International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"The study of computed tomography angiography in the evaluation of acute stroke","authors":"Rakesh C. Nayak, K. Gehlot, Tarun K. Rahlot, Narendra R. Kardam, Mayank Choudhary, Pratik N. Naik","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241302","url":null,"abstract":"Background: When it comes to residual lumen diameters and areas, calcifications, and stenose length, computed tomography angiography (CTA) offers genuinely anatomic, non-flow dependent information. Compared to traditional catheter arteriography, CTA is less costly, causes less discomfort to patients, and has a significantly lower risk of stroke and other vascular complications. Additionally, it is helpful when performing magnetic resonance (MR) is not recommended or is not possible. Generally speaking, CTA is more accessible than MR, particularly in emergency situations. As there are no limitations on the kind and quantity of related support equipment, such as intravenous pumps, ventilators, or monitoring hardware, CTA, in contrast to MR angiography (MRA), is well suited for the imaging of critically ill patients. Our goal was to assess how useful CT angiography is for determining the etiology of vessel occlusion and stroke.\u0000Methods: Non enhancing CT scan of all patients was evaluated first for significant findings, after that contrast enhanced scan was evaluated and compared with non-enhancing CT scan. Direct volume rendering (dVR) is the most sophisticated method for 3D visualization. When dVR is used to create CT angiograms, the voxels of high attenuation containing information about bony structures are selected separately from those voxels with an attenuation between 100 and 300 HU containing information about contrast- enhanced vascular structures.\u0000Results: We observed sensitivity of CTA in evaluation of acute stroke as 93.33%, specificity 80%, positive predictive value (PPV) 87.5% and negative predictive value (NPV) 88.88%.\u0000Conclusions: CT angiography, when closely correlated with patients’ clinical conditions, has the potential to become the screening method of choice for evaluating patients with significant vascular lesions amenable to acute intracranial transcatheter thrombolytic therapy.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the influence of varying centrifugation spin paces and timespans on serum electrolyte dynamics in an Indian clinical laboratory","authors":"S. K. Maharana, Shiuli R. Adak, Rupesh K. Dolui","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241303","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A reduction in turnaround time at any laboratory is critical for early assessment. Our aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of various spin paces and timespans on certain serum electrolyte concentrations, such as sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and chloride (Cl-).\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was carried out on 66 apparently healthy volunteers. 10 ml of blood was drawn from each and divided into 4 labelled clot vials (2.5 ml in each vial). Concentrations of serum Na+, K+, and Cl- were assessed in 2 groups (1, 2), each with 33 individuals. Group 1 had varying spin pace parameters (1500 rpm, 2500 rpm, 3500 rpm, and 4500 rpm), and group 2 included various timespans (2 min, 5 min, 10 min, and 15 min). The observations were analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was implied along with a post-hoc Tukey test. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u0000Results: Mean concentrations of Na+, K+, and Cl- at different spin paces for a fixed runtime of 2mins had statistically no differences between each other: Na+ (p=0.978), K+ (p 0.999), and Cl- (p=0.997). However, there were statistically significant mean differences at various timespans for Na+ (p<0.001), K+ (p<0.001), and Cl- (p<0.001).\u0000Conclusions: Our study concludes that Na+, K+, and Cl- concentrations were not altered at various spin paces. A timespan of 2 mins at 4500 rpm outperformed the benchmarks without affecting the results, signifying that it can be routinely chosen for estimating serum electrolytes such as Na+, K+, and Cl-, effectively lowering turnaround time.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender-based comparison of nutritional status in tribal and non-tribal populations: a study in the Udaipur region","authors":"Nisha Tripathi, P. Satyanarayana","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241293","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It is imperative to examine the nutritional quality of adult populations, both tribal and non-tribal, in the Udaipur region of Rajasthan in order to comprehend the health dynamics of these societies. Tribal communities frequently encounter particular difficulties with regard to healthcare access, socioeconomic standing, and cultural customs that may have an impact on their nutritional well-being that is distinct from that of non-tribal communities.\u0000Methods: Our study group consisted of 300 tribals and 300 non tribals. The blood was tested to determine various nutritional parameters like minerals iron, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamins like vitamin, vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin B12.\u0000Results: Comparable levels of parameters like calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin A, and vitamin D3 were found in both non-tribal and tribal people, suggesting that both groups' nutritional statuses were generally similar. Non-tribal males and females exhibited significantly higher iron levels compared to their tribal counterparts. Both non-tribal males and females had considerably higher levels of vitamin C and B12 compared to tribal peers.\u0000Conclusions: The study highlights the differences in iron, vitamin C, and vitamin B12 levels that occur in the Udaipur region between non-tribal and tribal individuals.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140996917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of hematological parameters and platelet yield in voluntary blood donors by plateletpheresis: a one-year study at the blood centre in a teaching hospital","authors":"S. Gulia, Akshita Rattan, Sonia Singh, Dalip Gupta","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241294","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study was planned to compare of pre and post donation hematological parameters in healthy donors by plateletpheresis. Also to assess the platelet yield following plateletpheresis procedure with its correlation to pre donation platelet count.\u0000Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in the Blood Centre of a tertiary care hospital in Haryana, India between January to December 2022. Plateletpheresis was done on Trima Accel Automated Collection System with ACD‐A as an anticoagulant. The data was collected from the hospital for hematological parameters (Hb, hematocrit, Total WBC count, total platelet count) pre and post donation. Categorical data is presented as frequency, percentage, mean±SD range. Correlation was established between the pre donation platelet count and the platelet yield.\u0000Results: A total of 125 donors were included in the study with majority of the donors 69 (55.2%) in the age group 21-30 years. Mean age of the donors included in the study was 31.58±7.5 years. The levels of hemoglobin dropped from 14.16±0.95 to 13.92±1.002 gm/dl, hematocrit dropped from 41.19±1.33 to 40.91±2.89%, total WBC count reduced from 7.64±1.38 to 7.61±1.36 103/ l and platelet count dropped from 279.5±62.96 to 259.9±58.38 lac/ l. There was a significant drop in the levels of platelet post donation by 7.01% compared to pre donation levels. majority of the donors (44%) had a mean platelet yield 2.49±0.33 with a platelet count between 1.5-2.5x1011/l. The maximum platelet yield was 4.93±0.34 in 6% donors with pre-donation platelet count of >4.5 5x1011/l. A linear significant relationship was established between the platelet count and the platelet yield (r=0.99).\u0000Conclusions: There were significant changes in the pre donation and post donation hematological parameters among the donors. It was concluded that donors with a high pre-donation platelet count can be considered for better platelet yield.\u0000Background: The present study was planned to compare of pre and post donation hematological parameters in healthy donors by plateletpheresis. Also to assess the platelet yield following plateletpheresis procedure with its correlation to pre donation platelet count.\u0000Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in the Blood Centre of a tertiary care hospital in Haryana, India between January to December 2022. Plateletpheresis was done on Trima Accel Automated Collection System with ACD‐A as an anticoagulant. The data was collected from the hospital for hematological parameters (Hb, hematocrit, Total WBC count, total platelet count) pre and post donation. Categorical data is presented as frequency, percentage, mean±SD range. Correlation was established between the pre donation platelet count and the platelet yield.\u0000Results: A total of 125 donors were included in the study with majority of the donors 69 (55.2%) in the age group 21-30 years. Mean age of the donors included in the study was 31.58±7.5 years","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140996940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laparoscopic versus open colectomy for acute complicated diverticulitis: a comparative study of outcomes - a systematic review","authors":"L. D. R. Pinto, Gabriel A. P. Tapia, Laura D. S. Fierro, Thaís R. C. Urdiales, Jose A. N. Peña, Carla V. A. Manciati, N. P. C. Moscoso, Bolívar L. S. Pujos","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240956","url":null,"abstract":"Acute complicated diverticulitis presents a more severe form of diverticular illness frequently needing urgent medical intervention and possibly surgical therapy. The aim of this review is to gather conclusive evidence from the literature comparing laparoscopic techniques to open and conservative ones in order to determine the most effective treatment plan for complicated diverticulitis. Online databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Elsevier and many others were systematically searched according to an inclusion criterion to obtain a total of 13 studies to be included in the review. 8/13 studies presented short term outcomes while 5/13 studies concluded with long term outcomes following index surgeries. Based on the end results, it can be concluded that laparoscopic surgery, in particular laparoscopic colon resection is superior to other techniques in treating complicated diverticulitis in terms of fewer short-term complications, low mortality rate better quality of life with few recurrence rates. However, other approaches have their own advantages and can be given priority based on the unique presentation of each case. The clinicians are advised to make informed decisions keeping in view all the patient and disease associated aspects.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140703073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap: a review","authors":"Erick F. Hernández, José Manuel Gómez González, Jorge Gómez-González, Sofia Barrientos-Villegas, Juan Pablo Espinosa-Torres, Baltazar Barrera Mera, G. Mendoza-Barrera, Fernando Rosas L. P., A. I. Valderrama-Treviño","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240958","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is recognized worldwide as a major health problem among women due to its high incidence and high mortality and morbidity rates. Breast reconstruction is an approach of great value for those patients who underwent mastectomy, impacting their quality of life and psychological stress. The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap was described as the preferred graft for breast reconstruction with an autologous flap by surgeons because it represented a decrease in complications for the time and obtained better results. DIEP flap reconstruction requires microsurgical skills as well as continuous monitoring of the patient to identify and resolve possible associated complications.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"83 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of detection of diarrhoea associated human rotavirus and co-infection with diarrhoea genic pathogens in childhood stool specimen by using ELISA and RT-PCR in a tertiary care hospital at Indore, Madhya Pradesh","authors":"M. Rajput, Jagat Bahadur Rawat, Ankur Vashishtha, Gautam Panwar, Prigya Sharma","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240955","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Childhood diarrhoea mainly caused by Group A Rotavirus, is a major global health issue, especially for children under five. In India, RVA-induced diarrhoea causes numerous deaths, hospitalizations, and outpatient visits annually. Vaccination is crucial in preventing RVA, with WHO-approved oral vaccines significantly reducing global mortality and morbidity. However, challenges persist in implementing vaccines in regions like sub-Saharan Africa due to factors like malnutrition and unsanitary conditions. Despite this, since 2009, low-income countries have seen a decline in RVA-related illness.\u0000Methods: Over 18 months, from January 2021 to June 2022, a study at the Post Grad Dept. of Microbiology, Index Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre in Indore, MP, involved 250 children under five with acute gastroenteritis. Ethical clearance and parental consent were obtained. Data included demographic, antenatal, diarrhoea l symptoms, feeding, hygiene, physical exams, and stool analysis.\u0000Results: 250 children under five were screened for Rotavirus. 60 tested positive, mostly in 6–12-month-olds during cooler months in urban areas. 80% were from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Exclusive breastfeeding linked to lower incidence. Vomiting and severe dehydration more frequent in positive cases. ELISA and ICG methods equally effective.\u0000Conclusions: Childhood diarrhoea, primarily caused by Rotavirus, remains a leading cause of under-five deaths, totalling 600,000 annually. Among 250 children studied, 60 tested positive for Rotavirus, especially among males aged 7-12 months, with infections peaking in cooler months. Both ELISA and ICG were equally effective in detection. Treatment primarily involves oral rehydration with low osmolarity ORS. Predominant strains were G1 P (8) and G2 P (4). Global endorsement of rotavirus vaccines like Rotarix and Rotateq, with Rotavac showing promise in India, signals progress in fighting rotavirus, potentially improving public health via inclusion in state immunization programs.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140700821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perineal reconstruction with V-Y advancement flap at the general hospital of Mexico: a case report","authors":"Rodolfo Luciano Rios Lara Lopez, Arsenio Fernando Araujo Azcue, Jorge Luis Leal Silva, Karla Fabiola Grau Gutierrez Rubio","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240957","url":null,"abstract":"Extramammary Paget's disease represents a rare entity whose only definitive management is resection, resulting in significant raw areas requiring reconstruction by the plastic surgeon. Currently, bilateral gluteal advancement VY fasciocutaneous flaps have been for some time one of the best options for perineal reconstruction, allowing for adequate coverage, low morbidity at the donor site, and satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes. In this study, we report the performance of a bilateral VY advancement flap for perineal reconstruction in the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of the General Hospital of Mexico.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140699565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of pain control between lignocaine and prilocaine spray versus oral analgesia in post-circumcision patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial in a tertiary care center","authors":"Manu K. Nagabhairava, Abhishek Kulkarni, Ameya R. Sangle, Tarun Javali, Mani C. Reddy, Sandeep P.","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240945","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pain in the postoperative period is of particular concern. It is a major barrier in the uptake of circumcision. There are various systemic and local analgesics for the management of postoperative pain. However, data regarding efficacy is scarce. Therefore, the present pilot study was conducted to compare the efficacy of lidocaine and prilocaine spray with oral analgesics for the relief of pain.\u0000Methods: After obtaining ethics approval and written informed consent, 100 patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. After circumcision, patients were randomized into group A (Lidocaine and prilocaine spray) and group B (Oral analgesics). Pain was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) score and patient reported comfort levels were assessed in the postoperative period till 72 hours. Findings were noted and analysed.\u0000Results: Both the groups were similar in terms of demographic characteristics and baseline characteristics. The VAS score was significantly lower in group A and the patient-reported comfort level was significantly more in group A.\u0000Conclusions: We recommend that the lidocaine and prilocaine spray is better in relieving pain in the postoperative period following circumcision as compared to oral analgesics.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"2019 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of pain control between lidocaine and prilocaine spray (TEMPE) versus lidocaine gel in the treatment of premature ejaculation: a prospective randomized controlled trial in a tertiary care centre","authors":"Manu K. Nagabhairava, Abhishek Kulkarni, Tarun Javali, Ameya R. Sangle, Amit Patil, Sandeep P.","doi":"10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240944","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Premature ejaculation is the most common cause of sexual dysfunction. There is no consensus on the treatment protocol due to poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, the present pilot study was conducted to compare the efficacy of topical eutectic mixture for premature ejaculation (TEMPE) spray with lidocaine gel for the treatment of premature ejaculation.\u0000Methods: After obtaining ethics approval and written informed consent, 100 patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Baseline values of intravaginal ejaculation time (IELT) and international index of erectile function (IIEF) were recorded. Patients were randomly assigned into group A (lidocaine plus prilocaine spray) and group B (lidocaine gel). After 4 weeks of treatment IELT and IIEF score were recorded. The findings were noted and analysed.\u0000Results: Both the groups were similar in terms of demographic and baseline characteristics. There was a significantly higher improvement in IELT and IIEF score following treatment in group A as compared to group B. The incidence of side effects was lower in group A as compared to group B.\u0000Conclusions: We recommend that the use of TEMPE spray for the treatment of premature ejaculation as it is better than lidocaine gel.","PeriodicalId":14210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"2014 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}