低风险孕妇的牙周病和妊娠结局

Prerna Anadure, Nandini Gopalakrishna, Ashwini, Shashank Hiremath
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摘要

背景:早产是导致新生儿发病和死亡的一个重要原因。孕妇的各种感染可能是原因之一。妊娠期牙周病与早产、低出生体重和小胎龄新生儿有关。本研究的目的是分析低风险孕妇牙周病与妊娠结局之间的相关性:这是一项前瞻性观察研究,于 2019 年 11 月至 2021 年 5 月在班加罗尔拉玛西亚医学院和医院进行。所有在拉玛西亚医院接受产前检查、胎龄小于32周且无任何风险因素的孕妇均被纳入研究范围:研究包括 109 名无任何危险因素的孕妇。50.45%的孕妇患有牙周炎。病例的牙菌斑指数平均值为 1.237,对照组为 0.844,差异显著。病例的平均牙龈指数为 1.282,对照组为 0.913。近 94.5%的病例患有牙龈炎,而对照组只有 24.1%患有牙龈炎。两者差异显著。早产的病例占 63.6%,对照组占 7.4%,差异显著。新生儿出生体重小于 2.5 千克的病例占 69.1%,对照组占 9.3%,差异显著:结论:妊娠期牙周病是早产和出生体重不足的重要风险因素。牙周病可以通过简单的口腔检查诊断出来,并且可以治疗。孕期及早治疗可获得成功的结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Periodontal disease and pregnancy outcome in low-risk pregnant women
Background: Preterm delivery is an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Various infections in the pregnant mother may play a role. Periodontal disease in pregnancy is associated with preterm, low birth weight and small for gestational age neonates. The objective of this study was to correlate the association between periodontal disease and pregnancy outcome in low-risk pregnant women. Methods: This was a prospective observational study from November 2019 to May 2021 at Ramaiah medical college and hospitals, Bengaluru. All pregnant women with gestational age <32 weeks and without any risk factors receiving antenatal care at Ramaiah hospitals were included. Results: The study included 109 pregnant women without any risk factors. Periodontitis was found in 50.45%. The Plaque Index mean was 1.237 in cases and 0.844 in controls and was significant. Mean gingival index of cases was 1.282 and of control was 0.913. Nearly 94.5% of cases were having gingivitis and only 24.1% were having gingivitis in controls. The difference was significant. Preterm delivery was seen in 63.6% of cases and in 7.4% of controls which was significant. The birth weight of newborns was <2.5 kg in 69.1% in cases and 9.3% in controls which was significant. Conclusions: Periodontal disease in pregnancy is an important risk factor for preterm delivery and low birth weight. Periodontal disease can be diagnosed by simple oral examination and can be treated. Early treatment in pregnancy leads to a successful outcome.
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