International Journal of Social Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Functioning, disability, and health of individuals with Hikikomori (prolonged social withdrawal) and their families: A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies.","authors":"Shunsuke Nonaka, Hiroaki Kubo, Tomoya Takeda, Motohiro Sakai","doi":"10.1177/00207640241310189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640241310189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Currently, paradoxical findings exist regarding the level of functioning in individuals with Hikikomori (prolonged social withdrawal).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This systematic review aimed to clarify the functioning, disability, and health of individuals with Hikikomori and their families in comparison to those without Hikikomori.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Relevant studies were searched from April 22 to 25, 2022, using MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and two Japanese databases. Functions were categorized into 'body functions\"; \"structure\"; and \"activity and participation', which were further classified into subcategories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 8,181 studies screened, 24 studies with 1,769 individuals with Hikikomori were included. Twelve, three, and four indicators from six studies on depression and anxiety, three on addiction, and two on thought problem symptoms, respectively, were higher in the Hikikomori group than in the comparison group, with at least moderate effect sizes. Three indicators from three studies on interpersonal relationships were worse in the Hikikomori group, with at least moderate effect sizes. The meta-analyses showed that internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and thought disorders were significantly higher in the Hikikomori group than those in the comparison group with moderate-to-high effect sizes. Contrastingly, communication/interpersonal interactions were significantly lower in the Hikikomori group than those in the comparison group. No significant differences were observed in daily life/social life and the families' communication/interpersonal interactions and relationship.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study limitations include a high risk of bias and heterogeneity. Overall, individuals with Hikikomori often have impaired mental and interpersonal interaction functions; thus, comorbidities of this condition should be carefully assessed.PROSPERO: CRD42022320592.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640241310189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dinesh Bhugra: An icon in psychiatry and mental health advocacy.","authors":"Albert Persaud, Julio Torales, Rachel Tribe, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Afzal Javed, Antonio Ventriglio","doi":"10.1177/00207640241313417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640241313417","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640241313417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An observational study of socioeconomic disparities in psychiatry consultation uptake in Australia, using routinely collected national data from 2015 to 2022.","authors":"Edward Meehan, Thomas Yeatman, Frances Shawyer, Darren Rajit, Vinay Lakra, Graham Meadows, Joanne Enticott","doi":"10.1177/00207640241311846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640241311846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased psychological distress and psychiatric service usage in Australia. Previous research into the first few months of the pandemic found severe inequality in telehealth psychiatry but no change in inequality for psychiatry service usage overall. However, it is unknown how inequality evolved over the remainder of the pandemic, as extended lockdowns continued in major Australian cities.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To understand how socioeconomic inequality in psychiatric consultations changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, using new data from 2020 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed routinely collected national Medicare data, provided to us as service counts per Statistical Area 3 (SA3) region by financial year from 2015 to 2016 to 2021 to 2022. We calculated daily rates of psychiatry attendances per 100,000 working age adults within each SA3 region, and we evaluated inequality in the distribution of consults using concentration indices and curves based on the Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage (IRSD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analysed 7 years of Medicare data from 321 SA3 regions. The national consultation rate increased in 2020 to 2021 from 45.16 to 50.17, and then decreased slightly in 2021 to 22 to 48.65. Inequality as measured by concentration indices rose from 0.169 in 2020 to 2021 to 0.177 in 2021 to 2022. Consultation rates in the most disadvantaged IRSD quintile decreased by 15.9% in 2021 to 2022 compared to smaller decreases of between 1% and 4% in the top 4 quintiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study shows that inequality in mental health service provision increased in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic to the highest level seen in the 7 years of data we analysed. Individuals within the most disadvantaged IRSD quintile experienced a significant and disproportionate decline in service rates. Close monitoring and more granular data are needed to understand the drivers behind this inequity and its current status, and to inform interventions to improve it.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640241311846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health professionals' perspectives and suggestions on religious and superstitious activities engagement of patients with serious mental illness: A national survey in Thailand.","authors":"Sorawit Wainipitapong, Somboon Hataiyusuk, Chonmanan Khanthavudh, Vitchayut Phetsayanavin, Teeravut Wiwattarangkul, Daruj Aniwattanapong","doi":"10.1177/00207640241311841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640241311841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with serious mental illness (SMI) often engage in religious and superstitious activities. The implications of such engagements remain unclear, with no established guidelines for mental health professionals.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to survey perspectives and gather suggestions from various disciplines within mental healthcare regarding the engagement in religious/superstitious activities of SMI patients: schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted between November and December 2023 among Thai mental health professionals. Participants used 10-point Likert scales to rate their agreement levels for engaging each activity. Additional suggestions were obtained through textual responses, which were subsequently summarised and synthesised.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 403 professionals participated, the majority were female (73.2%), Buddhist (87.6%) and psychiatrists (42.2%), with a median age of 34.0 years. Among patients with active symptoms, patients with major depressive disorder tended to receive the highest mean agreement scores for engagement, while patients with schizophrenia consistently scored the lowest across most activities. Similar trends were observed among patients in remission. From textual responses, two key themes were synthesised: (1) environmental factors and (2) impacts on natural courses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with active schizophrenia received the lowest levels of agreement while patients with major depressive disorder tended to receive the highest mean agreement scores on engaging religious/superstitious activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640241311841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First episode of psychosis in rural Greece: A multi-center study of the Mobile Mental Health Units.","authors":"Vaios Peritogiannis, Ioanna-Athina Botsari, Athina Fragouli-Sakellaropoulou, Iliana Filla, Aikaterini Garmpi, Maria Dimopoulou, Stavros Gavriilidis, Alexandros Vgontzas, Maria Samakouri","doi":"10.1177/00207640241310185","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00207640241310185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Over the last decades the study of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders has been focused on early and comprehensive intervention during the first episode of psychosis (FEP), but studies in rural settings are only rare. In Greece mental healthcare in rural areas is mostly delivered by the locally-based Mobile Mental Health Units (MMHUs).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of the present study was to address treatment of FEP patients by the MMHUs in rural areas in Greece, focusing on patients with a first episode of schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This is a multicenter, retrospective observational study with the participation of nine MMHUs across several areas in rural mainland and some islands of Greece. Patients of the age range of 15 to 55 years with a diagnosis of non-affective psychosis were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study sample consisted of 216 patients, while analysis was performed for patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (<i>n</i> = 153, 70.8% of the sample). Most patients were males (<i>n</i> = 93, 60.8%), with a mean age at first presentation 34.9 years (<i>Md</i> = 34.5, <i>SD</i> = 11.94). The mean duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) was 7.85 months (<i>Md</i> = 3, IQR = 10.00) and was shorter in younger (15-25 years) patients. More than 60% of patients had been successfully engaged to treatment with the MMHUs, with a mean follow-up duration of 5.17 years (<i>Md</i> = 5.00, IQR = 5.00). Younger patients (26-35 years) tend to disengage from treatment, while those aged 36 to 45 years were more likely to continue follow-up. A reduction of 47.22% in hospital admissions among patients with schizophrenia was observed over follow-up of patients by the MMHUS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The most noteworthy findings of the study are the low percentage of patients seeking help from the MMHUs, compared to the expected cases and the high attendance rate of those that are examined in this context. Further research on psychosis/schizophrenia in the rural context is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640241310185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of smartphone and internet addiction with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Phuong Thu Thi Pham, Truc Thanh Thai, Ha Khanh Mai Huynh, Linh Thuy Ngoc Nguyen, An Thu Thi Nguyen, Mai Huynh Thi Duong, Han Hy Thi Bui","doi":"10.1177/00207640241311856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640241311856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Excessive use of smartphones and the Internet can lead to addiction and may increase the risk of developing mental disorders, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized the existing literature reporting the impact of smartphone and Internet addiction on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was performed on two databases, PubMed and EMBASE, following the PRISMA guidelines to identify articles conducted from December 2019 when the COVID-19 pandemic began to emerge. Studies were selected based on pre-defined criteria and assessed for quality before inclusion in the meta-analysis. The main effect estimate gathered from eligible studies was the odds ratio, which was computed using the random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings demonstrated significant associations between Internet addiction and depression (OR = 4.09, 95% CI [3.28, 5.09]), Internet addiction and anxiety (OR = 3.08, 95% CI [2.08, 4.57]), smartphone addiction and depression (OR = 3.82, 95% CI [3.31, 4.40]), and smartphone addiction and anxiety (OR = 4.81, 95% CI [3.81, 6.07]) during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis underscores that Internet and smartphone addiction increases the likelihood of developing mental disorders in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the outbreak of infectious diseases, it is imperative for nations to not only address economic and educational challenges but also prioritize the mental well-being of their citizens.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640241311856"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the correlations between social support, resilience, well-being, and mental health variables among youth in border areas of Jammu and Kashmir.","authors":"Shreyashee Pandey, Priyanka A Rao, Pooran C Joshi, Chakraverti Mahajan","doi":"10.1177/00207640241310190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640241310190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The border areas of Jammu and Kashmir have long been affected by conflict, potentially impacting the mental health of youth. Understanding the relationships between social health factors and mental health outcomes in these regions is crucial for developing effective interventions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to investigate the correlations between social health factors (social support, resilience, and well-being) and mental health outcomes (stress, anxiety, and depression) among youth living in the border areas of Jammu and Kashmir.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 300 individuals aged 18 to 25 years was recruited, with 150 participants from the Line of Control (LoC) border in Rajouri district and 150 from the International Border (IB) in Jammu district. Participants completed six standardized measures: the Resilience Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Pearson Correlation was computed with statistical significance at <i>p</i> < .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant positive correlations were found between social support, resilience, and well-being in both IB and LoC groups. Depression was positively correlated with anxiety in both groups. However, stress was positively correlated with depression and anxiety only in the LoC group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of social health factors in maintaining mental well-being among youth in conflict-affected regions. The study suggests that interventions targeting social support, resilience, and well-being may effectively promote mental health in these areas. Additionally, the results underscore the need for context-specific approaches in addressing mental health challenges in different conflict-affected environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640241310190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of factors influencing suicidal thoughts and attempts among population in Mosul.","authors":"Najlaa Ibrahim Al-Sammak, Abear Faris Al-Hamdany","doi":"10.1177/00207640241311847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640241311847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide especially in low- middle-income areas as Mosul City. It exposed to wars and various stressors for decades that directly affecting populations' stability, psych and daily life.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>we aim to explore suicidal thoughts and attempts rates and their influencing risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was performed among 652 individuals in Mosul along ten months period since March 2023. The questionnaire was distributed among them by using convenient sampling technique. According to PHQ-9 and ASQ, the sample was divided into three groups: normal people (396), suicidal thoughts (166), and suicidal attempts (90). Chi-square, Fishers' exact, and independent t-tests were used for significant association between variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One quarter (25.46%) of population had suicidal thoughts and 13.8% attempted suicide. Among the risk factors were female sex, low education, low social class, big family size, sedative drug use, introverted personality, poor family and personal relationships, bullying, severe depression, and chronic diseases (<i>p</i>-values 0.031 - <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Suicidal thoughts and attempts were present in high levels in Mosul City compared with other regions in the world. This should be addressed carefully while implanting national preventive and social welfare services.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640241311847"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and predictors of positive childhood experiences and their relationship with adverse childhood experiences among young adults in Delhi-NCR, India.","authors":"Vineet Chaudhary, Gagandeep Kaur Walia, Naorem Kiranmala Devi, Kallur Nava Saraswathy","doi":"10.1177/00207640241310188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640241310188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although positive childhood experiences (PCEs) have been reported to be crucial for healthy development and better mental and physical health outcomes, their epidemiology and relationship with adverse childhood experiences (ACE) exposure in low and middle-income countries, including India remain underexplored.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study aimed to ascertain the prevalence and predictors of PCE exposure and understand the relationship between PCE and ACE exposure among young adults in Delhi-NCR, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present cross-sectional study involved a total of 1,573 young adults (18-25 years) of both sexes (69.7% females) recruited from two Universities in Delhi-NCR, India. PCEs and ACEs were measured using the Benevolent Childhood Experiences scale and ACE-International Questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total participants, 42.6% reported experiencing all 10 PCEs, while 50.2% had experienced 6 to 9, and 7.2% had experienced 0 to 5 PCEs. Further, the mean PCE score of the sample was 8.64. Certain sociodemographic groups, for instance, participants from immigrant families, sexual minority groups and those who were obese during childhood than their respective counterparts were at lower odds of high PCE exposure. Also, the study found a significant inverse correlation between ACE and PCE exposure levels; however, the effect size was moderate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study indicates the need for targeted PCE promotion interventions for disadvantaged sociodemographic groups. The intervention should simultaneously aim at reducing ACEs, as PCE promotion alone may not always lead to ACE reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640241310188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescents and young adults with social withdrawal in France: Sociodemographic characteristics and validation of the French version of the Hikikomori Questionnaire-25 (HQ-25).","authors":"Xavier Benarous, Marie-Jeanne Guedj, Filomena Lomelo, Faizla Mohamed, Alan Robert Teo, Hugues Pellerin","doi":"10.1177/00207640241310191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640241310191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical situations marked by severe social withdrawal in youths are increasingly recognized as an important public health issue in European countries, while the relation with the hikikomori syndrome initially described in Japan remains poorly investigated.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to describe the sociodemographic features of adolescents and young adults with social withdrawal in French and to validate a French version of the Hikikomori Questiuonnaire-25 (HQ-25).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An online questionnaire was completed by 450 participants aged 13 to 25 years. In addition to socio-demographic features, participants were questioned about several aspects of social withdrawal behaviors and a version of the HQ-25 previously adapted in French by a group of patients and clinician experts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A minority of participants was found 'at-risk HKM' (3.6%). They were approximately younger, and lived more frequently with their parents, with balanced sex ratio and no differences regarding the educational level. The level of distress and concern about physical/mental health did not discriminate between the two groups. Regarding psychometric properties of the HQ-25, Cronbach's alpha of the total was .93, the ICC was .74, and the indices of fit found in the confirmatory factorial analysis of the original three-factor solution were robust.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Considering the social invisibility and the barriers to care access of adolescents and young adults with hikikomori, the development of a self-assessment instrument with good psychometric properties is regarded as an important first step.</p>","PeriodicalId":14304,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"207640241310191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}