International Ophthalmology Clinics最新文献

Expanded Field Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in the Assessment of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Associated Complications: A Review. 扩展视场扫描源光学相干断层血管造影评估增生性糖尿病视网膜病变及相关并发症：综述。

International Ophthalmology Clinics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000577

Edward S Lu, Francesco Romano, Xinyi Ding, John B Miller

{"title":"Expanded Field Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in the Assessment of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Associated Complications: A Review.","authors":"Edward S Lu, Francesco Romano, Xinyi Ding, John B Miller","doi":"10.1097/IIO.0000000000000577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IIO.0000000000000577","url":null,"abstract":"Retinal imaging plays a critical role in the detection and management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Commonly used imaging modalities in the retina clinic include ultra-widefield fundus photography, ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (FA), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT angiography (OCTA) provides a noninvasive method to assess the retinal microvasculature and detect vascular alterations, including retinal neovascularization (NV). More recently, the emergence of expanded field swept-source OCTA (SS-OCTA) has offered faster en-face and cross-sectional imaging of the retina with a broader field of view. Prior reviews have highlighted the role of SS-OCTA in assessing associated lesions of PDR, including NV, microaneurysms, foveal avascular zone, intraretinal microvascular abnormalities, and capillary non-perfusion. In this review, we explore the clinical applications of expanded field SS-OCTA in characterizing NV morphology, comparing NV detection to FA, and offering potential imaging biomarkers associated with vision-threatening complications of PDR, including vitreous hemorrhage, neovascular glaucoma, and tractional retinal detachment.","PeriodicalId":14338,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology Clinics","volume":"65 3","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Periocular Manifestations and Management of Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease. 免疫球蛋白g4相关疾病的眼周表现和治疗。

International Ophthalmology Clinics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000572

Tatiana R Rosenblatt, Michael K Yoon

{"title":"Periocular Manifestations and Management of Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease.","authors":"Tatiana R Rosenblatt, Michael K Yoon","doi":"10.1097/IIO.0000000000000572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IIO.0000000000000572","url":null,"abstract":"Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) comprises a spectrum of inflammatory conditions characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration by IgG4+ plasma cells, resultant tumefactive lesions at various locations in the body, storiform fibrosis, and elevated serum IgG4 levels. IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) can occur in isolation or in conjunction with systemic findings. The most common manifestations of IgG4-ROD are dacryoadenitis and eyelid edema, though patients may also have trigeminal nerve enlargement, extraocular muscle involvement, and other orbital soft tissue lesions and inflammation. Workup is multifactorial and should include full body imaging, serum IgG4 levels, and biopsy, which must include staining for IgG4+ plasma cells and may show hallmark storiform fibrosis and/or obliterative phlebitis. IgG4-ROD can be misdiagnosed due to potential clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic overlap with other orbital inflammatory conditions; however, the presence of infraorbital or supraorbital nerve enlargement on imaging, as well as biopsy with strong levels of IgG4 histochemical staining, can be helpful in distinguishing IgG4-ROD from other orbital inflammatory pathology. Steroids are typically first-line treatment, although given high rates of recurrence, patients may require concurrent or subsequent treatment with steroid-sparing agents, most commonly rituximab.","PeriodicalId":14338,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology Clinics","volume":"65 3","pages":"133-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Noninfectious Inflammatory Complications of Lamellar Refractive Corneal Surgery: A Review of Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis, Central Toxic Keratopathy, and Transient Light Sensitivity Syndrome. 板层角膜屈光手术的非感染性炎症并发症：弥漫性板层角膜炎、中枢性中毒性角膜病变和短暂光敏感综合征的综述。

International Ophthalmology Clinics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000570

Enchi K Chang, Roberto Pineda

{"title":"Noninfectious Inflammatory Complications of Lamellar Refractive Corneal Surgery: A Review of Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis, Central Toxic Keratopathy, and Transient Light Sensitivity Syndrome.","authors":"Enchi K Chang, Roberto Pineda","doi":"10.1097/IIO.0000000000000570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IIO.0000000000000570","url":null,"abstract":"Laser vision correction through lamellar refractive corneal surgery, such as laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), have increased in popularity given new technologies and increased patient preference for corrective lens independence. However, these surgeries are not without potential postoperative complications. Diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK), central toxic keratopathy (CTK), and transient light sensitivity syndrome (TLSS) comprise 3 rare, noninfectious, inflammatory complications after corneal lamellar refractive surgery that differ in their clinical presentation. DLK has the most potentially severe vision-threatening outcomes and is associated with clinical findings of white, granular cells in the stromal interface. CTK is associated with the triad of central corneal opacification, central striae, and hyperopic shift. TLSS has no findings on slit lamp examination. While both DLK and TLSS are responsive to topical steroids, CTK improves without intervention. It is important to distinguish the 3 syndromes, as proper diagnosis may provide insight into the underlying cause of the patient's symptoms and thus guide treatment.","PeriodicalId":14338,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology Clinics","volume":"65 3","pages":"71-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune Recovery Uveitis: A Comprehensive Review. 免疫恢复性葡萄膜炎：综述。

International Ophthalmology Clinics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000565

Melissa Yuan, Lucy H Young

引用次数: 0

Artificial Intelligence in Oculoplastic Surgery: Current Landscape. 人工智能在眼科整形手术中的应用现状。

International Ophthalmology Clinics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000566

Hursuong Vongsachang, Michael K Yoon

引用次数: 0

Gene Therapy in Age-related Macular Degeneration. 老年性黄斑变性的基因治疗。

International Ophthalmology Clinics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000567

Henry W Zhou, Leo A Kim

引用次数: 0

Laser-based Refractive Surgery: A Review of Select Clinical Challenges and Future Directions. 基于激光的屈光手术：临床挑战和未来发展方向综述。

International Ophthalmology Clinics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000568

Dennis Akrobetu, Roberto Pineda

{"title":"Laser-based Refractive Surgery: A Review of Select Clinical Challenges and Future Directions.","authors":"Dennis Akrobetu, Roberto Pineda","doi":"10.1097/IIO.0000000000000568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IIO.0000000000000568","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in laser-based corneal refractive surgery have allowed for a diverse array of surgical options available to patients seeking vision correction and contact lens/glasses-free independence. The most common laser-based corneal refractive surgeries include laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Although advancements in technology have been made, select clinical challenges such as higher-order aberrations, postoperative ectasia, diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK)/central toxic keratopathy (CTK), and pressure-induced interlamellar stromal keratitis (PISK) remain as postrefractive issues to be addressed in laser-based corneal refractive surgery. Recent improvements in preoperative evaluation, the development of instrumentation to measure and treat higher-order optical aberrations, and new techniques for the treatment of presbyopia all serve as unique avenues for innovation in the field. Despite its many advances, laser-based corneal refractive surgery has specific clinical limitations that may be better addressed through lens-based refractive techniques.","PeriodicalId":14338,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology Clinics","volume":"65 3","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on the Corneal Microenvironment and the Impact of the Donor Diabetic State on Corneal Transplant Outcomes. 糖尿病对角膜微环境的影响及供体糖尿病状态对角膜移植结果的影响

International Ophthalmology Clinics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000571

Yilin Feng, Reza Dana

引用次数: 0

Sterile Intraocular Inflammation Following Intravitreal Injections: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Management. 玻璃体注射后无菌性眼内炎症：发病机制、临床特征和处理。

International Ophthalmology Clinics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000580

Saghar Bagheri, Dimitrios P Ntentakis, Maria Emfietzoglou, Helia Ashourizadeh, Nicole Grinspan, Ioanna Ploumi, Grayson W Armstrong, John B Miller

{"title":"Sterile Intraocular Inflammation Following Intravitreal Injections: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Management.","authors":"Saghar Bagheri, Dimitrios P Ntentakis, Maria Emfietzoglou, Helia Ashourizadeh, Nicole Grinspan, Ioanna Ploumi, Grayson W Armstrong, John B Miller","doi":"10.1097/IIO.0000000000000580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IIO.0000000000000580","url":null,"abstract":"Intravitreal injections have revolutionized the treatment of retinal diseases, yet there are possible complications, such as noninfectious intraocular inflammation, a complication that may threaten vision and mimic infectious endophthalmitis. This review synthesizes current knowledge on inflammation after intravitreal therapy, with particular focus on sterile intraocular inflammation and retinal vasculitis associated with anti-VEGF agents such as brolucizumab and newer complement inhibitors like pegcetacoplan. The pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving patient-specific immune responses, drug-specific properties including aggregation or impurities, and deviations in preparation or delivery techniques. Clinical presentations range from anterior uveitis and vitritis to occlusive retinal vasculitis. Visual outcomes vary and depend on prompt recognition and appropriate management. Epidemiologic data show variable incidence across agents, with brolucizumab demonstrating higher rates of inflammation compared with ranibizumab or aflibercept. Treatment includes corticosteroids and discontinuation of the offending agent, with rare cases requiring surgical intervention. As the therapeutic landscape expands, heightened awareness and standardized evaluation of postinjection inflammation are critical to improving safety and preserving vision.","PeriodicalId":14338,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology Clinics","volume":"65 3","pages":"63-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Refractory Macular Hole Surgery: A Review of Recent Surgical Innovations. 难治性黄斑裂孔手术：近期手术创新综述。

International Ophthalmology Clinics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000579

Ryan S Meshkin, Dean Eliott

引用次数: 0