{"title":"Impact of interfacial degradation on flexural-torsional instability of sandwich beams","authors":"Avi Wurf, Yeoshua Frostig, Oded Rabinovitch","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the impact of interfacial degradation and localized interfacial damage on the flexural–torsional nonlinear instability of sandwich beams. For that purpose, a nonlinear high-order sandwich beam model that incorporates the presence of imperfect interfaces that link the face sheets and the core with the potential evolution of lateral-flexural instability is developed. The research questions relate to the effect of such interfaces on the soft-core sandwich beam and its nonlinear response in the context of the lateral-torsional instability. The investigation refers to the formation of instabilities, the corresponding critical loads, the nonlinear post-buckling behavior, and their variation with the degradation of the interfaces. Along with the new modeling approach, the findings outlined in the paper include new quantitative insight into the complex nonlinear response and the role played by the ability of the interfaces to transfer tractions and maintain compatibility. The analysis reveals that the deterioration of the interfacial state affects not only the critical level of load but also the order of evolution of instabilities and particularly their nature: a stiffening post-buckling, a limit-point behavior, or a snap-through one. All depending on the interfacial properties. Together, they affect the rich deformation, traction, and stress fields in the sandwich structure and, correspondingly, the resilience of the sandwich beam.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 113427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Changhong Linghu , Wentao Mao , Haoyu Jiang , Huajian Gao , K. Jimmy Hsia
{"title":"Rubber-to-glass adhesion between a rigid sphere and a shape memory polymer substrate of finite thickness","authors":"Changhong Linghu , Wentao Mao , Haoyu Jiang , Huajian Gao , K. Jimmy Hsia","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are emerging as innovative smart adhesive materials with broad application potential. Compared to conventional elastomeric adhesives, SMP adhesives are distinguished by the so-called rubber-to-glass (R2G) adhesion, which involves contact in the rubbery state followed by detachment in the glassy state. This process, through a shape-locking effect, enhances adhesion strength by more than an order of magnitude compared to conventional adhesive contact. Here, we investigate the fundamental problem of a rigid sphere undergoing R2G adhesion with an SMP substrate of finite thickness through experiments, finite element (FE) simulations, and theoretical modeling. It is demonstrated that during press-in, the contact problem can be modeled as a rigid oblate spheroid contacting an infinite substrate, while the pull-off process can be described by a modified ball-and-socket model. These equivalent models yield practically useful analytical solutions for the contact radius during press-in and the R2G adhesion force during pull-off. A critical thickness-to-contact-radius ratio of around 5 is identified, below which the thickness effect becomes significant. These insights provide valuable guidance for the design and application of SMP-based smart adhesives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 113431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Makoto Uchida , Hiroto Sato , Yoshihisa Kaneko , Dai Okumura , Mokarram Hossain
{"title":"Evaluation of intermolecular interactions of hydrogels: Experimental study and constitutive modeling","authors":"Makoto Uchida , Hiroto Sato , Yoshihisa Kaneko , Dai Okumura , Mokarram Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanical properties of hydrogels are significantly influenced by the solvent content. In particular, inelastic deformation occurs in dried hydrogels. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated the inelastic deformation of a hydrogel introduced by intermolecular interactions under uniaxial tensile loading–unloading tests and established a visco-hyperelastic model describing the experimentally observed inelastic behavior based on the transient network theory. The development of the strain field during the test was measured using digital image correlation (DIC) method, and the relationship between the true stress and the true strain was evaluated using the obtained strain field. A significant difference between the loading and the unloading responses was observed for the dried hydrogel specimens. This result indicates that intermolecular interactions induce irreversible deformation when the intermolecular chain distance is smaller. A non-dimensional parameter corresponding to the intermolecular chain distance was introduced to describe the irreversible response of the hydrogel observed in the experimental study. This parameter is a function of the densities of molecular chains, number of segments per chain, and stretching accompanied by swelling and drying. A visco-hyperelastic model was established by introducing the proposed parameter into the transient network theory. The proposed model qualitatively and quantitatively reproduced the experimentally observed features of the mechanical response of the hydrogel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 113428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hygrothermal progressive damage model for resin-infused thermoplastic non-crimp fabric composites","authors":"S.M. Hussnain , S.Z.H. Shah , P.S.M. Megat-Yusoff , R.S. Choudhry , M.Z. Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a hygrothermal progressive damage model for resin-infused thermoplastic (Elium®) non-crimp fabric (NCF) composites [0,90] <sub>n</sub>. A micro-mechanics-based analytical model is proposed to determine the thermal and moisture expansion coefficients of NCF composites, while the degradation in the elastic constants and strength parameters at different ageing temperatures (35 °C and 70 °C) is estimated using empirical models to predict the damage response of aged and unaged NCF composites. The accuracy of the proposed hygrothermal model was evaluated by simulating quasi-static tensile and compression tests, along with dynamic low-velocity impact tests conducted at impact energies of 30 J and 90 J, on both unaged and aged NCF composites under conditions of 35 °C and 70 °C. The finite element predictions were compared with the experimental results. The model accurately predicted the static and dynamic responses and damage severity in unaged and aged NCF composites, highlighting the reliability of the developed model for design applications. Thus, the model and methodology described in this paper provide a reliable tool for engineers in the marine, aerospace, and automotive industries to enhance design accuracy, ensuring durability and long-term reliable performance and safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 113422"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Micromechanical investigation of the asymptotic behaviour of granular materials","authors":"Bo Liu , Zhen-Yu Yin , Pierre-Yves Hicher","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laboratory experiments have shown that the proportional shearing of granular materials along arbitrary strain path directions will lead to stress states that converge asymptotically to proportional stress paths with constant stress ratios. The macro- and microscopic characteristics of this asymptotic behaviour, as well as the existence of asymptotic states exhibiting a constant stress ratio and a steady strain-rate direction, have been studied using the discrete element method (DEM). Proportional shearing along a wide range of strain-rate directions and from various initial stress/density states has been conducted. The simulation results suggest that general contractive asymptotic states (except for isotropic states) do exist but may be practically unattainable. Dilative strain path simulations, on the other hand, result in continuously changing stress ratios until static liquefaction occurs, indicating the absence of dilative asymptotic states. Despite this difference, a unique relationship between the stress increments and the current stress ratio gradually emerges from all strain path simulations, regardless of strain path direction and initial stress/density conditions. At the particle scale, the granular assembly sheared along proportional strain paths exhibits a constant partition ratio between strong and weak contacts. Although general proportional strain paths are associated with changing geometric and mechanical anisotropies, the rates of change in these anisotropies for contractive strain paths are synchronised to maintain a constant ratio of their contributions to the mobilised shear strength of the material, with a higher proportion being contributed by geometric anisotropy for more dilative strain paths.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 113423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martina Stavole , Rodrigo T. Sato Martín de Almagro , Vanessa Dörlich , Sigrid Leyendecker
{"title":"On the determination of effective stiffness properties of multilayered axisymmetric beams via analytic and experimental approaches","authors":"Martina Stavole , Rodrigo T. Sato Martín de Almagro , Vanessa Dörlich , Sigrid Leyendecker","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work we derive formulas to compute effective torsion, extension, bending and shear stiffness coefficients for <span><math><mi>n</mi></math></span>-layered axisymmetric beams that take into account the coupling due to deformation between layers. Further, the contributions of this coupling are studied for the case of two- and three-layered circular cross-sections. Finally, we proceed to check the applicability of the results to a particular case of interest, that of unloaded endoscope shafts. For this purpose, we show the results of an experimental campaign carried out on the medical devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 113407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wanderson F. dos Santos , Alina S.L. Rodrigues , Igor A. Rodrigues Lopes , Francisco M. Andrade Pires , Sergio P.B. Proença , Zilda C. Silveira
{"title":"Analysis of a novel 3D-printed mechanical metamaterial with tension-induced undulation: Experimental and numerical investigations","authors":"Wanderson F. dos Santos , Alina S.L. Rodrigues , Igor A. Rodrigues Lopes , Francisco M. Andrade Pires , Sergio P.B. Proença , Zilda C. Silveira","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mechanical metamaterials are advanced structures with tailored microarchitectures designed to achieve unique mechanical properties for cutting-edge applications. This study explores a novel metamaterial exhibiting tension-induced undulation by combining additive manufacturing and finite element simulations. Using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), test specimens are 3D-printed from polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) and subjected to uniaxial tensile tests to analyse mechanical behaviour, including undulation phenomena, failure mechanisms, and cyclic plasticity. Complementary numerical analyses involve Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of unit cell arrays and <span><math><msup><mrow><mtext>FE</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> multi-scale modelling to capture macro- and micro-scale interactions. The integration of experimental and numerical approaches provides valuable insights into the potential and challenges of leveraging 3D printing and computational modelling for the efficient design and fabrication of architected metamaterials. The comparison between experimental data and numerical results allows the assessment of the advantages and challenges of integrating 3D printing and modelling options to enhance the design and fabrication processes of architected metamaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 113402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anisotropic elasto-plastic coupling model for soils incorporating fabric evolution","authors":"Y. Yu, Z.X. Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For many solids, irreversible deformation is often accompanied by changes in the internal structure, impacting the reversible responses, a phenomenon termed elasto-plastic coupling. This coupling has been observed experimentally in various geomaterials, including clayey and sandy soils, as well as hard and soft rocks. Fabric anisotropy, which characterizes the internal structure, is a distinct feature of soils and significantly influences both reversible and irreversible behaviors. In this study, we adopted a coupling formulation based on the framework of anisotropic critical state theory (ACST) to describe the anisotropic elasto–plastic coupling response of soils. The formulation incorporates a deviatoric fabric tensor <strong>F</strong>, which consistently quantifies the internal structure of soils in both reversible and irreversible range, into a hyperelastic formulation and a plastic model, respectively. A novel evolution rule of <strong>F</strong>, defined based on the current stress ratio and plastic strain, is proposed, where the direction gradually aligns with the loading direction and the norm achieves different asymptotic values depending on the applied loading paths. This allows for the representation of evolved anisotropy effects on elasticity, dilatancy and strength simultaneously, providing a natural description of elasto-plastic coupling. Within this coupling framework, any anisotropic model within ACST can serve as the plastic platform for developing the elasto–plastic coupling models with anisotropic hyperelasticity. Herein, a bounding surface plastic model is utilized for illustration. The proposed model’s performance is demonstrated by especially comparing simulated results to test data on evolving elastic stiffness ratios and overall elastoplastic responses under varying monotonic and cyclic loading conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 113421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahdi Manoochehrtayebi , Aline Bel-Brunon , Martin Genet
{"title":"Finite strain micro-poro-mechanics: Formulation and compared analysis with macro-poro-mechanics","authors":"Mahdi Manoochehrtayebi , Aline Bel-Brunon , Martin Genet","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porous materials are ubiquitous in nature – notably living tissues, which often undergo large deformations – and engineering applications. Poromechanics is an established theory to model the response of such materials; however, it is limited in its description of microscale phenomena, and structure-properties relationships. In this paper, we propose a microscopic poromechanical model based on a novel formulation of the micro-poro-mechanics problem, which allows to compute the response of any porous periodic microstructure to any loading involving fluid pressure, macroscopic strain, and/or macroscopic stress. We systematically compare the global response of our micro-model to macro-poromechanics, in both the infinitesimal and finite strain settings, and investigate in particular three mechanisms, namely solid compressibility, strain-pressure coupling and deviatoric-volumetric strain coupling. We notably illustrate how the micro-model can be used to derive macroscopic parameters, and how these parameters depend on microscopic features like pore shape, porosity, material properties, etc. This modeling framework will be the basis for powerful micro-poro-mechanical models of various materials and tissues, where pore-scale phenomena can be incorporated explicitly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 113354"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonlinear bending of sandwich beams made of FG-GPLRC faces and FGP core using different micromechanical models for approximating material properties","authors":"Nuttawit Wattanasakulpong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to apply various micromechanical models for predicting effective material properties of sandwich beams built from high-strength materials of faces reinforced by graphene platelets (GPLs) and high-flexural core of porous materials. GPLs content at the faces and pores at the core are varied in form of functionally graded materials with various patterns of distribution. When the material properties of the sandwich beams are successfully defined, they are brought to evaluate their structural performance in terms of bending resistances under various kinds of transverse distributed loads. Generalized beam theory consisting of several higher-order shear deformable functions is employed to create the governing equations based on a von Kármán type nonlinear strain–displacement relationship. Many important parameters such as GPLs content, porous coefficient, beam’s geometry, sandwich thickness ratio and others which affect significantly the bending results of deflection and stresses of the beams are taken into account. All new results are presented in data and graphical forms which can serve as a benchmark for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 113420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}