2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)最新文献

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Fully convolutional neural networks for dynamic object detection in grid maps 网格地图中动态目标检测的全卷积神经网络
2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) Pub Date : 2017-06-11 DOI: 10.1109/IVS.2017.7995750
Florian Piewak, Timo Rehfeld, Michael Weber, Johann Marius Zöllner
{"title":"Fully convolutional neural networks for dynamic object detection in grid maps","authors":"Florian Piewak, Timo Rehfeld, Michael Weber, Johann Marius Zöllner","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2017.7995750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995750","url":null,"abstract":"Grid maps are widely used in robotics to represent obstacles in the environment and differentiating dynamic objects from static infrastructure is essential for many practical applications. In this work, we present a methods that uses a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to infer whether grid cells are covering a moving object or not. Compared to tracking approaches, that use e.g. a particle filter to estimate grid cell velocities and then make a decision for individual grid cells based on this estimate, our approach uses the entire grid map as input image for a CNN that inspects a larger area around each cell and thus takes the structural appearance in the grid map into account to make a decision. Compared to our reference method, our concept yields a performance increase from 83.9% to 97.2%. A runtime optimized version of our approach yields similar improvements with an execution time of just 10 milliseconds.","PeriodicalId":143367,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124751136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Real-time velocity planning for heavy duty truck with obstacle avoidance 重型卡车避障实时速度规划
2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) Pub Date : 2017-06-11 DOI: 10.1109/IVS.2017.7995706
Mahdi Morsali, E. Frisk, J. Åslund
{"title":"Real-time velocity planning for heavy duty truck with obstacle avoidance","authors":"Mahdi Morsali, E. Frisk, J. Åslund","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2017.7995706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995706","url":null,"abstract":"A model predictive controller (MPC) including velocity and path planner is designed for real time calculation of a safe and comfortable velocity and steer angle in a heavy duty vehicle. The calculation time is reduced by finding, based on measurement data, simple roll and motion model. The roll dynamics of the truck is constructed using identification of proposed roll model and it is validated by measurements logged by a heavy duty truck and the suggested model shows good agreement with the measurement data. The safety issues such as rollover prevention and moving obstacle avoidance are taken into account. To increase comfort, acceleration, jerk, steer angle and steer angle rate are limited. The simulation and control algorithm is tested in different scenarios, where the test results show the properties of the algorithm.","PeriodicalId":143367,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115121670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Estimation of collective maneuvers through cooperative multi-agent planning 基于协同多智能体规划的集体机动估计
2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IVS.2017.7995788
Jens Schulz, Kira Hirsenkorn, Julian Löchner, M. Werling, Darius Burschka
{"title":"Estimation of collective maneuvers through cooperative multi-agent planning","authors":"Jens Schulz, Kira Hirsenkorn, Julian Löchner, M. Werling, Darius Burschka","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2017.7995788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995788","url":null,"abstract":"In order to determine a cooperative driving strategy, it is beneficial for an autonomous vehicle to incorporate the intended motion of surrounding vehicles within its own motion planning. However, as intentions cannot be measured directly and the motion of multiple vehicles often are highly interdependent, this incorporation has proven challenging. In this paper, the problem of maneuver estimation is addressed, focusing on situations with close interaction between traffic participants. Therefore, we define collective maneuvers based on trajectory homotopy, describing the relative motion of multiple vehicles in a scene. Representing maneuvers by sample trajectories, maneuver-dependent prediction models of the vehicle states can be defined. This allows for a Bayesian estimation of maneuver probabilities given observations of the real motion. The approach is evaluated by simulation in overtaking scenarios with oncoming traffic and merging scenarios at an intersection.","PeriodicalId":143367,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","volume":"10 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120982160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Assessing driver cortical activity under varying levels of automation with functional near infrared spectroscopy 用功能性近红外光谱法评估不同自动化水平下驾驶员皮层活动
2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IVS.2017.7995923
S. Sibi, Stephanie Balters, Brian K. Mok, M. Steinert, Wendy Ju
{"title":"Assessing driver cortical activity under varying levels of automation with functional near infrared spectroscopy","authors":"S. Sibi, Stephanie Balters, Brian K. Mok, M. Steinert, Wendy Ju","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2017.7995923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995923","url":null,"abstract":"Information about drivers' mental states can be vital to the design of interfaces for highly automated vehicles. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a neuroimaging tool that is fast becoming popular to study the cortical activity of participants in HCI experiments and driving simulator studies in particular. The analysis methods of the fNIRS data create requirements in the experimental design such as repeated measures. In this paper, we present a study of the event related cortical activity of the drivers of manual, partially autonomous, and fully autonomous cars when performing lane changes using functional near infrared spectroscopic measures. We also present the experimental methodology that was adopted to meet the needs of the fNIRS measurement and the subsequent analysis. The study (N=28) was conducted in a driving simulator. Participants drove for approximately 7 minutes and performed 8 lane change maneuvers in each mode of automation. Multiple streams of data including 4 time-synced video recordings, NASA TLX questionnaires and fNIRS data were recorded and analyzed. It was found that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation during lane changes performed in a partially autonomous mode of operation was just as high as that during a manual lane change, showing that drivers of partially automated systems are as cognitively engaged as drivers of manually operated vehicles.","PeriodicalId":143367,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121110374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Pose estimation with lidar odometry and cellular pseudoranges 利用激光雷达里程计和细胞伪距进行位姿估计
2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IVS.2017.7995956
Joe J. Khalife, S. Ragothaman, Z. Kassas
{"title":"Pose estimation with lidar odometry and cellular pseudoranges","authors":"Joe J. Khalife, S. Ragothaman, Z. Kassas","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2017.7995956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995956","url":null,"abstract":"A pose estimation framework by fusing light detection and ranging (lidar) odometry measurements and cellular pseudoranges using an extended Kalman filter is proposed. Iterative closest point (ICP) is used to solve for the relative pose between lidar scans. A maximum likelihood estimator is developed for lidar scan registration. The proposed framework works with few ICP iterations; hence, can be used for real-time applications. The framework is tested experimentally, and it is demonstrated that the two-dimensional position root mean square error obtained with ICP only can be reduced by 93.58% by fusing lidar odometry and cellular pseudoranges.","PeriodicalId":143367,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124740673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Free-space detection with fish-eye cameras 用鱼眼相机进行自由空间探测
2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IVS.2017.7995710
Simon Hanisch, Rubén Heras Evangelio, H. Tadjine, Michael Pätzold
{"title":"Free-space detection with fish-eye cameras","authors":"Simon Hanisch, Rubén Heras Evangelio, H. Tadjine, Michael Pätzold","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2017.7995710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995710","url":null,"abstract":"Advance Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) have gained huge attention in the last decades. One of the fundamental steps of the video processing chain is the detection of areas where the car can drive through, i.e. free-space. In this paper we present an approach for the detection of free-space which is based on image segmentation and classification of the obtained image segments. For the image segmentation step we use several state-of-the-art approaches. The classification is done by a random-forest classifier trained to label the image segments with one of three geometric classes (ground, sky, vertical) based on spatial, color and shape features. Segments labelled as ground are used to detect the free-space area in front of the car. Furthermore, a comparison of the results obtained by using different segmentation approaches is provided.","PeriodicalId":143367,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126051750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Observer-based controller with integral action for longitudinal vehicle speed control 车辆纵向速度控制的观测器积分控制
2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IVS.2017.7995739
B. Boulkroune, S. V. Aalst, Kris Lehaen, J. D. Smet
{"title":"Observer-based controller with integral action for longitudinal vehicle speed control","authors":"B. Boulkroune, S. V. Aalst, Kris Lehaen, J. D. Smet","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2017.7995739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995739","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we consider the design and experimental validation of a longitudinal speed control. An observer-based controller with integral action (OBCI) is designed for Linear parameter-varying (LPV) systems. To deal with system modeling inaccuracies and the perturbation/measurements noises, the controller combines in the design procedure the integral action and H∞ technique. Besides, a modified version of the well-known Young's relation is also used. Furthermore, the control design problem is transformed in a convex optimization problem through a set of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). The performances of the proposed approach are illustrated through experimental results.","PeriodicalId":143367,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126064153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Distributed robust vehicle state estimation 分布式鲁棒车辆状态估计
2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IVS.2017.7995798
E. Hashemi, Mohammad Pirani, B. Fidan, A. Khajepour, Shih-Ken Chen, B. Litkouhi
{"title":"Distributed robust vehicle state estimation","authors":"E. Hashemi, Mohammad Pirani, B. Fidan, A. Khajepour, Shih-Ken Chen, B. Litkouhi","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2017.7995798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995798","url":null,"abstract":"A distributed estimation approach based on opinion dynamics is proposed to enhance the reliability of vehicle corners' velocity estimates. The corners' estimates, which are obtained from a Kalman filter, is formed by integrating the model-based and kinematic-based velocity estimation approaches. These estimates are utilized as opinions with different levels of confidence in the developed algorithm. More reliable estimates robust to disturbances and time delay are achieved via solving a convex optimization problem. Vehicle tests with various driveline configurations are performed to verify the estimator performance under different surfaces friction conditions in pure and combined-slip (combination of longitudinal/lateral) maneuvers, which are arduous for the current vehicle state estimators.","PeriodicalId":143367,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123403807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Real-time hand posture and gesture-based touchless automotive user interface using deep learning 使用深度学习的实时手部姿势和基于手势的非接触式汽车用户界面
2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IVS.2017.7995825
V. John, Makoto Umetsu, Ali Boyali, S. Mita, Masayuki Imanishi, Norio Sanma, Syunsuke Shibata
{"title":"Real-time hand posture and gesture-based touchless automotive user interface using deep learning","authors":"V. John, Makoto Umetsu, Ali Boyali, S. Mita, Masayuki Imanishi, Norio Sanma, Syunsuke Shibata","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2017.7995825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995825","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a vision based in-car entertainment user interface is presented. The user interface is designed using a hand posture and gesture recognition algorithm in deep learning framework. The hand posture recognition algorithm is formulated using the convolutional neural network to perform the fundamental tasks in the user interface. The hand gesture recognition algorithm is formulated using the long-term recurrent convolutional neural network to intuitively interact with the touchless automotive user interface in a detailed manner. In the recurrent deep learning framework, typically, the gesture frames are taken from a uniformly sampled image sequence. In this work, the recurrent structure is enhanced using a reduced number of input frames captured from the image sequence. The reduced input frames or key frames represent the action present in the video sequence. Sparse dictionary learning provide reliable key frame extraction from video sequences. However, sparse dictionary learning is computationally expensive, and are individually optimized for every video sequence. In this paper, we propose to approximate sparse dictionary learning using a non-linear regression framework. The multilayer perceptron is utilized to model the non-linear regression framework. The optimal neural network architecture is identified after a detailed evaluation. We evaluate the proposed recognition methods on public datasets. The proposed methods yield a recognition accuracy of 92% and 90% for pose and gestures, respectively. The combined hand posture and gesture recognition takes 82ms which is a reasonable for real time implementation.","PeriodicalId":143367,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125302428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Entering crossroads with blind corners. A safe strategy for autonomous vehicles 进入有死角的十字路口。自动驾驶汽车的安全策略
2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IVS.2017.7995803
S. Hörmann, Felix Kunz, Dominik Nuss, Stephan Reuter, K. Dietmayer
{"title":"Entering crossroads with blind corners. A safe strategy for autonomous vehicles","authors":"S. Hörmann, Felix Kunz, Dominik Nuss, Stephan Reuter, K. Dietmayer","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2017.7995803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995803","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in the field of environment perception and cognition enable automated vehicles to safely drive in a growing variety of complex situations. However, in situations where required information cannot be observed directly and thus the consequences of the vehicle's actions cannot be estimated with high certainty, generating a safe behavior is still an unsolved problem. This paper tackles the scenario of a left turn maneuver in an urban environment with the presence of blind corners. We consider pedestrians and vehicles possibly hidden by parking cars, buildings or vegetation. In these cases, our approach allows to safely merge into traffic by using an environment representation based on tracked objects as well as an object-free sensor fusion including the calculation of unobservable regions in a digital map. A free-to-drive section of our desired path is obtained by long-term propagation of observed or possibly unobservable movement. The presented approach allows advancing into the road in a cautious manner, successively increasing the observable area.","PeriodicalId":143367,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125549661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
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