International Journal of Social Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Associations of non-employment with common mental disorder subcomponents among working age population: Analysis of national data from 1993, 2000, 2007 and 2014.","authors":"Gayan Perera, Ktddp Jayapala, Mizanur Khondoker, Karen Glaser, Giorgio Di Gessa, Robert Stewart","doi":"10.1177/00207640241293351","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00207640241293351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Associations between employment status and mental health are well-recognised and such associations may have multiple modifying factors which may also contribute to variations in results.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We aimed to investigate associations between non-employment and CMD subcomponents and the extent of their variation across age groups using nationally representative data in Britain.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used a series of national mental health surveys of adults living in private households: the British National Surveys of Psychiatric Morbidity of 1993, 2000, 2007 and 2014. Employment status was the primary exposure of interest. Presence or absence of each fourteen symptoms of common mental disorder (CMD), as the primary outcome, was ascertained identically in all surveys from the revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R). Odds ratio for the association between exposure and outcome and population attributional fractions (PAFs) for each association was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within the highest-risk 45 to 54 years age group, all odds ratios were statistically significant and strongest associations were observed with panic symptoms (OR = 2.33), followed by depressive symptoms (1.90), worry about physical health (1.84), depression (1.82), forgetfulness (1.82) and somatic symptoms (1.70). In the 55 to 64 years age group, highest population attributable fractions were observed for non-employment as a hypothetical risk factor for panic symptoms (51.7%), phobias (44.2%), forgetfulness (39.5%), depressive symptoms (38.5%), worries about physical health (37.9%) and somatic symptoms (36.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The particularly high impact in middle-aged, pre-retirement groups of non-employment on CMD suggests a policy focus on alleviating stressors and providing support for those made redundant and/or compelled to take unwanted early retirement.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"404-413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of adverse childhood experiences among admitted patients with schizophrenia in a referral psychiatric hospital in Botswana.","authors":"Kagiso Bojosi, Anthony A Olashore, Hlanganiso Roy, Keneilwe Molebatsi","doi":"10.1177/00207640241291500","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00207640241291500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Schizophrenia is becoming more prevalent globally, particularly in lower and middle-income countries. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are significant risk factors for developing and worsening the disorder. This study aimed to determine the pattern and correlates of ACE among inpatients with Schizophrenia at Sbrana Psychiatric Hospital in Botswana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cross-sectional cohort study, 128 adult patients diagnosed with Schizophrenia were sampled over a 6-month period. The Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were used to study ACEs and assess schizophrenia severity. A regression model was used to determine factors that predicted the severity and frequency of admissions, with a significance level set at <i>p</i> ⩽ .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were mostly males (78.9%), with a mean age of 36.7 (<i>SD</i> = 11.01). About 93.8% reported at least 1 ACE, and 56.3% had ⩾4 ACEs. There was a positive correlation between the number of ACEs and positive symptoms (<i>r</i>_s = .24, <i>p</i> < .01) and the general psychopathology score (<i>r</i>_s = .18, <i>p</i> < .05). Having an incarcerated household member (AOR = 2.43; 95% CI [1.02, 5.81]) was associated with PANSS >75. Participants who had experienced physical abuse were more likely to have multiple admissions (AOR = 5.88; 95% 95% CI [1.87, 18.51]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight the high prevalence of multiple ACEs among patients with Schizophrenia. More interventions are therefore needed to mitigate the risk of ACEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"338-348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Old age from the perspective of LGBTQ+ and heterosexual young: A comparative study.","authors":"Nur Elçin Boyacıoğlu, Hatice Selin Irmak, Şeyma Bozkurt Uzan","doi":"10.1177/00207640241294202","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00207640241294202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In today's world, the challenges and achievements of LGBTQ+'s throughout their lives are increasingly gaining attention. However, the specific needs of LGBTQ+'s in the aging process and potential challenges they might face during this period are often overlooked.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to demonstrate LGBTQ+'s and heterosexual young's perspectives on old age.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This descriptive, cross-sectional comparative study collected data from 230 LGBTQ+ and 201 heterosexual individuals. Data were collected using a digital survey comprising an 8-item Personal Information Form and a 17-item Questionnaire for Opinions Regarding Old Age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to others, LGBTQ+'s consider old age to be a more problematic period. In this study, it was determined that LGBTQ+'s perceive old age as a bigger problem compared to those in the heterosexual group. It was determined that the possible difficulties that LGBTQ+'s expect to face in old age are mostly related to basic needs such as the need for care and lack of social support. In the heterosexual group, concerns about age-related physical changes such as loss of youth were observed more frequently.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is recommended that studies to be conducted and services to be offered in this area should be of nature that would ensure safety of LGBTQ+'s, protect their basic humanitarian rights and respond to their needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"426-436"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiles of refugee-related trauma exposure and depression among North Korean refugees in South Korea: A latent class analysis.","authors":"Mee Young Um, Hee Jin Kim, Hye Jin Kim","doi":"10.1177/00207640241291491","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00207640241291491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>North Korean refugees (NKRs) exhibit alarmingly high levels of depression prior to or immediately after entering South Korean society, which is likely attributable to their pre-migration traumatic experiences. However, prior research on NKRs has simply examined the cumulative effect of trauma on depression. Despite calls for research identifying trauma exposure patterns that co-occur among refugees, to date, no study has investigated distinct profiles of NKRs' pre-migration trauma exposure and their associations with depression in this high-risk population. To better understand the unique mental health needs of NKRs and provide them with tailored care, it is imperative to identify meaningful subgroups of NKRs with distinct profiles of trauma exposure.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>Using latent class analysis (LCA), which is a person-centered approach, this study aimed to identify subgroups of NKRs based on trauma exposure and their associations with sociodemographic characteristics and depression levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of NKRs (<i>N</i> = 405) in South Korea were assessed for depression, pre-migration trauma, and sociodemographic covariates through a self-administered survey. LCA was conducted to identify trauma exposure classes and multivariate ordinary least squares regression analysis was performed to examine associations between trauma exposure classes and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of clinically significant depression was 47.2% for our study sample. Three classes of trauma were identified: deprivation trauma and witnessing death (59.3%), complex and pervasive trauma (23.7%), and low exposure (17.0%). Members in the complex and pervasive trauma class demonstrated very high probabilities of exposure to all traumatic events and had the strongest association with elevated depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings underscore the importance of identifying subgroups of NKRs to unravel heterogeneity in trauma exposure and provide more nuanced explanations for different risk profiles regarding depression. These findings also provide evidence for a framework for clinicians to provide individualized resources and trauma-informed services to NKRs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"370-379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social determinants for understanding Muslims' intentions toward seeking mental health help based on the Theory of Planned Behavior.","authors":"Leena Badran, Niveen Rizkalla, Steven P Segal","doi":"10.1177/00207640241288193","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00207640241288193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many have found that minorities seek help for mental health problems less than the general population. Such findings are surprising considering that minorities experience higher rates of mental health issues compared to the general population.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Employing the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study aimed to explore the intentions of Muslims living in California and Israel pertaining seeking mental health help (SMHH).</p><p><strong>Method and design: </strong>A qualitative approach involving semi-structured interviews guided by TPB principles was conducted with 78 participants. Thematic analysis was implemented to identify key themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five major themes were identified: 1 - Attitudes: Normalization of SMHH entangled with fear; causes and attributions of mental health disorders; perspectives on treatment. 2 - Subjective norms: Support groups; stigma and social norms. 3 - Perceived behavioral control: Personal and environmental facilitators and barriers. 4 - Intentions: High; conditioned preapproval; and low. 5 - Actual help seeking behavior: Religious figures as first resort; incorporating religious practices, and preference of Muslim therapist. Cultural beliefs, stigma, social support, and religion elements were dominant in the TPB model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings underscored the holistic approach among Muslims toward seeking mental help incorporating medical, psychological, social, and spiritual understanding of the mental health condition. This suggests considering social and communal elements in developing interventions, education, and policy for SMHH among Muslims.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"283-294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Employment and its role in mental health.","authors":"Antonio Ventriglio","doi":"10.1177/00207640241311982","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00207640241311982","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"221-222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The weight of office? A scoping review of mental health issues and risk factors in elected politicians across democratic societies.","authors":"Alexander Smith, Stefanie Hachen, Ashley Weinberg, Peter Falkai, Sissel Guttormsen, Michael Liebrenz","doi":"10.1177/00207640241291523","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00207640241291523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The mental health and capacity to govern of democratically-elected politicians have become burgeoning topics of interest. Notably, in fulfilling demanding and high-stress roles, political officeholders could encounter distinctive risk factors, yet existing research literature about these subpopulations remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This scoping review aimed to systematically examine the breadth of available evidence on mental health issues and risk factors affecting democratically-elected politicians internationally and to identify future research needs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using pre-defined eligibility criteria based on JBI guidelines, a systematic keyword search was conducted in May 2024 of MEDLINE, Scopus, and APA PsycNet, supplemented by snowballing techniques. Only those studies reporting primary, empirical evidence on mental ill-health or risk factors with psychological correlates from serving politicians in \"Full\" or \"Flawed\" democracies (per Democracy Index) were included from 1999 to 2024. Titles and abstracts were screened and the full-texts of potentially eligible literature were assessed before extraction and synthesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen sources met the eligibility criteria, cumulatively encompassing ~3,500 national, state, and municipal politicians across seven democracies (Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States). Cross-sectional surveys were predominantly utilized, with lesser use of mixed-methods approaches, qualitative interviews, and longitudinal cohorts. Violence emerged as a key concept, with twelve sources (66.7%) underlining its psychological toll and certain data indicating a disproportionate impact on female officeholders. Furthermore, four sources (22.2%) explored general psychopathology trends, revealing varying but sizeable mental ill-health and high-risk alcohol consumption rates, and two studies (11.1%) demonstrated adverse effects from specific occupational conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current literature suggests that democratically-elected politicians can face complex mental health challenges. However, significant research gaps remain, including a paucity of prevalence estimates, longitudinal data, and intervention studies. Equally, the underrepresentation of most democratic countries accentuates the need for a more diverse evidence-base to better support the mental wellbeing of politicians worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"223-238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-national variation in how members of the community define flourishing mental health.","authors":"Richard Andrew Burns, Kerry Sargent, Dimity Ann Crisp","doi":"10.1177/00207640251323345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640251323345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The experience of flourishing (i.e. high wellbeing) is informing our understanding of psychological health beyond psychopathology.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study examines whether community members define their sense of flourishing in terms of the presence of wellbeing and/or the absence of psychopathology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (<i>n</i> = 1,094) were stratified by sex and age (18-39 years, 40-59 years and 60 years+), resided in Australia, the United Kingdom, Singapore, South Africa and Malaysia. Participants were presented with 12 items from the European Social Survey Wellbeing Module and 9 symptoms from the Diagnostic Statistical Manual for Major Depressive Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder; mental health items were rephrased to reflect an absence of psychopathology. Respondents selected and ranked the five statements that best reflected their sense of flourishing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Wellbeing statements were the most frequently endorsed items for example, 'Feeling calm and peaceful', 'Life is valuable and worthwhile', 'Having people who care' and 'Feeling positive about oneself', but they were only endorsed by approximately 35% to 38% of respondents. Three pathology items were amongst the top 10 items endorsed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>That not one indicator was endorsed by the majority of respondents suggests that flourishing definitions of positive mental health need to be defined by both the presence of wellbeing and absence of psychopathology. Notably, there were few between-nation differences in items endorsed, and those differences reported were not of a large magnitude suggesting consistency in the endorsement of indicators between nations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640251323345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma and identity predictors of ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD in a trauma-exposed Colombian sample.","authors":"Martin Robinson, Emanuele Fino, Gülseli Baysu, Rhiannon N Turner, Natasha I Bloch, Donncha Hanna, Chérie Armour","doi":"10.1177/00207640251318074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640251318074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The 11th International Classification of Diseases introduces the diagnosis of Complex PTSD (CPTSD); characterized by traditional PTSD symptomology plus Disturbances in Self Organisation. Part of this construct involves feeling socially disconnected from others, suggesting that aspects of group and individual identity may be associated with this disorder.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The current study seeks to contribute to better understanding the association of individual social and personal identity in development of this disorder in post-conflict contexts.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study analysed survey data collected as part a case-control investigation of psychological risk and resilience in a trauma-exposed sample in Colombia (<i>N</i> = 541). Identity orientations, that is, the level of importance ascribed to one's social and personal identity, was assessed using the Social and Personal Identities Scale (SIPI) and was assessed as predictor of probable CPTSD diagnosis using multinomial logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses indicated that trauma experiences were associated with both diagnostic categories, however Social and Personal identity orientation were significant predictors of probable CPTSD diagnosis, but not probable PTSD diagnosis. Greater Personal identity orientation, that is, viewing oneself as individualistic, was associated with increased likelihood of CPTSD. In contrast, greater Social Identity orientation, that is, stronger group membership identification, was associated with reduced odds of CPTSD diagnosis. Identifying as a victim of the conflict was not significantly associated with risk for PTSD or CPTSD outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Greater sense of Social Identity and cohesion is suggested to be protective against CPTSD development, whereas greater personal identity orientation is a risk factor. Theoretical perspectives considering the role of social and personal identity may be valuable in understanding individual risk for CPTSD in post-conflict societies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640251318074"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of workplace violence on the risk of suicide among Chinese correctional personnel: A chain mediation model with insomnia and depression as mediating variables.","authors":"Jingyan Sun, Ruihan Lin, Siyuan Wang, Ying Huang, Sze Tung Lam, Nan Wang, Yixin Zhao, Huijuan Guo, Yuqiong He, Hanrui Peng, Hui Chen, Xiaoping Wang","doi":"10.1177/00207640251317023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640251317023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prison correctional personnel often experience increased workplace violence (WPV) and higher risk of suicide, but the link between the two is not yet clear. This study aims to explore the specific mediating variables and mediating paths between WPV and suicide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study of 472 Chinese correctional personnel conducted through an online survey. We used the Workplace Violence Scale (WVS), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), the Chinese version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), and the revised Beck Suicidal Ideation scale (BSI) to quantify the WPV experienced by subjects and their mental health status. Data analysis, including mediation and network analysis, was performed using SPSS and R software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Presence of insomnia and/or depression mediated the relationship between WPV and suicide risk, which accounted for 36.62% of the total effect. Insomnia alone accounted for 9.87%, depression alone accounted for 12.73%, whereas both put together accounted for 14.03%. Male personnel experienced more WPV than their female counterparts, and WPV in men had a stronger association with suicide risk. Network analysis indicated that daytime dysfunction and downheartedness were important nodes in mediating pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Experiencing WPV may lead to an increased risk of suicide among correctional personnel, particularly men, with insomnia and depression mediating the experienced risk. Correctional institutions should take measures to reduce the occurrence of WPV experienced by correctional personnel mitigate the impact of this occupational hazard, and prioritise the mental health of correctional personnel, particularly those already experiencing worrying symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640251317023"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}