International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization最新文献

{"title":"From carbon inspiration to energy innovation: epoxy nano-composites for thermal and dielectric excellence","authors":"Gurukarthik Babu Balachandran ,&nbsp;Muthu Eshwaran Ramachandran ,&nbsp;Hariharasudhan Thangaraj ,&nbsp;Anandha Balaji Alexander","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2466582","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2466582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, polymer dielectrics have revolutionized several electrical and related fields. As inductive devices, transformers produce a lot of heat, which makes them susceptible to damage at high voltages and after prolonged use. In this case, an epoxy polymer matrix with nano reinforcement is examined to investigate its potential to enhance a dry-type transformer winding’s cooling and thermal conductivity. The polymer composite consists of nanocarbon blended with epoxy resin to produce a high thermal conductivity composite. Through the incorporation of a range of nanocarbon particles (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%), the epoxy resin matrix was modified. Using central composite design optimization, the polymer composite’s composition is also evaluated for optimal performance. In addition, dielectric strength, thermal conductivity, Izod impact, tensile, water absorption tests, thermogravimetric analysis, and morphological studies were conducted for the optimized value from response surface methodology. It was found that the dielectric strength was 145 V/mm, thermal conductivity was 0.45 W/m.K, and Izod impact was 0.6 (J/mm) for the optimized sample. Finally, insulation temperature tests were conducted on a 0.5-kVA dry-type transformer for a prepared sample and compared with the normal winding. The rate of decrease of insulation temperature was found to be 24.4%. The composite increased insulation performance and verified its reliability as a solid coolant. Dry-type transformers in remote microgrids distribute energy from renewable sources like solar and wind energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 4","pages":"Pages 377-392"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The optimization of leaf-structured polyaniline-titanium dioxide composite toward effective photodegradation of reactive black 5 dyes","authors":"Shu-Hui Khor ,&nbsp;Michelle Li-Yen Lee ,&nbsp;Wan Jefrey Basirun ,&nbsp;Joon-Ching Juan ,&nbsp;Sook-Wai Phang","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2470221","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2470221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discharge of toxic organic dye from textile industries causes concerning effects on aquatic life, and this raises the urgent need for an effective treatment method that can preserve the environment. Recently, photocatalysis has been widely studied due to its environmentally friendly nature in which hazardous organic compounds can be converted into carbon dioxide and water through solar energy. In this research, polyaniline (PANI) with a leaf micro/nanostructure (L-PANI) is used to form a composite with different weight % (wt %) of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) to be used as a photocatalyst toward the photodegradation of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dyes. Based on the results, L-PANI with 5 wt %, 10 wt %, 20 wt %, and 30 wt % of TiO₂ showed photodegradation of 44.2%, 48.8%, 41.7%, and 35.5%, respectively toward RB5 dyes. The optimum photodegradation parameters were further studied using L-PANI-TiO₂ (10 wt %), and it was found that a photodegradation efficiency of 98.2% is achieved with 80 min of dark adsorption time, 180 min of light reaction time, 10 ppm of initial RB5 dye concentration, and 25 mg of photocatalyst. To achieve 100% photodegradation of RB5 dye, the light reaction time was extended to 210 mines, and the 10 ppm of RB5 dye was successfully photodegraded to 100% using 25 mg of L-PANI-TiO₂ (10 wt %) photocatalyst. This shows the potency of L-PANI-TiO₂ as an effective photocatalyst toward the photodegradation of RB5 dye.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 4","pages":"Pages 408-422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A green chemistry of the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and a new copolymer of propylene oxide (PO) using natural catalysts","authors":"Mohamed Benadda ,&nbsp;Karima Oussadi ,&nbsp;Boumediene Haddou ,&nbsp;Asmaa Benettayeb ,&nbsp;Basant Lal ,&nbsp;Soumya Ghosh ,&nbsp;Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2474015","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2474015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of sustainable polymerization methods is essential for promoting green chemistry and minimizing environmental impact. This manuscript discusses the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA), which resulted in a number-average molecular weight of <span><math><mrow><mrow><mrow><mrow><mover><mrow><mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo>=</mo><mn>52</mn><mo></mo><mn>400</mn><mo></mo><mi>g</mi><mo>/</mo><mtext>mol</mtext></math></span> and polydispersity of <span><math><mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo>=</mo><mn>1.4</mn></math></span>, using a natural anionic catalyst. The yield of the polymerization is influenced by the ratio of Maghnite-Na + to monomer weight and the duration of the reaction. A yield of 65% was achieved with a maghnite-Na+/monomer weight ratio of 10% after 8 h of polymerizing methyl methacrylateMMA. Additionally, a new copolymer of propylene oxide (PO) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) was synthesized through cationic polymerization. This copolymerization was conducted in bulk at a temperature of 20 °C. The yield of the copolymerization depends on the amount of maghnite-H⁺ used and the length of the reaction time. This modification provides a nontoxic and effective proton source for the cationic polymerization of various vinylic and heterocyclic monomers. The highest yield of the copolymer was obtained using Algerian montmorillonite modified with 0.25 M H₂SO₄. The structures of the synthesized products were confirmed through ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 4","pages":"Pages 441-456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate modeling of nano-enhanced polyethylene glycol thermal conductivity using soft computing methods: application to thermal energy storage","authors":"Xiaona Liu ,&nbsp;Zahraa Sabah Ghnim ,&nbsp;Asha Rajiv ,&nbsp;Anupam Yadav ,&nbsp;Haider Radhi Saud ,&nbsp;Aman Shankhyan ,&nbsp;Sachin Jaidka ,&nbsp;Kamal Kant Joshi ,&nbsp;Ayat Hussein Adhab ,&nbsp;Morug Salih Mahdi ,&nbsp;Aseel Salah Mansoor ,&nbsp;Usama Kadem Radi ,&nbsp;Nasr Saadoun Abd ,&nbsp;Mehrdad Mottaghi ,&nbsp;Raed H. C. Alfilh","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2477557","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2477557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is considered a renowned polymer with a semi-crystalline composition that, as a phase change material, is ideal for use in applications of heat energy storage. Recent research suggests that PEG’s thermal conductivity can be significantly improved by incorporating nanoparticles. This study focuses on developing various robust machine learning methods like decision trees, adaptive boosting, ensemble learning, K-nearest neighbors, multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks, convolutional neural networks, and extra trees to accurately assess nano-enhanced PEG thermal conductivity based on PEG molecular weight, temperature, type of nanomaterial, and its concentration. The leverage technique is employed to identify potential outlier data within the collected dataset. Additionally, a sensitivity assessment will be performed to examine the relative impacts of each input parameter on the thermal conductivity. The K-fold cross-validation technique is used in every algorithm to mitigate the overfitting problem during model training. The results indicate that the extra trees (with R² = 0.9368997, MSE = 0.0003628, AARE% = 3.7075695) and decision tree (with R² = 0.9374603, MSE = 0.0003596, AARE% = 3.5759954) models are the most accurate in predicting the thermal conductivity of nano-enhanced PEG. These models achieve the highest coefficient of determination (R²) and the lowest error metrics (MSE and AARE%), highlighting their exceptional capacity to recognize intricate patterns and provide accurate forecasts, particularly for forecasting thermal conductivity. Also, it is implied that temperature, molecular weight of PEG, and nanoparticle concentration all tend to increase the thermal conductivity, with nanoparticle concentration being the most effective factor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 4","pages":"Pages 457-484"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of fiber parameters and surface treatment in caster fiber- reinforced polyester composites","authors":"K. Nijandhan ,&nbsp;R. Muralikannan ,&nbsp;Deepak B. Thimiri Govinda Raj ,&nbsp;E. L. Pradeesh","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2477562","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2477562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This investigation focused on identifying the effect of fiber parameters (fiber length, fiber weight) on the mechanical properties of pretreated caster fiber-reinforced polyester composites. The composite plates were fabricated using the hand layup technique by varying the fiber length and fiber content in polyester matrix composites. The tensile, flexural, and impact tests were conducted as per ASTM standards. Fracture mechanism was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. It is found that the highest tensile (20.8 MPa), flexural (46.4 MPa), and impact (38.2 kJ/m²) strengths of composites with 30 mm fiber length and 40% fiber wt. content. The regression equation was formulated and optimum fiber parameters for better mechanical properties were identified using response surface methodology and pattern search optimization algorithm. This study confirms that caster fiber-reinforced polyester composites were used to lightweight engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 4","pages":"Pages 485-499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and temperature dependent viscoelastic properties of natural rubber and nitrile butadiene rubber at different temperatures for vibration damping applications: an experimental study","authors":"Syam Prasad Ammineni ,&nbsp;A. Kiran Kumar ,&nbsp;R. P. Chowdary ,&nbsp;A. Chandrakanth ,&nbsp;Pagidipalli Saidulu","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2453748","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2453748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aims to evaluate the frequency and temperature-dependent viscoelastic properties of natural rubber (NR) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) for vibration damping applications. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests were conducted on NR and NBR at low frequencies, from room temperature to 112 °C. The experimental data were fitted using the generalized Maxwell model, and vibration tests were conducted to obtain dynamic properties such as natural frequencies, damping ratio, and quality factor. The loss factor for NR increased significantly above 80 °C, while for NBR, it decreased above 50 °C. At higher temperatures, both NR and NBR exhibited faster relaxation, but NR had a higher loss factor, indicating a better damping ability. The relaxation strength of NR increased above 60 °C, whereas that of NBR decreased, highlighting the differences in their damping abilities. NBR showed greater damping ability at the first natural frequency, while NR performed better at the second and third natural frequencies. According to the experimental findings, NR proves to be better suited for damping in high-temperature conditions, while NBR is more suitable for low-temperature damping applications. The relaxation modulus of NR is lower than that of NBR at lower temperatures, leading to a better damping performance for NR at higher temperatures. The study recommends using NR for high-temperature applications where high damping is required and NBR for low-temperature applications that require moderate damping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 287-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of cellulose supramolecular structure on its carboxymethylation reaction activity","authors":"Sherzod Yuldoshov ,&nbsp;Yunusov Khaydar Ergashovich ,&nbsp;Goyibnazarov Ilkhom Shukhratóǵli ,&nbsp;Sarymsakov Abdushkur Abdukhalilovich ,&nbsp;Guohua Jiang ,&nbsp;Somia Yassin Hussain Abdalkarim ,&nbsp;Hou-Yong Yu ,&nbsp;Yi Wan ,&nbsp;Kudratkhojaeva Madina Abdugoffor qizi","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2463520","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2463520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reaction activity of cellulose samples is determined according to their supramolecular structure, especially the degree of crystallinity and degree of polymerization. The carboxymethylation reaction kinetics of cotton cellulose (CC), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and powder cellulose (PC), with different degrees of crystallinity and degree of polymerization, were studied by the solid-phase method and in an ethanol-water solution medium. In the row of CC, MCC, and PC with different supramolecular structures, it was found that with decreasing crystallinity degree of the raw materials, during carboxymethylation by the solid-phase method and in an ethanol-water solution medium, the degree of substitution (DS) of sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) increased. In this row, the activation energy values of the carboxymethylation reaction of CC, MCC, and PC were 27.79, 18.30, and 10.74 kJ/mol, respectively, by the solid-phase method. Furthermore, the activation energies of the carboxymethylation reaction of CC, MCC, and PC were 59.26, 25.20, and 17.59 kJ/mol, respectively, in an ethanol-water solution medium. Decreasing activation energies led to an increase in the reaction activity, which, after CC, MCC, and PC carboxymethylation, the DS of Na-CMC reached 0.63, 0.86, and 0.97, respectively, using the solid-phase method. In an ethanol solution medium, the DS values of Na-CMC reached 0.89, 1.10, and 1.31 after carboxymethylation of the CC, MCC, and PC, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 303-314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of casein-based rigid polyurethane foam with starch and sepiolite as fillers","authors":"Xu Zhang ,&nbsp;Rui Han ,&nbsp;Qihong Guan ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhi Wang ,&nbsp;Hua Xie","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2449526","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2449526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Casein-based rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) with different ratios of starch and sepiolite were prepared by a one-step process. Thermogravimetric analysis, CONE analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI) analysis, vertical combustion analysis, and mechanical property analysis were used to explore the thermal stability, flame retardancy, and compressive properties of the modified RPUFs, respectively. The results showed that the initial decomposition temperature and activation energy (E) of RPUF-C5ST2SE3 (5 g casein, 2 g starch, and 3 g sepiolite) were the highest. Under the condition of radiant flux of 50 kW/m², the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), peak smoke production rate (PSPR), and total smoke release (TSR) were reduced by 35.92%, 10.83%, 36.67%, and 18.20%, respectively, compared with the RPUF without flame retardant. By analyzing the carbon residue, it was found that RPUF-C5ST2SE3 had the highest carbon residue and its carbon residue morphology was relatively intact. In addition, the RPUF-C5ST2SE3 had the highest LOI and a UL-94 rating of V-0. At the same time, it also had the best mechanical property. The present experimental results can provide a useful reference for future RPUF flame retardant studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 271-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disordered peptide-based design of intrinsically disordered polymers for biomedical applications","authors":"Orkid Coskuner-Weber ,&nbsp;Fatma Nilsu Cayli ,&nbsp;Vladimir N. Uversky","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2458470","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2025.2458470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the fields of biology and medicine, the development of synthetic polymers that emulate the unique conformational characteristics of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) is of significant interest due to their exceptional structural and conformational versatility. The inherent flexibility of IDPs, arising from their absence of stable three-dimensional structures, enhances their capacity for self-organization, thereby rendering them advantageous for diverse biomedical applications. Intrinsically disordered synthetic polymers hold considerable promise in areas such as drug delivery systems, organ transplantation, artificial organ design, and immune system compatibility. However, advancing the synthesis and characterization methodologies for these polymers, which are derived from the properties of IDPs, remains a critical challenge. This article presents our design strategies for creating intrinsically disordered synthetic polymers tailored for biomedical use. These design methodologies are informed by the attributes of intrinsically disordered proteins and incorporate disorder-promoting oligopeptides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 315-363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and electrochemical properties of NH4SCN-doped almond gum biopolymer electrolytes","authors":"F. Vidhyaranyan ,&nbsp;Venkatesh K ,&nbsp;Jenova I ,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Shunmugavel ,&nbsp;Madeswaran S","doi":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2446596","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1023666X.2024.2446596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of solid polymer electrolytes based on natural gums represents a promising step toward sustainable energy solutions, driven by their abundance, cost-effectiveness, biodegradability, and nontoxic nature. This study primarily focused on the fabrication of a solid polymer electrolyte using almond gum (Amygdalus communis) doped with NH₄SCN salt using solution casting method and investigated its impact on ionic conductivity. An ionic conductivity of 1.123 × 10⁻⁴ Scm⁻¹ was attained for the membrane with 40 wt% ammonium thiocyanate. Through XRD and FTIR analysis, the amorphous nature and the interaction of certain functional groups with the salt provided insights into its potential for use in sustainable energy systems. Transference number analysis confirmed the major charge carriers present in the polymer electrolyte.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 227-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}