternative training model effective in meeting more short term skills shortages. Discrimination persists however, amongst local employers in Switzerland, and there are concerns that tackling training needs may not be a sufficient tool for labour market integration without the existence of a strong anti-discrimination legislation in the country.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133851283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Michigan Regional Skills Alliances: A Statewide Initiative to Address Local Workforce Needs 密歇根州区域技能联盟:解决当地劳动力需求的全州倡议
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264066649-5-EN
R. Eberts, K. Hollenbeck
{"title":"Michigan Regional Skills Alliances: A Statewide Initiative to Address Local Workforce Needs","authors":"R. Eberts, K. Hollenbeck","doi":"10.1787/9789264066649-5-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264066649-5-EN","url":null,"abstract":"The Michigan Regional Skills Alliance (MiRSA) Initiative, launched in 2004, offered thirteen local regions one-year start-up grants to develop local strategies to increase the skills and labour market success of individuals, and provide a collaborative approach through which local employers would benefit from a more skilled workforce. The state’s labor market information agency helped applicants by providing a cluster-type analysis of the local labour market and forecasts of employment trends and occupational needs. The implementation strategies varied by region and were based upon the identified needs of the targeted businesses as well as the collective thinking of the local partnership. This chapter reviews the success of the initiative, evaluating how it has impacted on working practices in the state.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133314217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Implementation of the Local Development Strategy 实施本地发展策略
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264044869-7-EN
N. MacCallum
{"title":"Implementation of the Local Development Strategy","authors":"N. MacCallum","doi":"10.1787/9789264044869-7-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264044869-7-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter considers the issues surrounding the successful implementation of a local development strategy. It underscores the importance of assessing, implementation issues and addressing them at the beginning of the process in order to embed implementation considerations in the development of the strategy and avoid some of the obstacles to success.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116440422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Micro-nanotechnology Cluster of Grenoble, France 法国格勒诺布尔的微纳米技术集群
Local Economic and Employment Development Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1787/9789264044326-4-EN
J. Potter
{"title":"The Micro-nanotechnology Cluster of Grenoble, France","authors":"J. Potter","doi":"10.1787/9789264044326-4-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264044326-4-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyses the emergence and establishment of the micro-nanotechnology cluster in Grenoble, which has been recently labelled the Minalogic \"pole de competitivite\" by the French government. Grenoble is a particularly good example of a cluster that emerged \"endogenously\" from a critical mass of human and social capital but with strong support from targeted initiatives by the public sector. The chapter demonstrates the role that public authorities can play in supporting a cluster and the importance of establishing strong private-public and public-public partnerships. It shows how innovation has occurred in a collaborative but highly competitive environment. It highlights the importance of human and social capital and the need for \"co-ompetition\" as key ingredients of an internationally successful cluster.","PeriodicalId":143465,"journal":{"name":"Local Economic and Employment Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121505777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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