International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology最新文献

{"title":"Study to analyse the intraoperative and post-operative complications of total abdominal hysterectomy and total laparoscopic hysterectomy","authors":"Gunjan Yadav, Meenal Verma","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240794","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Laparoscopic hysterectomy is preferable due to faster recovery, decreased morbidity and absence of an abdominal incision. The aim of the study was to compare the risks and complications of total laparoscopy hysterectomy and total abdominal hysterectomy in terms of intra-operative and post-operative complications.\u0000Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Gynaecology department at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Railway Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. The data for the past 2-year record was taken for analysis. A total of 72 subjects were included in the study and were divided into two groups with 36 patients under TAH (total abdominal hysterectomy) group and 36 under TLH (Total Laproscopic hysterectomy) group. The primary outcome of the present analysis were incidence of perioperative complications like blood loss and the secondary outcomes were operating time, blood loss, urinary tract injury, rate of conversion to laparotomy, postoperative pain, and length of post operative stay.\u0000Results: The mean intra-operative blood loss was measured among both the groups and it was found to be very high among TAH group (215 ml) compared to TLH group (124 ml) and the difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Similarly, the duration of operative procedure was found to be less in TLH group (46.5 mins) compared to TAH group (76.8 mins) and the difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Post-operative wound infection (14 vs 0) was found to be more among the patients in TAH group than that of the TLH group and the difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05).\u0000Conclusions: TLH is a safe and effective surgical treatment for benign gynaecological diseases and should be offered whenever possible, taking into account the low rate of complications and cost-effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"57 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tokophobia: a fear of childbirth and pregnancy - an overview","authors":"Mudit Bhardwaj, Aashutosh Sinwal, Vishv Sagar Sharma, Smrithimol Baby, Shagun Singh","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240823","url":null,"abstract":"Tokophobia is a mental disorder that affects women of all ages and varies from a mild to severe dread of delivery. Knauer first reported in the literature in 1897 that between 20% to 78% of pregnant women experience dread connected to pregnancy and delivery. The International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynaecology published a study that found that the prevalence of tokophobia was 30.7% on Levin's scale and 55.3% on Areskog's score. Tokophobia is a multifaceted fear of labor that can be further classified into primary tokophobia and secondary tokophobia. People who have tokophobia may have extreme anxiety that manifests as nightmares, insomnia, panic attacks, and avoidance of situations involving pregnancy or childbirth. The most prevalent type of tokophobia is called secondary tokophobia, and it usually affects women who have already given birth and have experienced a traumatic delivery previously. A 20-item questionnaire called the fear of childbirth questionnaire (FCQ) is used to scale people's fear of giving birth. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is mostly used as a non-pharmacological treatment.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endodermal sinus tumor of ovary with metastasis from breast carcinoma: a case report","authors":"Chandni, Nirbhay Kumar Bind, Neeta Meena","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240820","url":null,"abstract":"Endodermal sinus tumor is malignant germ cell tumor of ovary. Endodermal sinus tumours (EST) also know as yolk sac tumor are rare about 1% of ovarian malignancies and highly malignant tumours occurring primarily in children and young women. Overall survival is poor. In present case patient was breast cancer survivor and completed her treatment for breast cancer 10 years back. Later on she developed rapidly growing bilateral ovarian mass. Tumor markers of epithelial ovarian tumor were raised. Gross examination was suggestive of Krukenberg tumor and on histopathological examination that was suggestive of endodermal sinus tumor, Finally, Immunohistochemistry helped to conclude the diagnosis of metastatic ovarian tumor from breast carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"126 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140370089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulval leiomyoma causing coital difficulty: report of two cases","authors":"Olufemi A. Solaja, O. Fasubaa, O. Ajenifuja, Clement A. Adepiti, N. O. Adedeji, Adeyemi A. Adefidipe, Solomon O. Ayodele, Augustine B. Ndiwe, Oluwasola A. Solaja","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240809","url":null,"abstract":"Leiomyoma is a smooth muscle benign tumor and it is a common benign lesion of the uterus in women of the reproductive age group with a prevalence of about 30%. Though the prevalence of uterine fibroid was 6.5% in Ile-Ife, and 8.5% of gynecological admissions in Ilesha, Nigeria, vulval leiomyoma is very rare and often misdiagnosed as Bartholin cyst or with other differentials like lipoma, etc. It is usually not considered a differential of vulval masses, but with detailed examination and with the use of investigative tools, the diagnosis can become clearer. This paper presents 2 cases of histologically diagnosed vulval leiomyoma seen at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC) between January 2017 and December 2021 with both patients complaining of coital difficulty. During this time, the prevalence of this lesion was calculated to be 0.092% of gynecology admissions and 0.17% of gynecological surgeries done in the hospital.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of maternal body mass index on pregnancy outcome: a retrospective observational study at a secondary level care hospital in India","authors":"Adrija Ghosal, Rashmi, Selim Akhtar, Bibekananda Das, Tushar Kanti Bhattacharya","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240793","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Maternal BMI outside the range of 18.5 to 24.9 is associated with adverse maternal and/or foetal outcome. In India, due to extreme socioeconomic distribution, double burden of malnourishment & obesity is being observed, though it varies from state to state. Many studies are conducted showing association of obesity with pregnancy outcome, while importance of underweight is not studied frequently in our geographical area, hence this study was planned to be conducted.\u0000Methods: Our aim was to evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcomes in patients belonging to different BMI categories. We performed retrospective observational study at department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Suri Sadar Hospital, a secondary level care hospital at Birbhum, West Bengal, India between July 2021 to May 2022. Sample size taken was 170. Detailed data were collected from the MCP card (maternal child protection card) of the mothers, antenatal follow up sheets of these women and hospital medical records. The study participants were then divided into 5 groups according to their first trimester BMIs. Statistical analysis was carried out with the help of Micro soft Excel and Epiinfo 7.1 software, p<0.05 were considered significant.\u0000Results: Average mean weight gain in our study was 9.1118 kg and we found significant association between weight gain during pregnancy & BMI status (p<0.001). We also observed significant association of gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, caesarean section, pre-term labour, post-partum haemorrhage, post-partum wound infection with obese & overweight mother. FGR and MAS were also found to be significantly associated with maternal BMI. Complex maternal metabolic environment on developing foetus in obese mother alone or complicated by PIH or GDM may be the cause. In underweight mother, malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency may lead to development of FGR.\u0000Conclusions: Pre conceptional normal BMI is essential for every woman willing to conceive. Nutrition-sensitive programs like food security, poverty alleviation, women education, women empowerment, dietary consultation for all newly married couples is required for developing countries to prevent altered pre pregnancy BMI.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"78 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinico-histopathological study of gonadal and extragonadal teratomas in tertiary care centre","authors":"Fatema Topiwala, Jyoti Gorade, Marium Siddiqui, Dharitri Bhat, Archana Deshpande","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240785","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Teratomas are quite often seen in the gonadal region. As compared to gonadal teratoma extragonadal teratomas are very rare. They can be mature, immature, malignant or mixed germ cell tumor. Many a times they are missed clinically because of their rare locations that include retroperitoneum, sacrococcygeal, mediastinum, thyroid, eye, ear, and mesentery. In such locations the list of clinical differentials is long and it is difficult for the clinicians to make an accurate clinical diagnosis. Aims of the study were: to identify the different locations of extragonadal teratoma, to know the histological types of teratoma in different location, and to correlate histopathological diagnosis and clinico-radiological diagnosis.\u0000Methods: It is an observational descriptive study of histopathologically proven teratomas over a span of 2 years from July 2021 to July 2023.\u0000Results: Out of total 35 cases of teratomas, we had received 14 cases of extragonadal teratomas. The most common sites being sacrococcygeal region. They were most common in the paediatrics age group and most common sex involvement was of male.\u0000Conclusions: While interpreting the histopathological findings, a high index of suspicion for teratomas needs to be kept even if the site is not a gonadal location. Simple excision is a cure for this condition or else it may transform to malignancy.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal near miss: a retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital at South India","authors":"S. S. Sengodan, Tejashwini Mallesh","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240784","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A maternal near miss (MNM) case is defined as a woman who nearly died but survived a complication that occurred during pregnancy, childbirth or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy. MNM situations tend to mirror the causes of maternal death. Hence, review of these cases has been found to help in the assessment of maternal health services. These cases are called as MNM or severe acute maternal morbidity (SAMM) and auditing these cases is called near miss audit (NMA).\u0000Methods: A retrospective study of 201 MNM cases over a period of 12 months from January 2023- December 2023. Demographic data were collected from MNM review form and records. Data studied and analyzed.\u0000Results: There were 11,340 deliveries and 11,126 live births during the study period out of which 201 MNM cases were studied. Haemorrhage followed by anemia was the most common cause of near miss events. The most common age group affected in the near miss cases in the present study was 20 to 35 years (80%). Majority of the cases were referred from the nearby PHCs and government hospitals.\u0000Conclusions: Most maternal deaths are preventable by optimal utilization of existing MCH facilities, identifying the bottleneck in health delivery system, early identification of high-risk pregnancy and therein timely referral to tertiary care centre.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"34 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conjoined twin parapagus dicephalus","authors":"Edy Fakhrizal, Nola Yolanda","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240810","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-fetus pregnancy occurs when there are two or more embryos or fetuses present at once. The most obvious anatomical position of the fusion of the fetal components can be used to classify conjoined twins, a rare congenital abnormality with an incidence of 1.5 per 100,000 births. A 29-year-old multiparous pregnant woman came to Arifin Achmad hospital, Pekanbaru, Riau. The patient received a referral from an obstetrician because there was a foetal abnormality. The patient did not have any complaints when he came to the hospital. The results of the ultrasound examination showed that the intrauterine Gemelli foetus was alive and had conjoined twins (parapagus-dicephalus). There are 2 pairs of legs, 2 pairs of hands, 2 heads, and 2 hearts. The patient was then planned for abdominal termination of pregnancy. A caesarean operation was performed, and a baby boy was born with 2 heads, 4 arms, 2 hearts, and 2 legs. With the baby's birth weight of 4200 gm, birth length of 47 cm, and Apgar score of 7/8, anal atresia was also found in the fetus. Pregnancy with multiple fetuses carries a high risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The risk of complications for both the mother and the child must be reduced by the early diagnosis of multi-fetus pregnancies with conjoined twins.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"37 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and fetal outcome in second stage caesarean section: a retrospective study","authors":"Anusha B. Chandrashekhar, Hemalata C. Ramakrishnappa, Rakshith Nagaraj, Swati L. Iyengar","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240801","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aims to observe the maternal and neonatal outcomes of caesarean delivery performed in the second stage of labor.\u0000Methods: This was retrospective observational study conducted at Cheluvamba hospital, Mysore medical college, Mysore, in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. All second stage caesarean sections performed between January 2023 to June 2023 were analyzed in terms of incidence, indications of caesarean-section, intra-operative and postoperative complications, maternal and fetal outcome.\u0000Results: During the study period there were total 4194 deliveries. Out of this 1771 deliveries were done by caesarean section. Out of them 48 were 2nd stage caesarean sections contributing to 2.71% of total sections. Patwardhan method was used in 41.6% cases for delivery of deeply engaged head. Intra-operative complications were higher in terms of atonic pph (25%), hematuria (16.66 %). 14% cases had postoperative fever and 41.6% cases need prolonged catheterization. 20.83% babies required NICU admissions and neonatal death was 4.16%.\u0000Conclusions: Caesarean section in the 2nd stage of labour is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity. A proper judgement is required by a skilled obstetrician to take a decision for caesarean section at full cervical dilatation.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"15 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140373131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontal disease and pregnancy outcome in low-risk pregnant women","authors":"Prerna Anadure, Nandini Gopalakrishna, Ashwini, Shashank Hiremath","doi":"10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240657","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preterm delivery is an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Various infections in the pregnant mother may play a role. Periodontal disease in pregnancy is associated with preterm, low birth weight and small for gestational age neonates. The objective of this study was to correlate the association between periodontal disease and pregnancy outcome in low-risk pregnant women.\u0000Methods: This was a prospective observational study from November 2019 to May 2021 at Ramaiah medical college and hospitals, Bengaluru. All pregnant women with gestational age <32 weeks and without any risk factors receiving antenatal care at Ramaiah hospitals were included.\u0000Results: The study included 109 pregnant women without any risk factors. Periodontitis was found in 50.45%. The Plaque Index mean was 1.237 in cases and 0.844 in controls and was significant. Mean gingival index of cases was 1.282 and of control was 0.913. Nearly 94.5% of cases were having gingivitis and only 24.1% were having gingivitis in controls. The difference was significant. Preterm delivery was seen in 63.6% of cases and in 7.4% of controls which was significant. The birth weight of newborns was <2.5 kg in 69.1% in cases and 9.3% in controls which was significant.\u0000Conclusions: Periodontal disease in pregnancy is an important risk factor for preterm delivery and low birth weight. Periodontal disease can be diagnosed by simple oral examination and can be treated. Early treatment in pregnancy leads to a successful outcome.","PeriodicalId":14225,"journal":{"name":"International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"126 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140078685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}