International Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Evolving Landscape of Modern Contraceptive Use in Ethiopia: A Two-Decade Analysis.","authors":"Ermias Tadesse Beyene, Sumin Kim, Seungman Cha, Yan Jin, Myunggu Jung","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2025.1607680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2025.1607680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The prevalence of modern contraceptive use in Ethiopia has increased in the past two decades. Despite these efforts, unmet needs for modern contraception persist, with limited knowledge on regional variations and determining factors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analyzed data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS) from 2000, 2005, 2011, 2016, and 2019. Descriptive statistics examined regional variations and trends in modern contraceptive use among married, non-pregnant women. Multilevel analysis identified individual and community-level factors influencing modern contraceptive use.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Nationally, modern contraceptive prevalence (mCP) increased, but regional disparities widened, notably between Addis Ababa and Somalia, from 34.8 to 51.8 percentage points. Factors such as community wealth, residence, age, education, and number of children significantly influenced contraceptive use. The greatest increase in mCP was among women aged 15-24, with a rise of 49.4 percentage points from 2000 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tailored reproductive health services at both individual and community levels are essential to address the growing regional disparities in modern contraceptive use among married women in Ethiopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"70 ","pages":"1607680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12021618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiving Burden and Coping Strategies Among Informal Caregivers of Cancer Patients in Nigeria: From Duty to Distress.","authors":"Nnabuike Celestine Eze, Chukwudi Gift Ezeugwu, Rachael Nwanezeobi Eze, Clara Ngozi Soronnadi, Chinonyelu Jennie Orji, Onyinye Hope Chime","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2025.1607735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2025.1607735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims at determining the caregiving burden and the coping strategies adopted by informal caregivers of patients with cancer in tertiary health facilities in Enugu state.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 105 informal caregivers of cancer patients in tertiary health facilities in Enugu State using interviewer-administered questionnaires over 6 weeks. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 27 and Chi square test of statistical significance was used to determine factors associated with caregiving burden and coping strategies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority (27.6%) of caregivers were aged 41-50 years and females (62.9%). More than half (56.2) were not involved in the patients' Activities of Daily Living (ADL). The most commonly utilized coping mechanisms was religion (92.4%) while behavioral disengagement (1%) and self-blame (1%) were the least utilized. Factors associated with caregiving burden include educational level, duration of patient's illness and dependency of patient on caregiver.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the varying levels of caregiving burden and the predominant reliance on religious and acceptance-based coping strategies among informal caregivers in Enugu.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"70 ","pages":"1607735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12021601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Trust in Health Care Professionals and Health Care Access: Insights From an Online Survey Across 21 Countries.","authors":"Louisa Ewald, John Bellettiere, Tamer H Farag, Kristina M Lee, Sidhartha Palani, Emma Castro, Amanda Deen, Catherine W Gillespie, Bethany M Huntley, Alison Tracy, Anna-Carolina Haensch, Frauke Kreuter, Wiebke Weber, Stefan Zins, Wichada La Motte-Kerr, Yao Li, Kathleen Stewart, Emmanuela Gakidou, Ali H Mokdad","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2025.1607884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2025.1607884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluates the association between trust in health care professionals and health care delays across 21 countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We apply logistic regression models to survey data of over 621,000 individuals collected in Spring 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results show 44.5% of respondents with medical conditions experienced delays in accessing health care and 44.1% reported lack of trust in health care professionals. Those who trusted health care professionals had significantly lower odds of delaying medical care. Trust was most strongly associated with delays in the United Kingdom (OR = 0.373, 95% CI = 0.273-0.510), while South Africa had the smallest association (OR = 0.762, 95% CI = 0.582-0.997).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Trust is important in influencing health care-seeking behaviors, though the causal direction warrants further research. There is a need for targeted strategies to build and sustain trust in health care relationships as well as enhancing health care access.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"70 ","pages":"1607884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Among College Students and Their Association With Body Composition, Bowel Movements and Menstrual Cycle.","authors":"Anindita Ghosh, Arti Muley","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2025.1607712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2025.1607712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current research aimed to explore the association of ultra-processed food consumption among college students with body composition, bowel movements, and menstrual irregularities with a focus on females.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pune, India among 110 university students of both genders aged 18-25 years. A developed and validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) based on the NOVA classification was used to evaluate UPF consumption, while the Constipation Scoring System (CSS) and the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool assessed bowel habits and menstrual health, respectively. Anthropometric measurements, including BMI, body fat percentage,and visceral fat were recorded using an Omron Karada Analyzer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A higher percentage of participants were female (74.8%). Most participants (52.3%) consumed more than three meals daily, while 42.1% ate outside food 2-3 times per week. Higher UPF consumption showed a trend toward increased body fat (p = 0.053) and was significantly associated with greater visceral fat accumulation (p < 0.05). No significant associations were found between UPF intake and bowel movement, gastrointestinal symptoms, or menstrual cycle irregularities (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher UPF consumption showed a trend toward increased body fat percentage, though not statistically significant. These findings highlight the need to reduce UPF intake to mitigate potential risks of increased adiposity and metabolic disturbances.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"70 ","pages":"1607712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12011617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"What Is Essential Is Invisible to the Eyes\": A Short Italian Version of the Spirit at Work Scale in Healthcare.","authors":"Laura Dal Corso, Sebastiano Rapisarda, Lucia Ronconi, Damiano Girardi, Alessandra Falco","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2025.1607734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2025.1607734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We carried out two studies to contribute to the development of a shortened Italian version of the Spirit at Work Scale (I-SAWS) in healthcare and to explore SAW's mediating role between personal values (i.e., self-transcendence and self-enhancement) and both compassion satisfaction and workaholism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study 1 involved 180 healthcare workers (HCWs) who completed I-SAWS. In this study, an exploratory factor analysis was performed. Study 2 involved 191 HCWs who completed the short version of I-SAWS (I-SAWS-9) and the Italian version of the Portrait Values Questionnaire, Professional Quality of Life Scale, and Dutch Work Addiction Scale. In this study, a confirmatory factor analysis and a structural equation model with observed variables were carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study 1 identified three factors, named higher mission, optimal functioning, and joint meaning. Study 2 confirmed a three-factor model with a second-order factor, supporting the validity and reliability of I-SAWS-9. Furthermore, results confirmed the mediating role of some SAW dimensions between self-transcendence and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While SAW's association with compassion satisfaction is established, its relationship with workaholism remains ambiguous. Limitations and practical implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"70 ","pages":"1607734"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights on Late-Stage COVID-19 Pandemic Recovery From a 21-Country Online Survey.","authors":"Louisa Ewald, John Bellettiere, Tamer H Farag, Kristina M Lee, Sidhartha Palani, Emma Castro, Amanda Deen, Catherine W Gillespie, Bethany M Huntley, Alison Tracy, Ana-Carolina Haensch, Frauke Kreuter, Wiebke Weber, Stefan Zins, Wichada La Motte-Kerr, Yao Li, Kathleen Stewart, Emmanuela Gakidou, Ali H Mokdad","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2025.1607601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2025.1607601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The widespread impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health systems, economies, and societies globally requires comprehensive data to guide effective recovery efforts. Online surveys have become crucial for rapid and extensive data collection. The Pandemic Response Survey (PRS), utilizing the Facebook Active User Base (FAUB), assessed the pandemic's population-level impacts across 21 countries, gathering information on healthcare, vaccine confidence, trust, and economic and educational indicators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Conducted from March to May 2023, the PRS, translated into 15 languages, used the FAUB for gender-stratified random sampling of adults 18 years and older. The survey collected responses from 621,000 individuals, achieving a completion rate of 43%. Non-response and inverse propensity score weights were applied to calibrate the data to known demographic totals, enhancing the survey's generalizability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PRS findings reveal disparities in life satisfaction, food security, delayed healthcare, vaccine confidence, and trust across countries. Life satisfaction was reported as high by 70%-80% of respondents in Egypt, Nigeria, Colombia, and Mexico, while only 20%-30% of respondents in Indonesia, Turkiye, and Viet Nam reported the same. Approximately 50% of respondents in Nigeria, South Africa, and Colombia experienced food insecurity, in contrast to less than 10% in Italy, Japan, and Germany. In Germany, 44% of respondents expressed high vaccine confidence compared to 10.6% in South Africa. Over half of respondents in Indonesia (52.4%) reported that their child was up to date on routine immunisations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PRS demonstrates the effectiveness of online surveys in capturing actionable data during a global health crisis. The findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions and policy decisions to address the multifaceted challenges of pandemic recovery. Collaborative efforts in data collection and knowledge sharing between nations with shared profiles may foster more effective strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"70 ","pages":"1607601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mortality Rates From Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases in Taiwan: An Interventional Time Series Study.","authors":"Chen-Mao Liao, Yi-Wei Kao, Chih-Ming Lin, Pei-Yu Lai","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2025.1607723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2025.1607723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine whether the likelihood of death from non-communicable diseases nationwide was heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on mortality caused by seven leading non-communicable chronic diseases from 2011 to 2022 were extracted from Taiwan's Death Registry. Monthly standardized mortality rates were analyzed using an intervention time series model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The monthly mortality rate showed a significant upward trend during the pandemic in the rate of mortality due to heart diseases, diabetes, and hypertension diseases (p < 0.001). The 2021 monthly rates of mortality caused by the three diseases showed a significant increase of 4.3%, 8.2%, and 13.4%, respectively, compared to the 2020 rates and continued until the end of the study period. No upward or downward post-intervention shift was observed for malignant tumors, renal disease, and liver diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adverse individual behaviors and reduced health services might have raised severe concerns for patients with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Health promotion and medical resource allocation are crucial for patients with disadvantaged health and sociodemographic factors and related metabolic conditions during the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"70 ","pages":"1607723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inequities in Household Out-Of-Pocket Spending Among Urban Slum Dwellers in Southeast Nigeria.","authors":"Okechukwu Ozor, Chukwudi Nwokolo, Noemia Teixeira de Siqueira Filha, Aloysius Odii, Joseph Paul Hicks, Shushan Li, Uchenna Ezenwaka, Bryony Dawkins, Obinna Onwujekwe","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2025.1607969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2025.1607969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examines the economic burden and inequities in out-of-pocket expenditures (OOPEs) to access healthcare in urban slums in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study was undertaken in eight urban slums in Enugu and Anambra, Nigeria. Participants (n = 1,025) responded to questions on health expenditures and access to healthcare. Gamma regression was used to estimate the mean differences in OOPE. Financing incidence analysis was used to estimate inequities in OOPE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Enugu residents and individuals with formal occupations incurred lower costs than the residents in Anambra and those employed in informal occupations. Households in the middle wealth quintile incurred higher costs than those in the poorest quintile. Gini, concentration, and Kakwani indices indicated a progressive financing system, with the richest contributing proportionately more than their share of ability to pay (ATP). Poorest households used informal healthcare more.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although payment for healthcare in urban slums is progressive, the poorest households may be at risk of poor health outcomes due to reliance on informal healthcare providers. Our findings highlight the role ATP may play in healthcare denial among the urban poor.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"70 ","pages":"1607969"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Nutritional Status and Physical Activity Among Reproductive Age Women in Arba Minch Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Southern Ethiopia.","authors":"Darik Temesgen Assefa, Dessalegn Ajema Berbada, Melesse Mengesha Merkina, Desta Haftu Hayelom, Nigus Kabtu Belete, Simegn Wagaye Kefene, Befikadu Tariku Gutema","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2025.1608161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2025.1608161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Reproductive age women in Ethiopia face significant double burden malnutrition. Although underweight prevalence has declined, overweight and obesity rates are raising due to rapid nutrition transitions and physical activity levels changes. This study aimed to assess the association between nutritional status and physical activity among these women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Arba Minch Health and Demographic Surveillance Site involving 422 randomly selected women from April to May 2022. Data were collected through interviews, including weight and height measurements. Multinomial logistic regression assessed associations, with significance at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Approximately 20.1% women faced malnutrition with 7.8% underweight and 12.3% overweight/obesity. Notably, 84.6% engaging in ≥600 MET-minutes of physical activity weekly and inactive women were 2.8 times more likely to be overweight/obese. Significant associations were found between nutritional status and factors like educational status, contraceptive use, household food insecurity, and family size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased overweight/obesity risk among inactive women underscores the need for promoting active lifestyles and targeted interventions for better health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"70 ","pages":"1608161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Salt Consumption and Reduction Practices in Vietnam During 2015-2021: Analyzing Urinary Sodium Levels Among 18-69 Aged Populations.","authors":"Vu Thi Hoang Lan, Bui Thi Tu Quyen, Pham Quang Duy, Le Hoang, Hoang Van Minh","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2025.1608065","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2025.1608065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigates changes in salt intake and reduction practices among Vietnamese adults (ages 18-69), focusing on high-risk groups for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like hypertension, diabetes, and elevated BMI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants aged 18-69 from the 2015 and 2020 STEPs surveys provided data on the spot urine test. Average daily salt intake was calculated using the Intersalt Southern European equation. The prevalence of excessive salt intake was assessed, along with subgroup analyses based on demographic factors and NCD risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average salt intake decreased significantly from 9.42 g/day in 2015 to 8.07 g/day in 2020 (p < 0.01), with the most substantial decline among younger individuals. The percentage exceeding the global average of 10.78 g/day dropped from 24.88% to 8.31%. High-risk groups, including those with hypertension and diabetes, consumed more salt but also showed reductions. Awareness of salt reduction advice remained low, with only 60.9% of the general population informed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While progress has been made in reducing salt intake, ongoing public health initiatives are essential to meet recommended levels, especially for high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"70 ","pages":"1608065"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}