D. Lo-Cao , A. Heggie , P.M. Schneider , M.A. Cornelis , P.M. Cattaneo
{"title":"Three-dimensional analysis of condylar displacement and mandibular segment positions following bilateral sagittal split osteotomy advancement surgery planned with virtual surgical planning: a prospective cohort study","authors":"D. Lo-Cao , A. Heggie , P.M. Schneider , M.A. Cornelis , P.M. Cattaneo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is commonly used for mandibular advancement. This study assessed the three-dimensional accuracy of the virtual surgical planning (VSP) in predicting postoperative mandibular segment positions. Furthermore, the impact of surgical manoeuvres on these positions and their correlation with cephalometric measures were explored. Twenty patients undergoing BSSO advancement (in single- or two-jaw procedures) were treated based on VSP by an experienced surgeon using inter-occlusal wafers. Rigid-wise voxel-based registration was used to superimpose pre-surgical (T0) and post-surgical (T1) cone beam computed tomography images in three distinct regions. Results showed that VSP underestimated the posterior movement of the proximal segment by 0.98 mm (95% CI 1.63 mm to 0.33 mm) and its anterior pitch by 1.08° (95% CI 0.37–1.78°). Greater distal segment advancements correlated with increased anterior pitch (β <strong>=</strong> 0.33, 95% CI 0.17–0.49) and outward torque (yaw) (β = 0.81, 95% CI 0.57–1.05) of proximal segments, while superior displacement and anterior pitch correlated with lateral (β = 0.34, 95% CI 0.18–0.49) and medial (β = −0.44, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.25) movements, respectively. Certain cephalometric measures, particularly changes in mandibular width, correlated with translational and rotational movements. In conclusion, current VSP is not fully accurate in predicting postoperative mandibular segment positions. These findings highlight the need for incorporating dynamic segment behaviour into VSP protocols to improve surgical planning accuracy and postoperative outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14332,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"55 3","pages":"Pages 319-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144983997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Stadlinger , K. Engel , A. Al-Haj Husain , H. Alkadhi
{"title":"Photon-counting detector computed tomography meets orthopantomography: a cinematic rendering solution for superior structural visualization","authors":"B. Stadlinger , K. Engel , A. Al-Haj Husain , H. Alkadhi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This technical note introduces an innovative technique for overlaying photorealistic three-dimensional (3D) visualization cinematic renderings of ultra-high-resolution photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) scans onto conventional orthopantomography (OPG) images, enhancing visualization and aiding in the detection of subsurface structures and incidental findings. OPG is commonly used to assess dentomaxillofacial conditions, generating a summation image on a two-dimensional (2D) plane through a circular tomographic path. While useful for the initial evaluation, OPG has limitations, such as overlapping structures and restricted soft tissue visualization. More detailed analysis often requires 3D imaging modalities like cone beam computed tomography or conventional computed tomography. Recently introduced PCD-CT provides high-resolution images with lower noise, enhanced soft tissue contrast, and reduced artefacts. A novel technique of overlaying a photorealistic 3D cinematic rendering of a PCD-CT scan onto a conventional 2D OPG image of the same patient is introduced that enhances OPG by revealing subsurface structures such as blood vessels and improves understanding of the 3D anatomy. By associating the 3D anatomy with this 2D image, the technique enhances the clinician’s understanding of three-dimensionality and may potentially aid in the detection of incidental findings in OPGs, such as calcifications in the angle of the jaw.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14332,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"55 3","pages":"Pages 392-395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144801342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Starch-Jensen , R. Giordano , D.M. Alsadi , N.H. Bruun , L. Arendt-Nielsen
{"title":"Patient perceptions of recovery following surgical removal of an impacted mandibular third molar and application of advanced platelet-rich fibrin: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial","authors":"T. Starch-Jensen , R. Giordano , D.M. Alsadi , N.H. Bruun , L. Arendt-Nielsen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective was to assess patient perceptions of recovery following surgical removal of mandibular third molar (SRM3) with application of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) (test) compared with SRM3 and no extraction socket intervention (control). Predictors of impaired convalescence were analysed. Eighty patients were randomly allocated (1:1) to test or control. A compulsory analgesic regimen was applied and the pain intensity before and after analgesic intake was recorded in a pain diary. Preoperative patient parameters, questionnaire results (OHIP-14, MDAS, SF-36, PASS-20), and the DMFT index were correlated with the numbers of days with pain and of sick leave. Postoperative assessments of the effects on work attendance, social and physical activities, sleep, speech, diet, and quality of life, as well as satisfaction with the treatment, were conducted after 30 days. The application of A-PRF within the extraction socket was not associated with a significant reduction in pain or in the number of days with pain (mean 8.7 vs 10.2 without A-PRF) or on sick leave (mean 1.3 vs 1.6 without A-PRF) (all <em>P</em> > 0.05). No significant difference was found for any of the outcomes. Preoperative employment status (employed) and the SF-36 ‘physical function’ domain score were found to be predictors of impaired convalescence. Routine application of A-PRF following SRM3 is, therefore, not recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14332,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"55 3","pages":"Pages 373-384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145357360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ramos-Zayas , I. Zubillaga Rodríguez , G. Sánchez-Aniceto , A. Delgado Fernández , J.L. Cebrián Carretero , J. Acero Sanz , F. López-Medrano
{"title":"A predictive risk score for infections following head and neck free flap reconstruction: insights from a multicentre study","authors":"A. Ramos-Zayas , I. Zubillaga Rodríguez , G. Sánchez-Aniceto , A. Delgado Fernández , J.L. Cebrián Carretero , J. Acero Sanz , F. López-Medrano","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are common complications in head and neck free flap reconstruction and can negatively impact patient outcomes. This prospective multicentre study, conducted between 2019 and 2022 across three Spanish institutions, included 150 patients. The incidence, characteristics, associated complications, and risk factors of HAIs were assessed. A predictive risk score was developed using logistic regression analysis. The incidence of HAIs was 58%, with surgical site infections being the most prevalent. HAIs were associated with longer hospital stays (odds ratio (OR) 41.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 14.59–118.11; <em>P <</em> 0.001), reoperations (OR 12.59, 95% CI 4.12–38.49; <em>P <</em> 0.001), and delays in initiating adjuvant radiotherapy (OR 5.76, 95% CI 1.94–17.13; <em>P</em> = 0.002). Independent risk factors included prior radiotherapy, malignant tumour, female sex, and tracheostomy. These risk factors and ASA classification III–IV were included in the predictive score. The score assigned 1 point per risk factor, based on its β-coefficient. The observed incidence of HAIs increased with higher scores: 0% (score 0), 30% (score 1), 41% (score 2), 74% (score 3), 83% (score 4), 100% (score 5). The area under the curve for the score was 0.76, suggesting its utility in identifying high-risk patients. In conclusion, HAIs were associated with worse outcomes and their development could be predicted using the proposed risk score.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14332,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"55 3","pages":"Pages 292-301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epidemiological trends and characteristics of oral tongue cancer in females: systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"J. Hu , N. Kaunein , A. DeAngelis","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising incidence of oral tongue cancer (OTC) among younger populations and females represents an emerging epidemiological shift for which the aetiology remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the epidemiological trends of OTC in female patients and aimed to identify related risk factors and exposures. Forty-nine studies were identified following PRISMA guidelines, with pooled analyses including 35,733 females and 57,821 males from 21 studies. Overall, females showed lower odds of developing OTC compared to males (odds ratio 0.51, 95% confidence interval 0.41–0.62; <em>P</em> < 0.001). However, females exhibited a significantly higher annual percentage change (APC) in OTC incidence when compared to males (<em>P</em> = 0.010), despite significantly lower rates of smoking and alcohol consumption habits (<em>P</em> < 0.001). This trend was particularly pronounced in developed countries compared to developing countries (<em>P</em> < 0.001). The younger OTC cohort showed distinct clinical features, lower human papillomavirus infection rates, and unique mutational profiles, although current data remain insufficient to form definitive conclusions. This review highlights an epidemiological shift in OTC characterized by significantly higher APC among females, particularly in developed countries and in Western nations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14332,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"55 3","pages":"Pages 267-278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145643866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantitative and qualitative condylar morphological changes after conservative treatment in adolescents with osteoarthrosis related to anterior disc displacement without reduction","authors":"M.-H. Huang , J.-R. Zhao , J.-T. Zhu , W.-Y. Zhang , Z.-P. Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR) of the temporomandibular joint often accompanies temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis, resulting in changes in the morphology of the condyle, especially in adolescents. In this study, 324 condyles of 247 adolescents with ADDwoR, treated conservatively, were analysed through qualitative evaluations and quantitative measurements, in order to assess the process of changes in condylar morphology. The morphology of the condyle with continuous cortex exhibited greater stability in comparison with the whole sample, and the likelihood of bone loss in this category was reduced (<em>P</em> < 0.001). During follow-up (range 12–96 months, mean ± standard deviation 28.9 ± 18.1 months), over half (51.4%) of the condyles in the discontinuous condylar cortex (DCC) group transitioned to continuous condylar cortex (CCC), whereas the majority (85.7%) of the condyles in the CCC group maintained their continuity. Quantitative measurements revealed a significant association between bone loss in the condyle and a decrease in condylar height (stable vs deteriorated, <em>P</em> < 0.001), accompanied by a reduction in condylar volume (stable vs deteriorated, <em>P</em> = 0.034). Furthermore, condyles with bone loss showed restricted growth in both the mediolateral diameter (repaired vs deteriorated, <em>P</em> = 0.001; stable vs deteriorated, <em>P</em> < 0.001) and anteroposterior diameter (repaired vs deteriorated, <em>P</em> = 0.018).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14332,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"55 3","pages":"Pages 341-350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144983979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Larsen , J. Buhl , J. Wolff , T.K. Pedersen , T. Baad-Hansen , S.E. Nørholt
{"title":"Robotic-controlled laser osteotome versus manually controlled osteotomy for interdental osteotomies: a cadaveric study","authors":"N. Larsen , J. Buhl , J. Wolff , T.K. Pedersen , T. Baad-Hansen , S.E. Nørholt","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.06.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.06.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to explore the use of a cold ablation robot-guided laser osteotome (CARLO) to improve the accuracy of interdental osteotomies in orthognathic surgery. It was hypothesized that integrating CARLO during virtual preoperative planning and execution could enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of interdental osteotomies, thereby addressing challenges associated with maxillary segmentation. Ten fresh frozen human cadaveric heads were utilized to virtually plan interdental osteotomies between the lateral incisors and canines bilaterally. After surgical planning, the osteotomy on one side (randomized) was performed by CARLO, while the osteotomy on the other side was performed by one of two experienced maxillofacial surgeons using a piezoelectric saw. No significant difference in the axial distance deviations or coronal angular deviations between the virtual surgical plan and the surgical outcome were observed between the two methods. However, CARLO demonstrated significantly superior accuracy in maintaining the planned axial angulation (<em>P</em> = 0.025). Nonetheless, some deviations occurred, potentially due to calibration issues, suggesting further refinement is needed to reliably influence clinical practice. Collaborative approaches integrating robotics and surgeon intervention may optimize outcomes. These findings indicate that with further advancements, robot-assisted surgery could play a key role in improving accuracy in maxillofacial surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14332,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"55 3","pages":"Pages 333-340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144644396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Totry , A. Kasem , I. Slutzky , F. Kablan , S. Srouji , O. Nahlieli
{"title":"Surgical management of the enlarged sublingual gland in mandibular posterior dental implant rehabilitation","authors":"A. Totry , A. Kasem , I. Slutzky , F. Kablan , S. Srouji , O. Nahlieli","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of enlarged sublingual glands (SLG) that affected dental implantation procedures and prosthodontic rehabilitation is presented, along with their management. All patients were referred by their treating prosthodontists due to swelling in the floor of the mouth that caused difficulties in fitting dental implants or rehabilitation. Sixteen patients aged 27–80 years (12 female, 4 male), treated between 2015 and 2022, were included in this study. Thirteen patients had unilateral enlargement and three had bilateral enlargement of the SLG. Four patients refused to undergo surgical removal of the SLG, while 12 patients suffering from pain and discomfort around the implant underwent this procedure. All patients who underwent the surgery completed their dental rehabilitation by prosthodontists, while the patients who refused to undergo the surgery did not proceed with rehabilitation, leaving the implants submerged. Considerable difficulty is often encountered when performing implant-based mandible rehabilitation in the presence of SLG enlargement . In such cases, careful gland excision is safe and eliminates this problem. Thus, removal of the enlarged SLG can be considered before dental implantation procedures in relevant cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14332,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"55 3","pages":"Pages 368-372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Giant dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the mandible","authors":"K. Morishita , T. Naruse , N. Katase , T. Yamada","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a rare and aggressive malignant soft-tissue tumour with a poor prognosis. This report describes a case of giant DDLPS in the oral cavity, arising in the mandible. A 65-year-old woman was referred to the authors’ hospital with a mandibular swelling. A presumptive diagnosis of mandibular malignant tumour (DDLPS; T3N0M0, stage III) was made based on correlation of the clinicopathological features. Before radical surgery, a tracheostomy was performed, as there was narrowing of the pharyngeal cavity due to tumour growth. A bilateral supraomohyoid neck dissection, segmental mandibulectomy, and reconstruction with titanium plates and a free rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap were performed under general anaesthesia. Neither neoadjuvant nor adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was administered. Immunohistochemistry was positive for MDM2, CDK4, and p16, and genetic testing showed amplification of the <em>MDM2</em> and <em>CDK4</em> genes. No evidence of recurrence was observed after 18 months of follow-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14332,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"55 3","pages":"Pages 279-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}