{"title":"Medical Assistance in Dying in Quebec: A Continuum Between Teams' Accountability and Interdisciplinary Support Groups' Assumption of Responsibility.","authors":"Catherine Perron,Eric Racine,Marie-Eve Bouthillier","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607407","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesIn the province of Quebec, Canada, interdisciplinary support groups (ISGs) are mandated to support those who are involved in the clinical, administrative, legal and ethical aspects of medical assistance in dying (MAiD). This article presents the results of a mixed-method, multi-phase study carried out in 2021 on ISGs with the aim to describe current ISG practices, critically analyze them and make recommendations on promising practices for provincial implementation.MethodSemi-structured interviews (42) and focus groups (7) with coordinators of 24 ISGs were used to identify promising practices and confirm their utility with participants.ResultsWe have distributed the ISGs along what we coined an \"ISG continuum.\" Between teams' accountability (decentralization) and ISGs' assumption of responsibility for MAiD requests (centralization), a middle ground approach, focused on the value of support, should be favored.ConclusionThe structuring of ISGs and their practices is intimately linked to their values. Harmonization of ISGs and their practices, while considering their specific values and contexts, can contribute to the equity and quality of services intended for those who request MAiD and those who support them.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"1607407"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants of Mental Health Inequalities Among People With Selected Citizenships in Germany.","authors":"Miriam Blume,Susanne Bartig,Lina Wollgast,Carmen Koschollek,Katja Kajikhina,Marleen Bug,Ulfert Hapke,Claudia Hövener","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607267","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesMental health is essential for overall health and is influenced by different social determinants. The aim of this paper was to examine which determinants are associated with mental health inequalities among people with selected citizenships in Germany.MethodsData were derived from the multilingual interview survey \"German Health Update: Fokus (GEDA Fokus)\" among adults with Croatian, Italian, Polish, Syrian, or Turkish citizenship (11/2021-05/2022). Poisson regressions were used to calculate prevalence ratios for symptoms of depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety disorder (GAD-7).ResultsSociodemographic (sex, income, age, household size) and psychosocial (social support and self-reported discrimination) determinants were associated with symptoms of depression and/or anxiety disorder. The prevalence of mental disorders varied most by self-reported discrimination.ConclusionOur findings suggest mental health inequalities among people with selected citizenships living in Germany. To reduce these, social inequities and everyday discrimination need to be addressed in structural prevention measures as well as in interventions on the communal level. Protective factors (e.g., social support) are also important to reduce mental health inequalities on the individual and community level.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"40 1","pages":"1607267"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deemah S Alfadhli,Suha M Sulimani,Sahar M Fadl,Ibtihal M Bin Jumah,Abdullah F Alanazi,Abdulaziz S Alangari
{"title":"Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Premarital Screening Individuals in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Deemah S Alfadhli,Suha M Sulimani,Sahar M Fadl,Ibtihal M Bin Jumah,Abdullah F Alanazi,Abdulaziz S Alangari","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607809","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivePremarital screening is one of the most important strategies for preventing infectious diseases such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus in populations. This study aims to explore the prevalence of these viruses and their association with potential demographic factors among individuals undergoing premarital screening in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross-sectional study design using the National Healthy Marriage Program electronic registry in the Saudi Ministry of Health. Patients were selected from the premarital screening tests for the three blood-borne viruses. Data were obtained from January to August 2021 among 114,740 individuals.ResultsHepatitis B virus infection showed the highest prevalence followed by hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency viruses. Among those who were infected, men had higher infectious disease prevalence than women. The central and western regions had the highest percentages of infection.ConclusionThe studied infections pose a continuous public health issue among premarital screening individuals in Saudi Arabia. This study identified important demographic risk factors for these diseases and highlighted the need for future strategies and long-term plans at the national level.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"41 1","pages":"1607809"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kang Huo, Suhang Shang, Jin Wang, Chen Chen, Liangjun Dang, Ling Gao, Shan Wei, Lingxia Zeng, Qiumin Qu
{"title":"Trends on Prevalence, All-Cause Mortality, and Survival Status of Dementia Patients in Rural China Based on Pooling Analysis.","authors":"Kang Huo, Suhang Shang, Jin Wang, Chen Chen, Liangjun Dang, Ling Gao, Shan Wei, Lingxia Zeng, Qiumin Qu","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606786","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>No study has reported secular trends in dementia prevalence, all-cause mortality, and survival status in rural China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established two cohorts (XRRCC1 and XRRCC2) in the same region of China, 17 years apart, to compare dementia prevalence, all-cause mortality, and survival status, and performed regression analysis to identify associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dementia prevalence was 3.49% in XRRCC1 and 4.25% in XRRCC2, with XRRCC2 showing a significantly higher prevalence (OR = 1.79, 95%CI: 1.2-2.65). All-cause mortality rates for dementia patients were 62.0% in XRRCC1 and 35.7% in XRRCC2. Mortality in the normal population of XRRCC2 decreased by 66% compared to XRRCC1, mainly due to improved survival rates in women with dementia. Dementia prevalence was positively associated with age >65, spouse-absent status, and stroke, and negatively associated with ≥6 years of education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dementia prevalence in rural China increased over 17 years, while mortality decreased. Major risk factors include aging, no spouse, and stroke, with higher education offering some protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"69 ","pages":"1606786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11374651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyon Hoekstra, Margot Mütsch, Annegret Borchard, Christina Kien, Ursula Griebler, Erik Von Elm, Eva Rehfuess, Ansgar Gerhardus, Stefan K Lhachimi
{"title":"A Structured Approach to Involve Stakeholders in Prioritising Topics for Systematic Reviews in Public Health.","authors":"Dyon Hoekstra, Margot Mütsch, Annegret Borchard, Christina Kien, Ursula Griebler, Erik Von Elm, Eva Rehfuess, Ansgar Gerhardus, Stefan K Lhachimi","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606642","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to develop and apply a structured approach for prioritising topics for systematic reviews in public health, framed according to the readily applicable PICO format, which encourages the involvement of stakeholders' preferences in a transparent matter.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a multi-stage process, consisting of a scoping and two Delphi stages with web-based surveys and invited public health stakeholders in Switzerland to participate: First, respondents specified topics for different public health domains, which were reformulated in a PICO format by content analysis. Second, respondents rated the topics using five stakeholder-refined assessment criteria. Overall rankings were calculated to assess differences between stakeholder groups and rating criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 215 respondents suggested 728 topics altogether. The response rate in the two Delphi stages was 91.6% and 77.6%, respectively. Most top-rated review topics focused on the effectiveness of interventions providing education to different target groups, followed by interventions to increase access to specific healthcare services.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our approach encourages involvement of stakeholders in identifying priorities for systematic reviews and highlights disparities between stakeholders and between individual criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"69 ","pages":"1606642"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predictive Modelling of Diabetes Risk in Population Groups Defined by Socioeconomic and Lifestyle Factors in Canada: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Katherine Lu, Kathy Kornas, Laura C Rosella","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607060","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study modelled diabetes risk for population groups in Canada defined by socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics and investigated inequities in diabetes risk using a validated population risk prediction algorithm.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We defined population groups, informed by determinants of health frameworks. We applied the Diabetes Population Risk Tool (DPoRT) to 2017/2018 Canadian Community Health Survey data to predict 10-year diabetes risk and cases across population groups. We modelled a preventive intervention scenario to estimate reductions in diabetes for population groups and impacts on the inequity in diabetes risk across income and education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The population group with at least one lifestyle and at least one socioeconomic/structural risk factor had the highest estimated 10-year diabetes risk and number of new cases. When an intervention with a 5% relative risk reduction was modelled for this population group, diabetes risk decreased by 0.5% (females) and 0.7% (males) and the inequity in diabetes risk across income and education levels was reduced.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preventative interventions that address socioeconomic and structural risk factors have potential to reduce inequities in diabetes risk and overall diabetes burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"69 ","pages":"1607060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11368776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142125613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sumanth Ratna, William B Weeks, Juan Lavista Ferres, Aneesh Chopra, Mayana Pereira
{"title":"A Methodology for Using Large Language Models to Create User-Friendly Applications for Medicaid Redetermination and Other Social Services.","authors":"Sumanth Ratna, William B Weeks, Juan Lavista Ferres, Aneesh Chopra, Mayana Pereira","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607317","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607317","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"69 ","pages":"1607317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11361957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lin Wu, Ruyi Chen, Aiping Sheng, Hongqiang Lou, Xiaowen Wang
{"title":"Self-Rated Health Status and the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study of Middle-Aged and Older Chinese.","authors":"Lin Wu, Ruyi Chen, Aiping Sheng, Hongqiang Lou, Xiaowen Wang","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606401","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Evidence on the relationship between self-rated health status and incident type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in China is scarce. This study aims to examine the prospective association of self-rated health status with the subsequent risk of T2DM among middle-aged and older Chinese subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study of 9844 Chinese individuals aged 45 years or older. Cox proportional hazards models were used to yield hazard ratios (HRs) relating self-rated health status to the 7-year incidence of T2DM, adjusting for conventional risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to those with very good or good self-rated health, individuals with poor health had a significantly higher risk of developing T2DM in the multivariable-adjusted model [HR = 1.36 (1.07, 1.73)]. Subgroup analysis by sex showed stronger associations in women [HR = 1.53 (1.11, 2.12)]. Interaction analyses indicated that factors such as age, sex, obesity, smoking status, drinking status, history of hypertension and history of dyslipidemia did not modify the association (all <i>P</i>-interaction >0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Poor self-rated health status is associated with a higher risk of developing T2DM in middle-aged and older Chinese people.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"69 ","pages":"1606401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Overview of Available Functioning Data in Switzerland: Supporting the Use of Functioning as a Health Indicator Alongside Mortality and Morbidity.","authors":"Beatriz Moreira, Jsabel Hodel, Melissa Selb, Jiin Kim, Carolina Fellinghauer, Jerome Bickenbach, Carla Sabariego","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify official sources that routinely collect data on functioning in Switzerland, to provide an overview of the existing data and its comparability, and to assess the extent to which the data is suitable for developing a functioning metric and indicator.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data sources were identified through an iterative search. Standardized rules were applied to map the functioning information assessed by the sources using a current WHO functioning and disability survey as a reference framework for the content comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four sources were identified: the Swiss Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), the Swiss Health Survey (SHS), the Lausanne cohort 65+ (Lc65+), and the Swiss Household Panel (SHP). All tools addressed sleep functions, energy level, emotional functions, and sensation of pain. Additionally, nine functioning categories were common across three sources.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Population data sources in Switzerland routinely collect comparable functioning data, which can serve as the basis for creating a functioning indicator. Among others, this indicator is relevant to complement mortality and morbidity data and to support both the estimation of rehabilitation and long-term care needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"69 ","pages":"1607366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolution of Esophageal Cancer Incidence Patterns in Hong Kong, 1992-2021: An Age-Period-Cohort and Decomposition Analysis.","authors":"Lijun Wang, Jianqiang Du, Haifeng Sun","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607315","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To elucidate the historical trends, underlying causes and future projections of esophageal cancer incidence in Hong Kong.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing the Age-Period-Cohort (APC) model, we analyzed data from the Hong Kong Cancer Registry (1992-2021) and United Nations World Population Prospects 2022 Revision. Age-standardized incidence rates were computed, and APC models evaluated age, period, and cohort effects. Bayesian APC modeling, coupled with decomposition analysis, projected future trends and identified factors influencing incidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1992 and 2021, both crude and age-standardized incidence rates of esophageal cancer witnessed significant declines. Net drifts exhibited pronounced downward trends for both sexes, with local drift diminishing across all age groups. Period and cohort rate ratios displayed a consistent monotonic decline for both sexes. Projections indicate a continued decline in esophageal cancer incidence. Population decomposition analysis revealed that epidemiological changes offset the increase in esophageal cancer cases due to population growth and aging.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The declining trend of esophageal cancer in Hong Kong is influenced by a combination of age, period, and cohort. Sustaining and enhancing these positive trends requires continuous efforts in public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":"69 ","pages":"1607315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11335483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}