International Journal of Solids and Structures最新文献

{"title":"Constitutive modelling and validating of annealed copper under various stress states, strain rates and temperatures","authors":"Yutian Du ,&nbsp;Zejian Xu ,&nbsp;Hongzhi Hu ,&nbsp;Mengyu Su ,&nbsp;Ang Hu ,&nbsp;Fenglei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metallic materials and structures are often subjected to a wide range of strain, strain rate, temperature and stress state during the engineering application. In order to study the plastic and deformation characteristics of metallic materials under complex stress states, it is necessary to use a constitutive model that considers the effects of stress states. Based on shear specimens suitable for hydraulic Instron testing machines and Hopkinson bar systems (SHPB and SHTB), the compression-shear and tension-shear specimens are designed to achieve complex stress states. Through a combination of test and parallel finite element simulation, stress–strain curves of the material under various stress states were obtained. Additionally, mechanical property tests were conducted on specimens under typical stress states (uniaxial compression, uniaxial tension, and shear) at a wide range of strain rates and temperatures. To describe the plastic mechanical behavior of materials, a new plastic constitutive model considering temperature, strain rate, and stress state is proposed. Then the model was embedded into the ABAQUS/Explicit finite element software through the VUMAT user material subroutine for numerical simulation. The performance of the new model was systematically compared and analyzed with that of Johnson-Cook model and Xu et al.’s model. The ability of the prediction of plastic deformation in Taylor impact test was evaluated for different models. The results show that the new constitutive model is suitable for predicting the impact deformation associated with complex strain rates, temperatures, and stress states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 113312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement and calculation method for circumferential plastic strain ratio of anisotropic aluminum alloy tubes","authors":"Xiao-Lei Cui ,&nbsp;Qianxi Sun ,&nbsp;Yichun Wang ,&nbsp;Shijian Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the finite element analysis (FEA) accuracy of forming hollow tubular components, it is urgent to determine the circumferential mechanical properties of thin-walled tube blanks, especially the plastic strain ratio <em>r_θ</em>, and further investigate their anisotropic deformation and hardening behaviors. In this paper, a new segment-type ring expansion test (SRET) method was established for directly measuring <em>r_θ</em> based on digital image correlation (DIC). It was shown by theoretical analysis that an approximately uniaxial and uniform stress state can be generated when the number of segments is 12 and the initial width-to-diameter ratio of the specimen is about 0.10. It was experimentally proved that the relative error of the measured <em>r_θ</em> of 304 stainless steel welded tube was less than 1 % compared with the <em>r</em>-value of the original 304 sheet. Then, the <em>r_θ</em> of aluminum alloy (6061) tubes was obtained by the SRET method, and the biaxial tensile deformation of the tubes was realized by a controllable biaxial tension test. It is shown that the axial and circumferential plastic strain ratios were 0.460 and 0.638, respectively. The strain path of equal-biaxial stress deviated from the equal-biaxial strain path, and the strain paths of <em>σ_z</em> / <em>σ_θ</em> = 0.75 and 1.333 (reciprocal) were asymmetrically distributed along the equal-biaxial strain line. These results indicate the tubes’ apparent anisotropic deformation behaviors. Finally, the effect of <em>r_θ</em> and yield criterion on predicting the anisotropic hardening behavior was analyzed using the effective stress–strain curve. The results illustrate that <em>r_θ</em> must be considered, and the Balart89 yield criterion with higher order has higher accuracy compared with the Hill48 yield criterion. This research is significant for improving and evaluating the prediction accuracy of plastic constitutive models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 113311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ductile damage analysis under extreme low-cycle biaxial shear loadings: Experiments and simulations","authors":"Zhichao Wei ,&nbsp;Marleen Harting ,&nbsp;Steffen Gerke ,&nbsp;Michael Brünig","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addresses the experimental and numerical analysis of ductile damage under extremely low-cycle loading conditions with a large strain range. Shear cyclic loading stress states with stress triaxiality of approximately zero are generated using the biaxially loaded cruciform X0-specimen, with equal positive and negative forces applied to different loading axes. Monotonic and various symmetric cyclic loading patterns are designed to investigate the influence of loading histories on the material response at both macro- and micro-levels. The numerical calculations are performed using a novel anisotropic continuum damage model. For plasticity, the hydrostatic sensitivity Drucker–Prager yield condition with combined hardening is used to characterize the isotropic plastic behavior. Additionally, an anisotropic damage strain tensor that considers stress state influences is used to predict the occurrence and development of damage. Digital image correlation (DIC) technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique enable comparison of experimental and numerical results in different aspects. The numerical results for load–displacement curves, total strain field, and damage strains agree well with the experimental data, as confirmed by quantitative error analysis in load–displacement curves and statistical analysis of SEM images.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 113292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bond exchange reactions as a paradigm for mitigating residual stress in polymer matrix fiber composites","authors":"Zhongtong Wang ,&nbsp;Robert J. Wagner ,&nbsp;Tianke Chen ,&nbsp;Sagar P. Shah ,&nbsp;Marianna Maiaru ,&nbsp;Meredith N. Silberstein","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer matrix fiber composites often suffer from residual stresses due to differences in coefficients of thermal expansion between the fibers and resins, as well as contractile strain of the resins during curing. To address residual stress driven composite failure, we propose the use of vitrimers as composite resins, which can undergo thermally activated, stress alleviating, bond exchange reactions (BERs). We conduct fiber Bragg grating measurements for a single glass fiber within bulk vitrimer. These show that the fiber strain in vitrimers with 5% catalyst is significantly lower than in those with 0% catalyst (minimal BER expected) during both curing and post-curing phases. We developed a finite deformation, micromechanically-inspired model that incorporates curing, thermal processes, and BERs, and then implemented this model it into finite element software to simulate stress evolution within single fiber composite systems. The combination of experimental and computational results reveals that BERs can effectively mitigate, but not eliminate, the residual stress in polymer matrix fiber composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 113286"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying hyperelastic material parameters using force balance and partial displacement data","authors":"Farshid Masoumi,&nbsp;Jia Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents an inverse method for extracting constitutive parameters in hyperelastic materials from partial field displacement data. The work is motivated by applications in which some displacement data are unavailable or too noisy to use. The method is developed on the basis of finite element force balance, and can be readily interfaced with finite element program. The method is evaluated using simulated displacement data with added noise. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional test problems are introduced to collectively assess the sensitivity to noise level, tolerance to missing data, the feasibility identifying heterogeneous properties using surface data only, and the influence of using local force distribution versus using the force resultant. In addition, a cross-model analysis is conducted in some test problems to evaluate influence of material model. A novel scheme involving deep learning network is introduced to smooth the noised displacement and generate the input displacements for different meshes. The forward displacement computation is carried out only at the finest mesh level. The simulated displacements with added white noised is smoothed, and the ensuing displacement field is evaluated at coarse meshes to generate the input data for the coarse models. The tests showed that, up to 10% noise, method performed satisfactorily and robustly in all cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 113283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Path-independent axisymmetric J-integral for the chemo-mechanical fracture analysis of elastoplastic electrodes in lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Tian Tian ,&nbsp;Yong Li ,&nbsp;Bailin Zheng ,&nbsp;Fuqian Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>J</em>-integral, which is commonly used to analyze the crack propagation under mechanical loading, loses path-independence in chemo-mechanical coupling problems. Research has been focused on the development of two-dimensional coupled chemo-mechanical integrals to address this issue. However, directly calculating the two-dimensional coupled chemo-mechanical integrals in axisymmetric plane does not provide the energy release rate. There is a need to develop path-independent integrals for axisymmetric chemo-mechanical coupling problems. This work introduces a path-independent axisymmetric <em>J</em>-integral for chemo-mechanical fracture problems, which is established by extending the three-dimensional surface integrals under chemo-mechanical loading to axisymmetric structure and loading. The path-independence of the proposed integral is demonstrated both theoretically and numerically. Using an axisymmetric elastoplastic incremental model, the fracture behavior of a silicon anode particle with pre-existing conical cracks is examined as a practical example. The impacts of crack size, crack inclination angle, and surface flux on the crack propagation are studied. Numerical results are presented in phase diagrams to illustrate the changes in the maximum value of the integral during lithiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 113291"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Machine learning-based model to predict residual stress in aluminum shell formed by shot peening","authors":"Amirhossein Golmohammadi,&nbsp;Hossein Soroush,&nbsp;Saeed Khodaygan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Uncertainties and errors caused in the experimental procedure and finite element modeling (FEM) of the shot peening can impact the residual stress (RS) magnitude and distribution significantly. In the present work, a machine learning-based model is used to predict the RS distribution in an Al 2024 shell formed by the shot peening process. The experimental test is performed to measure the induced RS at three points around the center of the shell. FEM is performed to capture the RS diagram considering single-shot and multi-shot scenarios. FEM validation with experimental results is also carried out. In the next step, K-nearest neighbors (KNN), random forest (RF), and XGBoost algorithms predicted the RS profile considering data with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% noise. The results show that the KNN algorithm indicates the highest accuracy in estimating the location and value of the maximum negative residual stress (MNRS), which is about 97.6%. However, this model is influenced by the applied random noise and cannot estimate the RS profile correctly. On the other hand, although the RF model has a 5% higher mean error in predicting the value and location of the MNRS, it has accurately forecasted the RS diagram.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 113250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of the distance between crack tip and grain boundary in mechanics of crack propagation in bicrystal silicon","authors":"Sunil Kumar Dutta,&nbsp;Gaurav Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fracture in polycrystalline silicon solar cell is affected by the distance (DCG) between the crack tip and grain boundary (GB). The mechanics of crack propagation processes can be understood by studying the bicrystal silicon as a primer. In the present work, the role of distance between the crack tip and GB on the mechanics of crack propagation has been studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Four hypothetical bicrystals of different DCG have been considered for the present study. A side edge crack has been made and an uniaxial extension has been applied perpendicular to the initial crack plane.</div><div>The analysis of fracture processes like crack propagation initiation, crack/GB interaction, crack arrest and re-initiation requires the determination of stress intensity factor (SIF), crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) and energy release rate (ERR) through near-tip mechanics. SIFs calculated using the near-tip stress field are quite useful for this analysis. However, SIF cannot be calculated when crack tip is close to the GB (DCG <span><math><mo>≤</mo></math></span> 50 Å). To overcome this limitation, ERR, evaluated using CTOD, has been used for all the analysis when crack tip is close to the GB. The CTOD determination is not an established method at atomistic scale. Hence, in the present work, ERR determined through CTOD will be verified for atomistic scale through atomistic and continuum scale <span><math><mi>J</mi></math></span> integral. <span><math><mi>J</mi></math></span> integral at atomistic scale is determined using volume integral method and verified by its path independence.</div><div>From the present analysis, it has been found that when the crack tip is close to GB (DCG <span><math><mo>≤</mo></math></span> 50 Å), the crack propagation initiation occurs at lower ERR and remote strain. With the increase in DCG, the crack propagation initiation happens at a higher ERR and strain. The effect of DCG becomes less relevant after a certain value, beyond which the crack propagation initiation resembles that of Single Crystal (SC). Further, the crack GB interaction and crack propagation in these bicrystals happened differently due to the different DCGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 113280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tensile and shear interactions for graphene grown on sapphire","authors":"Sivasakthya Mohan ,&nbsp;Deji Akinwande ,&nbsp;Kenneth M. Liechti","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite being at the forefront of materials research for nearly two decades, scalable, high-yield transfer of 2D materials from their growth substrates to suitable target substrates continues to pose severe limitations in their transition to industrial applications. Conventional wet transfer methods are time-expensive and highly involved processes that do not provide an effective means to be automated. Dry transfer processes relying on mechanical delamination circumvent some of the challenges of wet transfer, however most of the current efforts at dry transfer have used Mode I loading which are not easy to scale to wafer sizes. In the present study, we performed dry transfer of graphene from sapphire under a wide range of mode-mixes (combinations of tension and shear), something that had not been accomplished heretofore. Laminated beam type specimens (graphene/sapphire/epoxy/sapphire) were fabricated using CVD graphene on sapphire and tested using a previously developed dual actuator loading device. By varying the ratio of the actuator displacements several fracture mode conditions were explored. We observe a reduction in the overall fracture toughness of the graphene-sapphire interface as we go from pure Mode I (Γ<em>_ss</em> ∼ 2J/m² for <em>ψ</em> = 0⁰) to mixed-mode loading (lowest Γ<em>_ss</em> ∼ 0.3 J/m² for <em>ψ</em> = 82⁰). A beam-on elastic foundation model was used in obtaining the adhesion energies and strengths of the graphene-sapphire interface under the range of mode-mixes. The yield of the dry transfers has been characterized using Raman, SEM and AFM microscopy. All the dry transfers explored in this work have shown remarkably high yields consistently greater than 95 %. The results of this study provide key implications in exploring other loading configurations that can be scalable to wafer sizes, such as three-point bending, for carrying out dry transfers of 2D materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 113289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reverse analysis of film/substrate cohesion by indentation: A mesoscopic perspective","authors":"Xu Long ,&nbsp;Ruipeng Dong ,&nbsp;Jiao Li ,&nbsp;Yutai Su ,&nbsp;Chao Chang ,&nbsp;Fengrui Jia ,&nbsp;Xin Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Delamination remains a critical challenge in achieving robust cohesion between thin films and elastic substrates, particularly in electronic applications subjected to harsh operating conditions. Accurate assessment of the constitutive properties governing film/substrate cohesion is essential for addressing this delamination issue, yet in-situ measurement poses significant challenges. In this study, a numerical model is presented aimed at determining the mechanical properties of elastoplastic film materials adhered to an elastic substrate, leveraging the indentation response generated by a Berkovich indenter. To capture the interfacial damage effectively, cohesive elements are integrated into the finite element model to simulate the cohesive behavior between the elastoplastic film and the elastic substrate. The elastoplastic behavior of the film is characterized using a power-law constitutive model, while the tension-separation model is employed to describe interfacial cohesion. The constitutive parameters of thin film materials are deduced by treating the parameters of the substrate material, film material, and cohesion as dominant factors influencing the load–penetration depth curve. These parameters are combined dimensionlessly, offering an elegant method for solving the constitutive parameters of elastoplastic thin film materials. Evaluation of Young’s modulus, yield strength, and hardening exponent across different indentation depths reveals a highly consistent response in the applied load–penetration depth curve under varying parameter influences. Furthermore, the theoretical consideration of dislocation effects on the indentation process provides insight into the underlying failure mechanisms beneath the indenter. To refine the macroscale finite element model, the evolution of mesoscale dislocations during the indentation process is discussed based on plasticity gradient theory and reverse analysis. Finally, leveraging both macroscale finite element simulation and mesoscale theoretical models, a dimensionless equation is proposed for determining elastoplastic material parameters using the applied load–penetration depth curve. The proposed dimensionless equation demonstrates a fitting degree of up to 0.90, offering compelling evidence for its efficacy in employing indentation as a promising method for efficiently estimating constitutive properties of cohesion between the elastoplastic film and the elastic substrate by accounting for dislocations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14311,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solids and Structures","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 113285"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}